The Shanghai Railway Station in 1913, also known as the Old North Railway Station, has now lost its function as a railway station and has become a museum, and in 1913, there was an assassination that shocked China------ the assassination of Song Jiaoren.
On the evening of March 20, 1913, there was a train to Beijing that was preparing to depart, many merchants, scribes, etc. who were preparing to go to Beijing were checking in the tickets to get on the train, and there was a group of special beings in the crowd, saying that they were special, they were also the same as others, but these people talked about temperament different from ordinary people, there was no word of pursuing fame and profit, there was no greed for power, and what flowed out between the words was the exploration and hope of China's destiny.
Former residence of Song Jiaoren
If their names were said, the people who were in a hurry to get on the bus would have stopped and shouted the names of the group like the fans who are now obsessed with the stars, because they were a group of people who could change China at that time.
Huang Xing, Zi Keqiang, one of the founders of the Republic of China, the pioneer and leader of the Xinhai Revolution, during the Huanghuagang Uprising in Guangzhou, he personally led more than a hundred death squads to attack the governor of Liangguang, Yamen, and after his right hand was injured, he still held the machine gun and did not let go.
Yu Youren, a famous calligrapher and politician in modern China, joined the League in his early years, was an elder of the Kuomintang, and one of the participants in the Great Revolution.
Liao Zhongkai, a modern Chinese revolutionary and patriot, was also a participant in the Great Revolution, also participated in the Dharma Protection Movement, actively praised and supported the student movement in the May Fourth Movement, and was one of the pillars of the Chinese Revolution.
Three heavyweight revolutionaries went to the train station together to see off another revolutionary, song Jiaoren, the great patriot.
A group of people is not huge, but it is also difficult not to pay attention. Song Jiaoren came to the railway station this time to go north to Beijing to attend the congressional meeting ceremony held in April.
Song Jiaoren was stabbed
After the Great Revolution in 1911, the fruits of the revolution were stolen by Yuan Shikai, and in order to realize his ambitions, Yuan Shikai, after becoming the provisional president, wantonly undermined the Provisional Covenant Law, for which Sun Yat-sen proposed three methods, that is, to require the provisional government to be set up in Nanjing, the president to take office in Nanjing, and the president must accept and abide by all laws and regulations. The result was naturally useless, Yuan Shikai refused to take office in Nanjing on the grounds of illness, and Yuan Shikai, who had a heavy army, was even more dismissive of various laws.
Unlike Sun Yat-sen, Song Jiaoren was prepared to restrict Yuan Shikai, or the president, by legal means. After the fruits of the revolution were stolen by Yuan Shikai, Song Jiaoren traveled around the various parties and reorganized to form the "Kuomintang", which made the Kuomintang the ruling party through the legal method of voting, and was given the power to form a cabinet to limit the president.
The purpose of Song Jiaoren's move north this time was to form a cabinet after the congress meeting and restrict Yuan Shikai in order to achieve democracy in China. However, no one expected that just as Song Jiaoren was preparing to board the car, the assassination occurred.
Song Jiaoren handed his ticket to the ticket inspector, and at the end of the ticket inspection, when he was preparing to take back his ticket, a dwarf came out and fired a shot at Song Jiaoren, Song Jiaoren was shot at the moment, but the assassin was worried that the first shot did not hit the key point, could not kill Song Jiaoren, and fired two shots in succession, after three gunshots, the dwarf immediately sneaked into the crowd and flew away, and during the time between shooting and the assassin fleeing, the patrol at the station never appeared.
After being shot, Song Jiaoren immediately shouted: "I have been shot."
Huang Xing and the others had not yet left, after the gunshots rang out, Huang Xing immediately supported Song Jiaoren, Liao Zhongkai and others while inspecting Song Jiaoren's injuries, while looking for the assassin, but because the patrol did not appear, the assassin had already fled.
Subsequently, Song Jiaoren was sent to the Shanghai-Nanjing Railway Hospital, and during the transportation process, Song Jiaoren already felt that his life was imminent, leaving three last words:
"All the books stored in Nanjing, Beijing and Tokyo were donated to the Nanjing Library."
"My family is very poor, the old mother is still alive, after I die, please take care of me."
"Please continue to struggle to save the country, and do not give up your responsibilities with me in mind."
After arriving at the hospital, because of Song Jiaoren's identity, the Shanghai-Nanjing Railway Hospital immediately found Dr. Gelben and Dr. Billinghas, the best medical doctors, to operate on Song Jiaoren, but it was not until the time of surgery that everyone found out that the bullet was poisonous. Yes, the bullet that assassinated Song Jiaoren was poisonous.
