China's science and technology breakthrough battle: the dragon's head is in the sky, and small and medium-sized enterprises are covering the ground

The greatest change in a hundred years.

The "big" here, as far as the country is concerned, has two.

One is a big opportunity, a big opportunity for China to catch up with the world's advanced countries and realize the great rejuvenation of the nation; the other is a big challenge, the development mode must be transformed, the "card neck" problem must be solved, and the innovation shortcomings must be made up.

At present, the economic growth rate shifts gears, the new and old models switch, scientific and technological innovation plays a historical responsibility for the future development of the breakthrough, how to implement from the industrial level, efficient coordination of production, learning, research integration, is still a road that needs to be continuously explored.

It is encouraging that we have seen a new idea - sharing innovation and building a community of science and technology innovation.

The proposal of shared innovation is first of all inseparable from the background of the big era.

In the more than 40 years of reform and opening up, if we take every decade as a time stage, the economic development model has gone through roughly four stages.

The first stage was the establishment of four special economic zones such as Shenzhen and Zhuhai, the implementation of the introduction of foreign capital, the development of processing and manufacturing industry experiments, and the experimental liberalization of individual industrial and commercial households, which successfully made a breakthrough for the greater reform and opening up later, and also accumulated a lot of valuable experience.

The second stage, after the "92 Southern Tour", increased the opening up to foreign capital and private enterprises, and ushered in a new stage of reform and opening up.

The third stage is to join the WTO in 2001, China has become the "world's factory", and export processing orientation is the basic characteristic of China's economy in that decade.

The fourth stage is that after the financial tsunami in 2008, the new model of infrastructure + real estate has risen, and China has entered the era of vigorous infrastructure construction.

In this way, the characteristics of the first three stages are very similar, in fact, it is to attract investment and investment, and then open up some private sectors internally, using our own relatively cheap economic resources, such as land, labor, etc., to promote economic development. To sum up, it is to rely on external forces as the mainstay, supplemented by internal forces.

But in the fourth stage, the internal and external forces have changed, and the internal forces have become a new engine of development. Specifically manifested in capital and technology, the money in the first three stages mainly relies on the outside, but from the fourth stage onwards, it slowly switches to relying on the internal, and the combination of infrastructure + real estate has a quick effect, but the indispensable supporting facilities are to increase the money supply, in short, to release water. However, this development model has basically reached the saturation period today, and it has also reached a moment when it must be transformed.

At the same time, looking at the world, the great power game, geopolitics are becoming more and more complicated, new protectionism, and the competition for the right to speak in high-tech industries are becoming more and more fierce, especially the problem of key technologies being "stuck in the neck" that has occurred in recent years, which has made us see clearly our weakness in advanced technology, and if we do not grasp the commanding heights of science and technology, we will only repeat the situation of "backwardness will be beaten".

If it is said that changing the development model is an inherent and inevitable demand of China at this stage and in the future, then the development of the world situation is an external trend that China must adapt to, and under internal and external pressure, our country needs to establish a new development route.

Fortunately, a new line has been established, that is, to develop kinetic energy towards scientific and technological innovation. However, this is not a smooth road, but full of thorns, facing great difficulties and challenges.

As we all know, scientific and technological innovation means huge capital and intellectual investment, the need for supporting not only cheap land, labor resources, but high-quality human resources investment, large investment, time-consuming, slow results, more importantly, the risk of failure is still very high, if it fails, it is equal to a large amount of investment on the water.

In the history of the world economy, there are only a few countries that can successfully transform and upgrade from low-end processing and manufacturing to rely on scientific and technological innovation, but after a long period of rapid growth, they cannot go further, and there are many countries that have fallen into the middle-income trap, south America and Southeast Asia are the hardest hit areas.

The only ones that can successfully break through are exactly two of the world's four bay areas - the San Francisco Bay Area and the Tokyo Bay Area. These two bay areas, one represents the most cutting-edge scientific and technological innovation, one represents the most advanced manufacturing, although the two have certain differences in the industry, but the chassis are very similar, are through science and technology to benefit.

San Francisco Bay Area and Tokyo Bay Area

The two greater bay areas vs South America and Southeast Asia, the initial development path may have many similarities, but in the end in the transformation and upgrading of the time of parting ways, one upward, the other downward, the reason is because the first two have made a breakthrough in science and technology, and the latter two have broken through in science and technology.

