Friends have always believed that Chinese civilization originated in the north and the central plains, and the south did not have its own civilization. Until the discovery of Sanxingdui, a series of excavated objects showed that there was civilization in the Yangtze River Basin, and there were obvious differences compared with the north.
Judging from the results of the study, the three-star push civilization lasted for more than two thousand years, but the process of the disappearance of this brilliant civilization was very rapid, as if it suddenly disappeared overnight, which seemed very unreasonable.
There are many theories about this, the most common of which are foreign invasions and floods.
Foreign invasion
Sanxingdui is located in the Sichuan region, which is the location of the ancient Shu Kingdom, with a history of more than 3,000 years. From the time calculation, the disappearance time of the Sanxingdui civilization is around 1200 BC, when it was in the middle and late Shang Dynasty of the Central Plains civilization.
According to the statistics of the "Yin Xu Oracle Bone Inscription Class Compilation", there are as many as 67 articles about the word "Shu" in the oracle bone, many of which belong to the content of the conquest of the Shu people, such as: "Kou Yin Bu, Shell Zhen: Dengren (Summoning Soldiers) To Conquer Shu", "Ding Jiaobu, Shell Zhen: Wang Dunyue Yu Shu" and so on. Therefore, will the disappearance of the Sanxingdui civilization be related to the conquest of merchants?
But the destructiveness of war is very strong, and it is impossible for people to live slowly and methodically in the chaos of war. Many of the cultural relics in the Sanxingdui site, when buried in the ground, are placed in a very regular manner, which is obviously not in line with the war environment. In addition, the terrain of the ancient Shu kingdom was dangerous, and Li Bai also lamented that "the Shu Road is difficult, it is difficult to go to the Qingtian". Then, the manpower and material resources of the Shang Dynasty at that time were not possible to cross the lofty mountains and mountains to carry out expeditions, so the possibility of foreign invasion was very small.
Flood disasters
Flood disasters have been mentioned in the ancient and ancient legends of our country, from the collapse of the pillar of heaven caused by the collapse of the Buzhou Mountain by the gonggong, resulting in flooding in the human world, to the establishment of the Bactrian Dynasty by Dayu Zhishui, which has an indissoluble relationship with the flood.
Moreover, the Liangzhu civilization, which was as brilliant as Sanxingdui, has been found by archaeology to be related to the flood. However, in the excavation of Sanxingdui, no large amount of silt layers were found, and there were no traces of large-scale flooding, so the "flood theory" was not very strong.
However, with the in-depth understanding and research of people, it was found that some clues can be found on the excavated bronze statues.
There are many types of bronze figures in the Sanxingdui site, but two of them are extremely special, and there are obvious differences in their heads, one is a hair defense style, and the other is a hair fence. There is also another interpretation, the brass statue of the hair defense style, in fact, is not a braid but a head cloth, usually wrapped around the head, can be used to bundle firewood, when used as a rope; and the hair bun looks more like a crown, which is two different kinds of hair ornaments.
Either way, it is undeniable that they represent two classes. Depending on the rarity and workmanship, the vertical portrait, that is, the portrait with a more elaborate and complex head design (crown) has a higher status. Since ancient times, there have been classes that have struggled. So is the disappearance of the Sanxingdui civilization related to the conflict between the two classes?
This question, Sanxingdui can not give the answer for the time being. However, the Jinsha site, which is 40 kilometers away from the Sanxingdui site, gives some clues.
The Jinsha ruins were the capital of the ancient Shu kingdom and existed from the 12th century BC to the 7th century BC. Its rise is basically in the demise of the Sanxingdui civilization. The two are geographically adjacent and the time is relatively close. And through the cultural relics excavated from the Jinsha site, it is relatively close to the style of Sanxingdui.
From the excavated bronze statues, it seems that there is a small standing figure in the Jinsha site, and the styling style is almost exactly the same as that of the bronze statue of Sanxingdui, and at this time, the person holding the scepter is no longer the hairpinner, does this also mean that the supreme leader has changed hands. Is it because two classes of people are in conflict, so people start to migrate, and new leaders appear?
Sanxingdui is currently excavating only the tip of the iceberg, and perhaps with more discoveries, people can find the answer in the future!
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