After the first operation, Song Jiaoren's condition did not improve, and the urine and blood began to urinate and urinate, and the situation was very serious. Several more surgeries followed, but Kankan allowed Song Jiaoren to live for an extra few hours.
Every time Song Jiaoren woke up from surgery and faced Huang Xing and others, he always thought not about personal safety, but the fate of the country, and he said to Huang Xing:
"Now that the foundation of the country is not solidified, and the people's happiness is not increasing, they will give up their hands, and there will be more hatred in death."
Until his death, Song Jiaoren still can't let go of the country, he is different from Sun Yat-sen, in the face of Yuan Shikai's strength, Sun Yat-sen thinks of restricting Yuan Shikai outside the law, but in fact, it is itching with his boots, completely ineffective, and Song Jiaoren is really finding a way, if he can go to Beijing, and then form a responsible cabinet, he can successfully limit Yuan Shikai, even if Yuan Shikai's wrongdoers can be passed on from generation to generation, but it will be like a constitutional monarchy, not to let democratic civil rights become an empty word, and as long as it succeeds, it will give China decades of development. China may not always be weak, but the conspirators have not given Song Jiaoren this opportunity.
At the time of his death, Song Jiaoren already knew that he could no longer contribute to the country, so he pinned all his hopes on Yuan Shikai, hoping that Yuan Shikai would "be open-minded, preach justice, and do his best to protect civil rights." If Yuan Shikai could do it, Song Jiaoren felt that he was "the day of death, the year of life." ”
From beginning to end, Song Jiaoren did not investigate who assassinated him, and if you want to say assassination, the biggest suspect is Yuan Shikai, if Song Jiaoren arrives in Beijing and forms a cabinet, Yuan Shikai will be emptied and deprived of power in his hands, so if someone does not want to see the composition of the cabinet, then Yuan Shikai should be the first. This is obvious to the discerning people, but Song Jiaoren did not say anything, not that Song Jiaoren was confused, but that he always put the country in front of the individual, and if he openly doubted Yuan Shikai, then the country would immediately fall into turmoil, and the revolutionary party and Yuan Shikai would erupt into conflict.
In the early morning of March 22, Song Jiaoren's life came to an end, and he only cared about two things in the end, one was the country and the other was his mother.
Song Jiaoren was born in 1882 in Taoyuan County, Changde City, Hunan Province, because Tan Si was running a newspaper at that time, his thinking was relatively open, and many people were exposed to many new ideas when they were young, and song Jiaoren was the same. And because Song Jiaoren was smart since he was a child, he entered Zhangjiang Academy very early. In 1902, when Song Jiaoren was 20 years old, he was originally interested in revolution and came into contact with more revolutionary ideas, and since then he has decided to embark on the revolutionary road, and the following year he met Huang Xing and became friends with Huang Xing. In 1904, Song Jiaoren and Huang Xing united a group of patriots to form the Huaxing Association.
Many people who participated in the revolution at that time liked to call Song Jiaoren "Fisher Father", and the origin of this name was also related to Song Jiaoren's uprising activities. After the establishment of the Huaxing Association, Song Jiaoren began to plan the uprising, but before he could start acting, the plan was leaked, the Qing government sent people to arrest Song Jiaoren, Song Jiaoren got the news in time, fled out, but when he fled to the river, he was cornered, just a fisherman passed by, saved him, and since then, he has regarded himself as a fisherman.
This escape allowed Song Jiaoren to become acquainted with Sun Yat-sen in Japan and form an alliance with him. The relationship between the League and the revolutionary groups such as the Huaxing Association is actually the relationship between the big trap and the small circle, and the League is an organization that gathers many revolutionary groups. After the establishment of the League, Song Jiaoren, while propagating new ideas and revolutionary spirit in various newspapers, planned domestic uprisings, such as the Shenyang Uprising in the northeast and the Huanghuagang Uprising in the south, with the participation of Song Jiaoren, although these uprisings basically ended in failure, but they gradually shook the foundation of the Qing government.
In the nearly ten years of revolutionary career, Song Jiaoren and other revolutionaries repeatedly lost battles, and finally launched a successful Wuchang Uprising on October 10, 1911, and then overturned the Qing government's notice in one fell swoop, although the fruits of the revolution were stolen by Yuan Shikai, but the success of the Wuchang Uprising could not be denied. It is worth mentioning that the planning and action of the Wuchang Uprising did not have much to do with Sun Yat-sen, who was still abroad at that time, and Song Jiaoren and others were the real heroes of the Wuchang Uprising.
