China's four famous works, "Water Margin", describe the story of Song Jiang leading 108 heroes and good men who were superior in martial arts or witty, challenged the imperial power of the Song Dynasty, and finally failed.
After Song Jiang recruited An, he reported to Emperor Huizong of Song: Our brothers went out on a campaign with one hundred and eight men, but now there are only about twenty people who have returned, and they have already lost eight or nine times.
Why did this vigorous peasant movement end in failure?
Let's take a look at how awesome Tokyo, the capital of the Great Song Dynasty, is, and we know that a good man in Liangshan, a good man, fighting against the Great Song is equivalent to touching an egg to a stone.
It is said that in 960 AD, Zhao Kuangyin instigated the Chen Qiao Mutiny, overthrew the Later Zhou, established the Great Song Dynasty, and set the capital kaifeng, which was then called Tokyo.
Jurisdiction: 17 counties: Junyi (later renamed Xiangfu County), Kaifeng, Chenliu, Fengqiu, Weishi, Zhongmu, Yangwu, Xiangyi, Yongqiu, Kaocheng, Fugou, Yanling, Taikang, Sour Jujube, Changyuan, Dongming and Xianping.
In the 168th year (960-1127) of the Northern Song Dynasty, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty was established, and it went through 9 generations of emperors of Taizu, Taizong, Zhenzong, Renzong, Yingzong, Shenzong, Zhezong, Huizong and Qinzong.
With the strength of the country, the construction of the capital has played an important role in the prosperity of Tokyo.
The Song Dynasty built the three castles of Tokyo four times, namely the Imperial Castle, the Inner Castle, and the Outer Castle, in 968, 1016, 1078, and 1116. 5 miles around the imperial city, magnificent; 20 miles around the inner city 155 steps; 50 miles around the outer city 165 steps.
The roads in the city are crisscrossed by royal streets, which are well-connected in all directions, with reasonable layout and grand scale.
The capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng, benefited from the water transport of the BeiHe River and the richness brought by the Yellow River
water resources. The Beihe, Caihe, Jinshui, Wuzhanghe and other rivers run through the city of Tokyo, bringing in a steady stream of materials from all over the country, especially in the southeast, so that Tokyo is in a favorable position of "the hub of the world" and "the salty passage of all nations".
Tokyo was the political center of the country at the time, with a population of 1.5 million, making it the most populous city in the world at the time.
A variety of central institutions were set up here, and 800,000 forbidden troops were stationed here.
The imperial relatives, high-ranking officials and nobles, and princes will be equal to as many as 30,000.
Postal services are widely available, issuing imperial decrees and decrees from Tokyo to the whole country.
Tokyo was the economic center of the Great Song Dynasty, and handicrafts and commercial activities were very concentrated. handiwork
Divided into two parts, government-run and private, the main industries are silk weaving, shipbuilding, printing, equipment manufacturing, weaving and dyeing, production, pen and ink manufacturing and food processing, etc., with more than 80,000 practitioners.
At the time of Makoto, Ayakin-in Temple was a large-scale handicraft workshop with more than 1,000 people and more than 400 looms.
During the time of Emperor Shenzong, only the south and north of the military weapons were made, and there were nearly 10,000 craftsmen.
The wide range of handicrafts and the number of employees in the private handicraft industry are unprecedented.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, the commerce of Tokyo was no longer restricted by the box system, forming a new commercial pattern of open and mixed square style. Workshops are opened on the street, and shops of various sizes are lined up in the streets and alleys of the city.
Literature records that at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, there were more than 6,400 industrial and commercial households in Tokyo City, and 89 small traders and hawkers. Among businessmen, "millions of assets are at most, and hundreds of thousands abound." The area around Zhouqiao and Xiangguo Temple is the most prosperous area of the commercial street, with concentrated shops, sufficient goods, prosperous markets, and lively. The market in Xiangguo Temple is open every month, and "tricks and tricks are rampant, and there is no collection." The treasures of the four directions are gathered in the middle." There are night markets in Zhouqiao, Longjin Bridge, Mahang Street and other places, or "cars and horses are crowded, do not stop"; or "through the xiaoda Dan, the river flows endlessly". Due to the steaming smoke of the night market lights, Mahang Street makes "mosquitoes and gnat traces".
The Song Dynasty was the most prosperous dynasty in ancient Chinese history in terms of economy, culture and education. The gross national product is 26.55 billion US dollars, accounting for 60% of the total world economy; Gdp per capita was $2,280, compared with $427 in Western Europe during the same period.
In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, with the development of the market economy, there were "Jiaozi shops" in the Chengdu area of Sichuan Province. The depositor delivers the cash to the shopkeeper, who fills in the amount of the deposit on a paper roll made of paper and returns it to the depositor, and charges a certain storage fee. This kind of paper coupon that temporarily fills in the deposit amount is called the handover.
In 1023, Jiaozi was first circulated as official legal tender, called "Guanjiaozi". Jiaozi is an important invention of the Chinese, paper money officially issued by the government earlier, is also considered to be the world's earliest use of paper money, six or seven hundred years earlier than the United States (1692), France (1716) and other Western countries issued paper money.
"Tokyo Dream Hualu" is a song Dynasty Meng Yuanlao's notebook essay, created in
In 1127, it was a book that recorded the customs and customs of the city of Kaifeng Province in the Northern Song Dynasty. The book is divided into 10 volumes, covering the capital, Ouchi, Hedao, Zhusi Yamen, restaurants, streets, market miscellaneous sales, folk festivals, night markets, etc., and describes in detail the urban architecture, urban appearance, business services, civic life and travel activities of the royal family and nobles in Kaifeng, Tokyo.
During the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, the court painter Zhang Zeduan's famous work "Qingming On the River Map" was praised as "the first god of China".
This painting, divided into three sections, realistically recreates the bustling scenes and natural scenery on both sides of the Bian River in Tokyo before and after the Qingming Festival.
His other work", "Jin Mingchi Contention Map", uses the combination of dynamic and static techniques, with the dragon boat contending for the standard as the center, to summarize and depict the whole scenery of Jin Mingchi, reproducing the spring travel customs and prosperous scenes of the officials and the people enjoying the opening of the pond in Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty: the traffic and water in the capital city, the rap art in the Goulan Tile House, the charm of the women in the Qinglou Leaning on the Door, the shouting and shouting on the market, etc., one by one, jumping on the paper, suddenly in front of the eyes, making people dream back to the millennium.
Song ci represents the highest achievement of Song Dynasty literature, sentences are long and short, easy to sing, has always competed with Tang poetry, and called double absolute, representative figures mainly include Su Shi, Xin Shuyi, Liu Yong and Li Qingzhao.
In 1127, the Northern Song Dynasty was destroyed by Jin. The establishment of the Southern Song Dynasty and the name of the capital city lin'an (present-day Hangzhou) show that for a long time, Tokyo Kaifeng was still the capital of the Song people.
Tokyo was the cultural center of the Great Song Dynasty. It is embodied in many aspects such as politics, economy, culture and society. Including enlightened political culture, active ideological culture, prosperous commercial and economic culture, innovative development of science and technology culture, a hundred flowers of poetry and painting culture, innovative architectural culture, popular folk culture and so on.
The contribution and influence of the Great Song Culture to Chinese civilization is enormous.
The city of Tokyo also had a great influence on the later capital city, and the capital of the Jin Dynasty (present-day Beijing) was one
It was modeled on the construction regulations of the Northern Song Dynasty's Tokyo City, and was absorbed by the capital of the Yuan Dynasty (present-day Beijing).
