Sanxingdui unearthed a lot of cultural relics, why not continue digging? Expert: What do you see unearthed?
At the beginning of the 19th century, the discovery of the ruins of the ancient Mayan civilization caused a sensation in the world, it was mysterious and brilliant, and some even suspected that it was a masterpiece of aliens. It is worth mentioning that the site is located near 30 ° north latitude, 30 ° north latitude is an invisible curve, is a virtual line drawn by geographers to facilitate the study of the earth, is a mysterious and peculiar latitude line, China can be comparable to the Sanxingdui site is also found in this range.
In November 1980, an archaeological excavation team composed of the Sichuan Provincial Cultural Management Commission and others hurried into the landscape of Guanghan County, which is commonly known as the three-star moon 10 kilometers west of the city. They were drawn to the billowing smoke from a brick factory here. This brick factory has been taking soil here for many years, and fragments of ancient pottery and stone tools that have been turned out from the ground are all over the field and everywhere, which evokes their endless sorrow for the Sanxingdui ruins.
In the spring of 1929, a farmer found a pit of jade bi, zhang, ju, beads, axes, jade and other ancient jade three or four hundred pieces here. In 1934, in order to find ancient jade again, Chinese and foreign scholars excavated for 10 days under the day and night vigilance of more than 80 soldiers with guns and live ammunition, and obtained more than 600 pieces of jade, stone and pottery fragments, and speculated that its age was about copper stone and used to the early Zhou Dynasty. This attracted great attention in the academic circles at that time, and Guo Moruo, who lived in Japan, gave it a high evaluation. Since then, the Sanxingdui site has become a treasure of Bashu archaeology.
After two excavations, Sanxingdui unearthed a large number of precious artifacts, which is as if a mysterious underground treasure was suddenly opened. Dozens of bronzes, more than 100 uniquely shaped and ingenious gold objects, and more than 70 ivory pieces have been unearthed here. It is rare to find so many ivory in the same place.
In the Sanxingdui ruins, a tall bronze figure is very distinctive. We all know that the heyday of bronze culture was the Shang and Zhou, and the bronzes left in that period were all dignified and solemn, but the bronzes of Sanxingdui were just the opposite, they were ethereal, detached, and full of magical imagination. This tall bronze man, with a big nose and a big mouth, and his mouth seems to be coated with cinnabar, and his eyes are triangular. Such an extremely exaggerated portrait is the only discovery in the archaeological history of our country. Why use bronze to sculpt this tall figure? Who is he? What does it stand for? People haven't figured it out.
Among the artifacts unearthed at Sanxingdui is a peculiar sacred tree. It is about 4 meters high and consists of three parts: the base, the tree body and the dragon. The tree grows on a hill and is divided into three layers: upper, middle and lower, and each layer has 3 branches. On this tree, there are 9 birds and 27 fruits. There is also a dragon on the trunk that is meandering down. But what kind of tree is this? Some say it is an ancient cash cow, and some say it is a fuso tree in the legendary East China Sea.
Among the many cultural relics unearthed at Sanxingdui, the most frightening is the huge bronze longitudinal human mask.
Three bronze longitudinal human masks were unearthed, with roughly the same shape, divided into large and small types, all excavated in Pit 2.
These bronze faces, which depict eyebrows and noses, and are engraved with intricate patterns on the insides of their two peach-pointed, large ears shaped like animal ears, as if to strengthen the divine character by distinguishing them from the human image.
The bronze longitudinal mask has attracted the attention of many experts with its imaginative, grotesque and magical shape, but no one has yet made a convincing explanation.
Does the bronze longitudinal mask imply information about prehistoric civilization?
In the Classic of Mountains and Seas and the Great Wilderness of the North, it is recorded: "Beyond the Northwest Sea, to the north of Chishui, there is Zhangwei Mountain. There are gods and men with red faces and snakes, thousands of miles long, straight eyes, obscurity, their vision is bright, they do not eat or sleep, and the wind and rain are gurudwara. It is the nine yin of candles, and it is called the candle dragon. ”
Scholars who study Sanxingdui believe that the longitudinal human mask of Sanxingdui is a true portrayal of the "straight eye" of the candle dragon. The silkworm bush longitudinal eye is actually the candle dragon "straight eye positive multiplication". The discovery of the mask of the Zhongmu ren corroborates the records in the Classic of Mountains and Seas and the Records of the State of Huayang.
In January 1998, the Sanxingdui site was announced by the State Council as a "National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit" and has now been included in the "World Cultural Heritage Key Protection List". As one of the essence of Chinese cultural relics, the Sanxingdui site, with its profound cultural connotation and unique artistic charm, not only makes people marvel, but also brings a series of mysteries, such as where does sanxingdui culture come from? Who were the clans of the ancient inhabitants on the site? How did the superb bronze culture come about?
These mysteries are fascinating, although excavations have been stopped in order to protect cultural relics, but research has never stopped, and perhaps these mysteries will be solved one by one in the future.