He is the stone of the mountain and can attack jade. These successful Bay Areas are exactly what the country needs to learn from right now.

No matter how scientific and technological innovation goes, it is inseparable from the key elements of capital, technology and talents, and to bring together these major elements at the same time, until now, there are two relatively effective models.

One depends on the state, the other on the market.

The national system is not unfamiliar to us, the market economy is not a new thing, each has a lot of successful cases, such as the national system, that is, the use of national finance, administrative power, large-scale aggregation of major elements, and then quickly produce results, which is the most said in the anecdote, is the development of the atomic bomb; the market economy examples are more, the American model is the most widely circulated one, through the capital market to gather funds, through university education and immigration policies to gather talents, and then through the university, Research institutions and enterprises themselves to solve the problem of technology research and development, Silicon Valley out of so many high-tech companies, is the best proof.

Both the state and the market have merit, but if you rely solely on the state, it is equivalent to the need for a lot of financial input, the finance will be tight, at the same time, we must also take into account the efficiency and market requirements; if you rely solely on the market, you also need a lot of input, although it can be solved by the capital market, but the market itself is profit-seeking, how to ensure that the market can always go in the right direction, is also a problem. Therefore, how to effectively combine the country and the market is a good direction and is also very suitable for our national conditions.

Like the original reform and opening up to choose a test field, to explore scientific and technological innovation, it also needs a test field, the state has chosen the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and given preferential policies and institutional mechanisms.

But now that the test field is available, how do you cultivate it well?

The huge investment in scientific and technological innovation and the huge risk determine that it is difficult to break through alone, even if there is a national will, it must be carried out on the basis of the industry that already has a certain amount, and it must also be used and played well, first strong and then strong, and finally form a high-tech industry ecology, in order to achieve common strength. Specifically, it is to share resources, share capabilities, share markets, share platforms, and share results.

This has a very obvious performance in the San Francisco Bay Area and the Tokyo Bay Area, where there are world-class large enterprises that you are familiar with, and there are countless small and medium-sized enterprises, large and small, division of labor and cooperation, coordinated development, and finally formed a world-class science and technology innovation ecology and intelligent manufacturing ecology.

Looking back at our Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, there is a "9+2" urban pattern, both an international financial center like Hong Kong, a global science and technology innovation center like Shenzhen, as well as trade in Guangzhou and manufacturing in Zhongshan, Foshan, Dongguan, which can be said to be a mixture of the other three bay areas - New York Bay Area Finance, San Francisco Bay Area Technology, and Tokyo Bay Area Manufacturing.

After more than 40 years of rapid development, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has formed high-tech industrial clusters such as electronics and the Internet, cultivating a large number of powerful high-tech enterprises such as Huawei, Tencent and BYD, which can compete with global giants. However, in terms of key infrastructure and underlying technology, there is still a gap compared with the world's advanced level, which is also the reason why people are "stuck in the neck".

However, this also points out the direction for scientific and technological innovation in the Greater Bay Area, that is, how to make good use of the policy and institutional advantages given by the state, give full play to the market mechanism, make good use of the advantages of industries, funds, talents, technologies, etc. that have been accumulated in the Bay Area, from the internal innovation community of enterprises to the shared innovation bay area, first strong and then strong, and from the science and technology bay area to radiate the whole country and link the world, to complete the major mission entrusted by the country and history.

In such a process, there are two specific directions that need to be focused on, one is basic scientific research and underlying technology, which concentrates and accurately conquers several key technology areas in a certain period of time and advances layer by layer; the other is to take a more open attitude, especially large enterprises, which can explore more small and medium-sized enterprises to obtain development opportunities through open patents, open technologies and open platforms, so as to form a perfect, cooperative, collaborative and win-win high-tech ecology.

At the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Science and Technology Innovation Summit held today, Fan Gang, president of the China (Shenzhen) Comprehensive Development Research Institute, gave a detailed explanation on these two specific directions.

As one of the main bodies of scientific and technological innovation, enterprises in the Greater Bay Area are making great strides forward.

