Traveling to Gansu Tianshui, about 2 kilometers from the hotel, there is a well-preserved Ming and Qing dynasty ancient residence, the hotel attendant said it is worth seeing, so he took a gap and walked along the street.
This piece of ancient Ming and Qing dynasty dwellings is known as "Hu's residence", divided into two courtyards in the north and south, the owner is hu Laijin, deputy envoy of the Shanxi Chasi of the Ming Dynasty, and the north courtyard is the mansion built after his son Taichang Temple Shaoqing Hu Xin told the old man to return to his hometown, hundreds of years later, these buildings are still standing, and are known as "the first residence in Longshang" and "the first residence in the northwest".
The Southern Mansion is Hu Laijin's private residence, which was built in the 17th year of the Ming Dynasty (1589 AD), which has a history of more than 420 years. It is said that during the Ming, Qing and Republic of China periods, this building has been repaired several times, with 12 courtyards and 78 single ancient buildings, large and small.
Entering the gate, the Yongdao Trail is like a labyrinth, the trails are intricately connected, and the building houses are staggered and arranged in an orderly manner, which is a typical Ming Dynasty ancient residential complex.
There are two tall locust trees at the door, which have now been listed as ancient trees, and it is said that the tree was planted by Hu Guoyong on the ancestors of Hu Laijin, who followed Zhu Yuanzhang to fight the world and pacify Longyou, and Hu Guoyong, a native of Fengyang Province, Anhui Province, took root in Qinzhou (today's water). Hu Laijin was born in a certain house in this house, from a family of officials and eunuchs, Hu Laijin danced and inked from a young age, Jiajing Pengwu, that is, in 1558 AD, took the exam to become a lifter, and from then on embarked on a career path, Ren Daxingzhi County (present-day Dingbian, Shaanxi) was later promoted to deputy envoy of Shanxi, equivalent to the deputy director of the provincial supervision department, in the hierarchical feudal society of the Ming Dynasty, such an official was already a big official, it is not difficult to understand why the Hu family residence is so large.
The black lacquered gate of the south house is opened three times, hanging from the top of the mountain. The three big characters of "Vice Constitution" indicate the identity of the master. Step through the gate to the patio. The patio has the meaning of "heavenly design" in ancient architecture, it goes up to the sky, winds and breathes, and is grounded down to remove filth and impurity. The patio circulates the courtyard airflow, the qi rhyme is through, smooth and harmonious, and strengthens the communication function of the yin and yang qi of heaven and earth. Residents use the land of the patio to spit out the old and the new, as if borrowing the throat of the gas well to survive and extend their lives, becoming a cultural symbol of agricultural China.
Enter the East Courtyard of the South Mansion. The word "Guifu" in the horizontal phi kaishu is titled "Kangxi Jiyu Zhongchun" (February 1669 AD) in the upper paragraph and "Bai Yan" in the lower paragraph. "Guifu" refers to the rich fragrance of osmanthus flowers. Osmanthus flowers are evergreen all year round and full of floral fragrance, and have always been regarded as symbols of family reunion, official fortune and prosperity, and the growth of Wensi. The word "Guifu" is used here to imply that the Hu family deze liufang, which has lasted for a long time.
There is a plum in the yard, and the sign shows that this plum is also 300 years old and is an ancient tree. Perhaps when the first flower of this plum bloomed, the owner of the house was still a teenager.
Casual tour, some house pillars or eaves carvings have a lot of beasts and auspicious clouds, the layers are smooth, concise, rough and rounded, showing a natural sense of floating and rising, unconventional and calm atmosphere, and the Literati atmosphere of The Ming-style furniture style is in line.
The ground in the courtyard is paved with pebbles of different shades of color into nine square grids, tai chi diagrams, sun and other patterns. The second courtyard is also a Ming Dynasty building, with three front porches in the south room, five beams, and the east and west wing rooms are slightly the same as the front yard. There is a small and exquisite courtyard on the west side of the corridor, the east and north rooms are three, the south room is a courtyard, and the crossing court is connected with a small courtyard. Compared with the front yard, the small courtyard house is smaller in size, but it is exquisite and wins. The west side of the porch is made of railings and arched doors, which play a role in dividing the space and blocking the line of sight. The wood carvings of doors and windows are extremely elaborate, and the content is mostly piano and chess calligraphy and painting, magpie plum blossoms and Bogu patterns. Although it is not as grand as the front yard, it has more elegance and local style.
The lady's boudoir is worth a peek, it is a second floor, which is placed with a boudoir, a dresser, a lady chair, a circle chair, a lamp hanging chair, etc. Needless to say, this is the host's unmarried daughter sitting and living, practicing female red, studying poetry and etiquette. In the Ming Dynasty, people called the "boudoir" "fragrant boudoir", the unmarried woman called "to be in the boudoir", in the family with stricter family rules, the boudoir is the world before the girl is not married, the girl basically can not go out, or even can not go downstairs, in our view now, this boudoir is simply a prison, perhaps because of this, the ancient women can cultivate a gentle, calm, feminine and beautiful temperament.
The residence of Hu Xin, the son of Hu Laijin, was built in the forty-third year of the Ming Dynasty (that is, 1615 AD), Hu Xin entered the army in the middle of 1589 AD, and served as a zhi county in Linfen, Shanxi for three years, and the historical records say that Hu Xin was a bureaucrat when he was a government official, and "there was no backlog of cases in the court, and there was no prison in prison", and he was a wise and responsible and honest official, who was praised as "Beihai Rui".
Hu's first north house is square, the door is facing the main street, there are two stone lions outside the door, there is a wall inside, and the whole house is composed of 6 courtyards and courtyards of different sizes. The main building of the Main Courtyard of the East Second Courtyard is the main building. The hall floor is five rooms wide and three deep, and it is a brick and wood structure with a heavy eaves and a two-story pavilion-style hard hill top, which is magnificent and magnificent.
The existing building is one into three courtyards, which is composed of a gate, an inverted seat, a hall, a main hall building, an east and west wing, and a rear hall. The first floor of the main hall building is a study room, which is where Hu Xin studied the history of the scriptures and met his friends with the piano. The second floor is an ancestral hall dedicated to ancestors. The main hall building has a unique shape and magnificent momentum, which is the core of the overall architecture of the north house, and there are carved stems between the eaves and columns, there are different styles such as lotus flowers, peonies, passionflowers, etc., the overall carving is exquisite and not complicated, although the original painting has been eroded by hundreds of years of wind and rain, its color is still faintly visible, facing this pavilion, you can still deeply feel its grace and luxury. Experts say that this fully reflects the exquisite architectural skills, exquisite architectural art and profound cultural connotations of the Ming Dynasty.
Hu's house gives people the feeling of being beautiful but not losing boldness, the reason why it attracts locals and foreign places to visit here often, I think this piece of house inherits the simplicity and elegance of the ancient Qinzhou Han and Tang Dynasty architecture, and the earthen wall, ancient locust, wooden building, bamboo shadow show the solemnity and rigor of the northern houses here, as well as the lightness and agility of the southern houses, just like the charm of the city of Tianshui, rough and delicate, with infinite charm.