preface
In the poetry of the ancients, it is often seen that there are sayings about "rich and noble language". For example, the Northern Song Dynasty poet Chancellor Yan Shu joked that others wrote poems as "Beggar Xiang".
The language of being rich and imitating wealth is not the same as looking at people who are rich. How do you quietly embody wealth in your poems?
Yan Shu has a method that is worth learning.
1. Rich poets
The ancients often said that poetry can be poor, but Ouyang Xiu did not think so, he believed that it was not poetry for the poor, but for poor workers:
Uncle Yong said mei sheng yu yue: the world is said that poetry can be poor, and the poor who are not poetry are also workers.
Zhao Yi, a Qing Dynasty man, had a poetic cloud: the country's unfortunate poets were fortunate and endowed with vicissitudes. Indeed, people who have experienced vicissitudes have a natural and profound understanding of life, and the works they write are more likely to resonate.
But this is not to say that poetry is poor, let alone that poets are poor. There are too many rich poets in history.
In history, many emperors are poets, Cao Pi, Xiao Yan, Yang Guang, Li Shimin, Wu Zetian, Li Yu, Song Huizong, and so on, all of which have good works passed down. There are also many poets in the past dynasties, such as Zhang Jiuling, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, Xianggong Hening of the Five Dynasties, Yan Shu, Sima Guang, Wang Anshi of the Northern Song Dynasty, and so on.
2. The Most Precious Dan Style Poem
In the song dynasty, the "Taiping Chancellor" Wang Jue (Zi Yuyu) wrote poems and liked to use treasures to fight, known as zhibao dan body:
Wang Yuyushi often uses "Zhen", "Bao", "Gold", and "White Jade" as the right, and the time is "Zhi Baodan". The first seven of the "Poetry Total Turtle"
Some people say that we don't have such a status as the prime minister, can't we be rich and noble? This man went home and thought about it for half a day and came up with two poems, called other people's jokes:
Someone said: "Poetry can be poor, and it is forced to be rich and noble, how to see?" After a few days of searching, it stopped in unison, and the cloud: "The shin turned into a red tortoiseshell, and the eyes turned into blue glass." "I'm absolutely overwhelmed by it. The first seven of the "Poetry Total Turtle"
These two verses are extremely vulgar, the legs turn into red tortoiseshells, and the eyes become turquoise glass. I don't know what the chant is.
So what about Wang Jue's poems? "Summoning again to the Dragon Tu Ge Guan Shu":
The king also commanded the Penglai feast, and the three pavilions cui song suppressed the sea ao.
Jade is dressed in public opinion, and gold coated paper looks at the waving.
Yao Wenzi and the stars rot, and the Han Temple is often high according to the sun and the moon.
There had been no such meeting for forty years, and Enshen did not feel drunk.
Another example is the "Yi Yun and Song Ci Dao Long Tu Guan Pavilion Storm Book":
The five clouds greeted the forbidden lukai, and it was not as good as Hua Yi dragging Lao Lai.
Treasure sent a letter to the gold as a boundary, and the fairy mash passed on the feather jade as a platform.
It is a very beautiful scene in heaven, and it is also the first material on earth.
The White Head Temple will finally go, and this meeting will come next year.
The jade of the golden world, jade gold, these so-called "rich" words are often used in poetry. Wang Juegui is the prime minister, but others do not have this status, is it good to write poetry like this?
Third, beggar phase
Song Ge Lifang, in "Rhymes and Yang Qiu", has an evaluation of this kind of rich and noble language:
Those who speak among the rich and the noble can speak of the rich, and the poor and the lowly work to say that hunger and cold are also. Wang Qigong was encountered with four dynasties, and his eyes were full of ears, could he not be rich, but although his poems did not want to be rich? Therefore, the poem of Qi Gong was the parable of Zhi Baodan at that time. For example, there are many sentences such as "treasure sends letters to the golden world, and the immortal mash passes on the feather jade as the platform", "Dream back to the scenery of the Golden Temple, and chant to the low shadow of the milky way". "Rhymes with Yang Qiu"
Ge Lifang said that Wang Jue was the elder of the Four Dynasties, deeply blessed, living in a rich and noble township, and could he write poetry without wanting to be rich and noble? But what about everyone else?
Li Qingsun's "Rich and Noble Song" Yun: "The shaft-mounted music scores gold calligraphy characters, and the tree records the flower name jade seal plate." Yan Yuanxianyun: "Too beggar xiang." If you know the rich, don't be rude. ”
Li Qingsun's poems are similar to Zhi Baodan, and he also uses images such as gold and jade, but he is laughed at by Yan Shu and said that this is the language of beggars, and the real rich and noble will not write poetry like this.
What does the real rich language say?
3. Rich and noble language
Song Wu Chuhou's "Miscellaneous Records of the Green Box" mentions Yan Shu's method of composing poems:
Therefore, every gong chants wealth and nobility, does not speak of gold and jade splendid embroidery, but only says its weather, if "the yang flowers on the side of the platform pass, and the swallows fly in the middle of the curtain." The pear blossom courtyard dissolves in the moon, and the willow pond is lightly windy" and the like are also. Therefore, the prince said from this sentence: "Does the poor child's family have this scenery?"