Throughout Song Jiaoren's short life, most of the time he has been fighting for the revolution, paying a lot less attention to his family and less companionship to his family. Perhaps the longest period of time that Song Jiaoren spent with his family was three months before he was assassinated, and before he went north to Beijing, Song Jiaoren seemed to have a premonition, and went home to spend three months with his family, seeing his mother, wife and son who had not been seen for 8 years. Song Jiaoren's wife Fang Was 4 years older than Song Jiaoren, when Song Jiaoren was 31 years old and Fang was 35 years old, but the 35-year-old Fang clan already had a lot of gray hair, and in the years he left home, it was Fang who took care of his mother. Song Jiaoren's son was also older and could not even recognize his father, but Song Jiaoren did not know that six years later, it was his son who caught the last assassin who assassinated him.
After Song Jiaoren was assassinated, Huang Xing and others began to track down the assassin, and at 7 p.m. on the 23rd, the main envoy, Ying Jiaocheng, was arrested, and found correspondence between Ying Jiaoren and Hong Shuzu, secretary of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and Zhao Bingjun, the prime minister of state, and determined the identity of the assassin Wu Shiying who assassinated Song Jiaoren. However, the captured murderers were killed one after another in 1914, and Ying Kuicheng and Zhao Bingjun also died one after another, only Hong Shuzu was not caught for a long time. With the death of several important murderers, the assassination of song was covered with a layer of smoke, the real mastermind was not known, even the assassin Wu Shiying was also suspicious, and many sources showed that Wu Shiying was not a real assassin.
At the time of Song Jiaoren's death, his son Song Zhenlu was only 12 years old, but even though Song Zhenlu and his father did not live much time, from his mother's mouth, Song Zhenlu understood the greatness of his father's career and always regarded his father as his idol, so after his father's death, Song Zhenlu made his promise to catch his father's murderer.
The rest of the murderers are dead, and the only one who is still alive is Hong Shuzu, and Hong Shuzu has also become a target for Song Zhenlu. A boy's growth is often accompanied by pain, and the death of his father makes Song Zhenlu grow up overnight. At only 12 years old, Song Zhenlu has begun to pursue the murderer, inquiring about various information to determine the direction in which Hong Shuzu may have fled, and this investigation is six years long. In April 1919, Song Zhenlu finally determined the whereabouts of Hong Shuzu, and with the help of revolutionary comrades, Song Zhenlu successfully captured hong Shuzu, the murderer who participated in the assassination of his father, and sent him to court. Hong Shuzu was later sentenced to hanging, which was also the first case of hanging in China, and the executioner, because of his inexperience, the hanging directly cut off Hong Shuzu's neck, perhaps also by providence, and Hong Shuzu eventually ended up in a different place.
After catching his father's murderer, Song Zhenlu embarked on the revolutionary road like his father, and worked as an auditor within the Nationalist government, but unfortunately, Song Zhenlu only lived for 36 years and died in 1936. It is regrettable that Song Zhenlu died young, but fortunately, Song Zhenlu took revenge in his lifetime and did not leave too many regrets.
Father and son, can be said to be patriots, Song Zhenlu compared to his father, although the achievements are not high, but also made a lot of contributions to the country. Returning to Song Jiaoren, the death of Song Jiaoren has left a question for the whole of China - if Song Jiaoren does not die, is it possible to change Chinese history?
Song Jiaoren is a typical practical revolutionary, but I don't think Song Jiaoren can change history. Song Jiaoren's despotism towards Yuan Shikai is to counter Yuan Shikai within the scope of the law, which has already been said before, that is, through the formation of a cabinet to set up Yuan Shikai, first of all, the possibility of achieving this goal is almost negligible, because Yuan Shikai cannot sit still, so it is basically impossible for Song Jiaoren to form a cabinet.
Just as the so-called gun out of power, at that time Song Jiaoren did not have real power in his hands, and Yuan Shikai controlled a huge Beiyang Army, the Beiyang Army at that time can be said to be the largest military force in China, as long as Yuan Shikai did not give up military power, even if Song Jiaoren could become prime minister and form a cabinet, it could not have any substantial impact on Yuan Shikai.
But this is also my family's words, you have different opinions can be discussed below.