It was painted in mid-October 1928 in Jinggangshan, Jiangxi
One weeping compatriot, weeping again, the compatriot is now gone, but who bears the heavy responsibility;
Born as a class, died as a class, how about after class? The winner begins.
Jinggang Xiao will wang Erzhuo
Since the Nanchang Uprising, Wang Erzhuo has been following Zhu De around, and after arriving at Jinggangshan, his relationship with Mao Zedong was also very close, and he won the trust of Mao Zedong and Zhu De, and was appointed chief of staff of the Red Fourth Army and the commander of the main twenty-eighth regiment. He was full of confidence in the establishment of the Jinggangshan revolutionary base area. When his compatriot Yuan Chongquan became suspicious of the revolution, he said very seriously: "Is this what you said?" If we doubt whether the revolution can be victorious, we do not need it. On August 25, Yuan Chongquan really rebelled against the revolution and took away more than 300 Red Army troops. When Wang Erzhuo led his troops to catch up with Yuan Chongquan, he only said a few words, and Yuan Chongquan shot at Wang Erquan... In this way, a handsome warrior, a warrior with a strong storm, became the ghost of a traitor under the gun in an instant!
The Tomb of the King
After Zhu De heard the bad news that Wang Erzhuo was killed by traitors, he wept sadly, Zhu De's wife Wu Ruolan also cried, countless comrades around him cried, and the mountain was shrouded in sorrow and crying...
In early October, the Red Army held a memorial service for the martyr Wang Erzhuo in Ninggang, JinggangShan, which was drawn up by Mao Zedong himself, and Chen Yi wrote this elegy full of class friendship.
This joint recording is from the 22nd volume of "Biography of Figures in the History of the Communist Party of China" compiled by the Communist Party History Research Association, Shaanxi People's Publishing House, September 1985, page 99.
Because the original original manuscript of the league has been lost, the couplet is recorded through people's memories, because the time is too long, so there are small differences in various different versions, in order to facilitate people's understanding of the league, the different versions of this league are listed here for your reference.
Dong Saved's "In the Whirlpool of History" on page 307, which reads:
One cries Erzhuo, the second cries Erzhuo, Erzhu is now gone, but who bears the heavy responsibility;
Sun Baoyi's "Mao Zedong's Reading Career", 307 pages, this joint is written like this:
One weeping compatriot, and then weeping compatriots, the compatriots are now gone, and it is difficult for the workers and peasants to bear;
Born as a class, die as a class, what is the class concept? The liberated party is willing.
exegesis
1. [Wang Erzhuo] (1903-1928), a native of Shimen, Hunan. He is a member of the Communist Party of China, a member of the first batch of cadets of the Whampoa Military Academy, and after graduation, he served as the leader of the student team and the party representative of the Whampoa Military Academy. In 1924, he led a student team to participate in the suppression of the rebellion of the Guangzhou Merchant Group. In July 1926, he was appointed as a party representative of the 26th Regiment of the Third Army of the National Revolution. In 1927, he participated in the August 1st Nanchang Uprising and served as a regimental commander in Ye Ting's troops. In April 1928, he arrived at Jinggangshan with Zhu De and Chen Yi, and served as the chief of staff of the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and the commander of the 28th Regiment, playing an important role in the famous Battle of Longyuankou. On August 25 of the same year, he was killed by the traitor Yuan Chongquan in Chongyi, Jiangxi.
2. [Has] The original meaning is to stop. By extension here is the cessation of life, that is, sacrifice.
3. [Class] Classes have different interpretations in different disciplines. The Complete Works of Lenin
The explanation of the hierarchy is: "The so-called classes are such large groups, which have different positions in the historical system of production in a certain social system of production, and different relations with the means of production (which are mostly expressly stipulated in law). The so-called classes are such groups, and because of their different positions in a certain socio-economic structure, one of them is able to occupy the labor of another group. The class referred to in the league refers to the proletariat, that is, the working class, the peasants, the broad masses of the working people.
Appreciation
After Wang Erzhuo's death, many soldiers missed him infinitely, and the troops were in the stage of defeat, so for a while everyone was in a very depressed state of grief. In view of this, Mao Zedong issued an exclamation that "compatriots are now finished" in the bang, implying that he called on the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army to turn grief into strength and revitalize military prestige.
Wang Erzhuo has participated in the revolution since he was a child, born as a proletariat, and died as a proletariat, so where will the proletarian revolution go in the future? This was a common concern among the Red Army in Jinggangshan at that time, and even many people had doubts about the revolution like Yuan Chongquan. However, Mao Zedong firmly answered the question at the end of this couplet: "Victory begins!" It reflects Mao Zedong's firm confidence in the victory of the revolution, and also answers some people's questions about "how long can the red flag last?".
This couplet, at the beginning, brings people to sadness, "one cry", "cry again", and finally leads people to a situation where it is difficult to "accept love". But after the crying, the drying of the tears immediately raised a very serious question: Where will the proletarian revolution go if comrades sacrifice for the proletariat? In the end, the author turns grief into strength to give people a resounding answer, and it stops abruptly. Grasp people's psychology, get in, jump out, lead people upwards, mourn comrades-in-arms, and at the same time inspire the morale of the Red Army.
In order to emphasize the deep feelings with the "Erzhuo", to enhance the cohesion of the Red Army, and to emphasize the weight of the "class" (of course, the proletariat), Mao Zedong used five rhetorical methods of comparison, continuous beads, repetition, repetition, questioning, and questioning in a couplet with only 40 words:
Monument to Wang Erzhuo
"One weeps for our compatriots, and then weep for our compatriots," "Born as a class, die as a class," is a comparison.
"One weeping compatriot, one crying compatriot again, the compatriot is now finished!" The word "compatriot" in the second sentence and the "compatriot" in the third sentence are consecutive beads.
The "compatriots" in the upper league and the "class" in the lower league are both techniques that use tautology.
Shanglian "Who bears the heavy responsibility of staying behind?" " is a question sentence.
How about after the "class" downlink? Get the winner' side! "It's a question.
The use of these rhetorical methods increases the appeal of the couplet, improves the artistic effect of the couplet, and enhances the depth of the couplet. Mao's ability and level of control over language is evident from this.