Ge Lifang also gave several examples, the front is also Yan Shu's poem, followed by the works of his own elder poets:
Yuan Xian Shiyun: "The pear blossom courtyard dissolves in the moon, and the willow pond is lightly windy." "This nature has a rich atmosphere. Although the ancestral servant of Wu Zengbu was secretly in the palace, although it originated from the cold, and the wealth was inherent. Taste of Shi Yun: "Zhu Menjing, a decadent son, is idle in the small courtyard of pear blossoms." Youyun: "The curtains on the west floor of the moon are quiet, and the flowers in the back garden are fragrant." "His vision of Yan Gongzhen is worthy."
The poems of these two people have a common feature, that is, they do not speak of gold and jade, but they say that the wind and flowers and snow moons mean that only the truly rich and noble families have this kind of leisurely and quiet scenery in the garden courtyard.
In addition, Ge Lifang gave several examples of verses that said the words of poverty:
If Mengjiao "borrows car furniture, the furniture is less than the car". Tao Qian "Does not cover our elbows, and the quinoa soup is often lacking." Du Fu "Tianwu and Zifeng, upside down in short brown". It is all coincidental to say that the poor are also.
MengJiao borrowed a car to move, and the car was not satisfied. Tao Yuanming's torn sleeves revealed his elbows, Du Fu's daughter's clothes, patches stacked with patches. The family was so poor that it was impossible to write these verses by imagination.
In the same way, without the foundation of the rich and noble, it is impossible to imagine the life of the rich. Now it is not a saying that poverty limits my imagination.
Third, look at people rich and noble
In Hu Zai's "Collection of Tales of Yu Yin Cong of Cangxi", Chen Shidao's "Poetry of Houshan" is quoted:
"Houshan Poetry" Yun: "Bai Lotte Yun: 'Sheng Song returns to the courtyard, the lights go down the stairs', and Yun: 'Returning without letting the Sheng Song disperse, the candles in front of the painting door are red', non-rich language, look at people rich and noble also. Huang Lu said that Bai Lotte 'Sang back to the courtyard, lights down the stairs', not as good as Du Zimei's 'falling flowers gossamer day quiet, singing dove milk swallow youth deep' also.
Bai Juyi's "Feast and Scattering" poem cloud:
The small feast chased the cool and scattered, and the flat bridge stepped back to the moon.
Sheng Ge returned to the courtyard, and the lights went downstairs.
The summer cicadas are exhausted, and the new autumn geese are brought.
He Ying slept happily, and raised the residual cup before lying down.
"Night Return" poetry cloud:
Half-drunk and idle on the east shore of the lake, the horse whip knocked the stirrups.
Ten thousand pine trees on the green mountains, ten miles of sand embankment in the middle of the bright moon.
The corner of the building gradually shifts as a road shadow, and the tide head wants to cross the river wind.
After returning, the song was not released, and the door of the painting was opened with candles red.
Bai Juyi joked that I am not a rich word, but a look at the wealth of others.
Huang Tingjian said that Bai Juyi's two sentences (returning without releasing the song and scattering, painting the door to open the candle red), are not as good as Du Fu's two sentences (falling flowers gossamer day and day, singing dove milk swallow youth deep).
Two of Du Fu's poems are from the "Title Provincial Courtyard Wall":
Yaki bamboo pi Wu Shi Xun, the cave door to the yin of the yin.
The flowers gossamer are quiet in the daytime, and the birds of the dove are deeply young.
Corrupt Confucianism decays late and fallaciously, and it is against the heart to return food late.
Gong Zhi had not made up a word, and Xu was ashamed of his life than Shuang Nanjin.
Province, Menxia Province, and one of the three provinces of Shangshu Province and Zhongshu Province. Flowers and willows were planted in the palaces of the Tang Dynasty, so Du Fu's two poems do not speak of wealth, but this is the atmosphere of wealth in the Tang Palace.
Fourth, there is no need to be the most precious, and you are not humble and frugal
Hong Liangji's "Beijiang Poetry" also said that as a rich and noble language, there is no need for gold and jade jewelry.
Wen Bacha Shiyun: "There are cranes suspected in the cage across the bamboo, and there is no one in the rolling curtain to see the paintings", Wei Duanji's poem "The silver candle tree looks like day in front of it, and the dew peach blossom does not know autumn." Second-class people, that is, there is no such weather.
Yu Qian has a poem "Sending Spring": "The curtains of the water pavilion on three sides are not rolled, and the flowers are fragrant and the spring is still in full swing." And "Early Summer" Yun: "Actually a cool and scattered, but the lotus beads are dewdrops." It is not necessary to use the Eight Treasure Dan, and I am not humble and thrifty.
Wen Tingjun's poems and Wei Zhuang's poems are written about the daily life of rich and noble families. Poor families have the money to raise cranes, and how can they have leisure to appreciate paintings? Moreover, in these poems, there is no mansion and decoration of the owner of the extraordinary Ersai.
Conclusion
Wang Jue is the prime minister, how to say it is a rich language, but others learn to do rich language, using images such as gold and jade to write poems, a bit like the poor Cha fu, or like today's Internet celebrity anchors group purchase to go to the five-star hotel to take pictures and vibrato.
As Yan Shu wrote the poem:
Every chant of wealth and nobility does not speak of gold and jade splendid embroidery, but only of its weather.
As if inadvertently, through some details to let the reader know, this is the home of the rich. Now there is a word called Versailles, similar to it.
@Old Street Taste
When Déjà vu returned, Yan Shu made Tang poems his own, how did the poet use the method of Bixing?