Taking Huawei as an example, after decades of high research and development investment, Huawei has mastered the core 5G communication technology, which is an indispensable transmission and bearing technology in the future intelligent world. In the discussion on the 5G short code scheme at the 187th meeting of 3GPPRAN, the PolarCode (polarization code) solution recommended by Huawei was approved as the final solution for coding the 5G control channel eMBB scenario.

Huawei's HiSilicon, which produces Kirin mobile phone chips, Baron baseband chips, And Honghu smart display chips, has performed well in their respective fields; smart phones have also squeezed into the second place in the world, if it were not for the Continuous "Card Neck" in the United States, Huawei smartphones may have rushed into the world's first. However, Huawei, as the phoenix that burns to death, will still continue to run on the road of independent innovation, and it has set its sights on longer-term 6G technology and intelligent research and development.

In another field that the world is competing for - new energy, BYD is also struggling to move forward. In the three core areas of electric vehicles - batteries, motors, electronic controls, BYD to achieve independent controllability, in the terminal products - electric vehicles, BYD has its own brand, in the longer-term energy storage, intelligent transportation field, BYD is committed to electrochemical energy storage technology, cloud rail research and development.

If Huawei and BYD represent hardware technology innovation, then Tencent represents software technology innovation.

As one of the largest Internet companies in China, Tencent began to seek layout in shared innovation in 2018. In the "930", the organizational structure was adjusted and the investment in research and development for the B-side was increased, especially cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and big data technology. In the following years, Tencent's technologies have been successively applied to all walks of life to empower enterprises.

This year, Tencent took out 100 billion yuan, of which 50 billion yuan was used for the "sustainable social value innovation" strategy, and another 50 billion yuan was launched "common prosperity special plan". In addition to software technology, Tencent also launched the "core-making" plan in the hardware field this year, and last month announced the AI reasoning chip "Zixiao", the video transcoding chip "Canghai" and the smart network card chip "Xuanling", corresponding to three different use scenarios; In addition to donated funds, Tencent has long insisted on opening up technical capabilities, technical personnel, and technology platforms to help social units carry out scientific and technological innovation.

At today's Science and Technology Summit, Tencent announced the launch of the "Tencent Technology Charity Venture Capital Program".

Relying on Tencent's scientific and technological capabilities, product advantages, and the internal and external connectivity of Tencent Technology Charity Program, social enterprises and public welfare organizations that lack technical support, operational guidance, communication channels, volunteer capabilities and financial support are encouraged, and social enterprises and public welfare organizations that have been working for a long time in the fields of social value creation and innovation such as information accessibility, emergency response, science and technology to help the elderly, ecological environmental protection, cultural heritage protection, etc., are encouraged to register independently, and after review and screening by professional institutions, provide targeted financial, technical and resource support programs for the selectees.

The plan aims to advocate technology public welfare, encourage social professional forces to respond to public welfare pain points and social problems with technical capabilities, and create an open ecosystem of technology public welfare.

The state proposes to achieve common prosperity, for this topic, the first thing that comes to mind is that the rich people may donate money and the poor receive assistance, but this is only a matter of wealth distribution, which is the stock adjustment, and what is more important than the stock adjustment is to do increments, and only by making the cake bigger can we get more.

Where do the increments go?

Scientific and technological innovation is a way, in the current economic development shift, through science and technology to improve the level of productivity, improve the operation efficiency of the entire society and even the entire country, in order to better output increments.

The state has also proposed to solve the problem of key technologies "stuck neck", how to form a joint force in the national system and market mechanism, and finally successfully break through, relying on scientific and technological innovation.

In the process of scientific and technological innovation, giving play to the leading role of the leader, building a science and technology innovation community, and forming a shared innovation ecology is not only the Greater Bay Area, but also the responsibility of our country to strive to break through, but also the responsibility of large enterprises with responsibility.

This is the major event of this era, and it is also the general trend of this era, which is not only related to the survival of the country, but also the only way for the nation to rise and pass a better future.

To take this road well, it is not only the obligation of the state and the government, nor is it just the responsibility of enterprises, but the government, industry, academia, research and other aspects, and jointly promote.

As one of the initiators and explorers of shared innovation, Tencent is working with all parties to move forward.

This article originated from Grand Gateway