Huang Yanpei's former residence is located at No. 1, Lane 74, Nanshi Street, Chuansha Town, Pudong New Area, Shanghai. The former residence was built in the ninth year of Qing Xianfeng (1859) by Shen Shuyong, the secretary of the cabinet and a prominent person. It was originally a three-story two-story mansion with a deep entrance, named "Neishidi", also known as the Shen Family Compound.
Huang Yanpei's grandfather Huang Dianmo was a student of the State, married Shen Shuyong's sister as his wife, and in the second year of Qing Tongzhi, at the request of his wife, the family moved to the "Neishidi" Shen family compound to live.
In the fourth year of Qing Guangxu (1878), on the sixth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar, Huang Yanpei was born in the front building of the east wing of the third entrance of the "Inner History". Huang Yanpei's father, Huang Shucai, was a Shanghai County Scholar, with a cheerful personality, a righteous and outspoken voice, and a scholarly demeanor, first engaged in private schools, and then entered the Guangdong Shogunate, became a tutor, and assisted in handling paperwork. Huang Yanpei has lived with his mother since he was a child, and her mother is also a good girl, knowledgeable, virtuous and kind, and has played a good family enlightenment education and spiritual influence for him. Huang Yanpei once praised his mother with poetry. "There are beautiful people in the world, and the most beautiful one is the mother; there are good people in the world, and the best is the mother."
Unfortunately, Huang Yanpei lost his beloved mother at the age of 13 and his father at the age of 17. At this time, his maternal grandfather Meng Yinyu, a very literate old school man, adopted their three grandsons and studied in the private school he ran. At the same time, he was often educated and cared for by his uncle Shen Yuqing's entire family. Shen Yuqing is the son of Shen Shuyong, and they are close to each other. In 1895, after the death of his maternal grandfather Meng Yinyu, Huang Yanpei moved back to the "Neishidi" Shen family compound of his uncle Shen Yuqing's family. In 1899, after Huang Yanpei participated in the Songjiang Provincial Examination and won the first place in the Zhongxiucai, he taught and read. This year, Huang Yanpei got married in the "Neishidi" Shen family compound and lived in the back room of the east wing on the third and second floors. He had 3 boys and 1 daughter until 1914, when the family moved to Shanghai Puxi Ximen Huangjiaque Dagu Road.
According to reports, between 1890 and 1904, song Yaoru, the father of honorary chairman of the state, and Ni Guizhen, the mother, lived here with their children for more than ten years. According to research, Song Qingling was born in 1893 in the "Inner History" Shen Family Compound on the west side of the first entrance to the courtyard along the street. There is also a cultural celebrity Hu Shi who also lived here. Therefore, this "inner history" Shen family compound - Huang Yanpei's former residence, there are many celebrities, thick history, it is worth visiting, admiring and learning.
At the gate is a classical and exquisite yi gate, with flying eaves and angles, brick carvings such as "Phoenix Play Peony" on the front, inlaid with the four characters of "Huatang Yingri" in the middle, and "Dehou Spring and Autumn" on the back. The whole building has a typical Jiangnan town style in the late Qing Dynasty. In front of the main building, there is a bronze bust of Huang Yanpei, and "Mr. Huang Yanpei" is written by Zhao Puchu. On the forehead of the door hangs a plaque of "Huang Yanpei's Former Residence" handwritten by Chen Yun. The former residence has a "Huang Yanpei Life Story Exhibition Room". There are many inscriptions by national leaders, such as Peng Zhen's inscription: "Commemorate the comrades-in-arms who fought for the liberation and construction of the motherland." Deng Yingchao wrote: "Carry forward the spirit of Huang Renlao's love for the motherland and advancing with the times." ”
There is also a motto written by Huang Yanpei for his children: "Reason must seek truth, everything must seek truth; words must seek faith, deeds must seek truth; things should not be idle, things should not be panicked; words must be done, no desire is rigid; and if the spring wind is like spring wind, if autumn frost is sought; take the image from money, the outer circle is inside." The first four sentences are to warn children that they must pursue the truth, the middle four sentences are the requirements for their children's daily life, and the last four sentences are used as a metaphor for the outer circle of ancient money, requiring children to be easy-going on the outside, solemn on the inside, modest and cautious, and not to show sharp edges. It can be seen that Huang Yanpei's painstaking heart for his children, especially the first four sentences are also Huang Yanpei's own motto.
Huang Yanpei kept pace with the times all his life, sought and forged ahead, from a feudal talent, devoted himself to education to save the country - industry to save the country - anti-Japanese to save the country. From a patriotic democrat, he embarked on the road of close cooperation with the Chinese Communist Party and became a close friend of the Chinese Communist Party. After the founding of New China, he became vice premier of the State Council and minister of light industry, vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, vice chairman of the National People's Congress, and chairman of the China Democratic Construction Association, and became one of the leaders of New China who are highly respected and respected.
Huang Yanpei's big shining point has two places in my impression. One is in July 1945, Huang Yanpei flew from Chongqing to Yan'an, and Mao Zedong's heartfelt words: "I was born for more than sixty years, I did not say what I heard, and what I saw with my own eyes was really the so-called 'its rise and fall, and its death was also sudden', one person, one family, one group, and even one country, many units have not been able to jump out of the dominance of this cyclical rate------ there are also those who have 'political slackening and eunuchs' in a history, there are also those who 'people die in politics', and there are also those who 'seek glory and humiliation'." In short, there is no way to jump out of this cycle rate. From the past to the present, what I have a little understanding of the CCP monarchs is that I hope to find a way to jump out of the domination of this cyclical rate. "Be open and honest.
After hearing this, Mao Zedong said firmly: "We have found a new way, and we can jump out of this cycle rate." This new path is democracy. Only by allowing the people to supervise the government can the government not slacken off, and only when everyone rises up and takes responsibility will no one die in the government. This is the famous "cave pair.".
In October 1950, Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou studied in what name they should send troops to resist the United States and aid Korea, and initially planned to use the name of "support army" to solicit the opinions of some democrats. After careful consideration, Huang Yanpei thought that it was inappropriate to send troops in the name of "support army", so he made a special visit. As soon as he saw Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou, he said: "There is a problem to be considered, since the ancient Taoist masters are famous, and if the name is not correct, it is not smooth, and this battle will not be easy to fight." Premier Zhou said: "We call the Support Army, as the name suggests, to support the Korean people!" Huang Yanpei disagreed, and he retorted: "Support troops, that was sent out." Who sent out support? Country? Are we going to declare war on the United States? ”
"Oh, that makes sense! reasonable! After listening, Chairman Mao, while responding, grabbed a pencil from the pen holder and crossed out the word "support" and changed it to the word "volunteer." Premier Zhou and Huang Yanpei looked at each other and said yes. This is the origin of the name "Chinese Volunteer Army", and it also fully reflects Huang Yanpei's bluntness, the wind and rain are in the same boat, and the liver and gallbladder are taken care of each other.
Huang Yanpei's unswerving patriotic conviction and pursuit of light and truth, as well as the spirit of long-term coexistence and sincere cooperation between democratic parties and the Communist Party of China, will always become a model for the people of the world to learn from.
Nine mouths2021-11-22