In the two hundred and sixty-eight years of the history of the Qing Dynasty, the Kangqian dynasty accounted for a full half of the time, and it was precisely in the three dynasties of Kangxi, Yongzheng, and Qianlong that over the past one hundred and thirty years, the number of literary prisons was the largest, and it increased year by year, and the range of people who suffered from literary prisons became wider and wider, from the scholars and doctors of the imperial court to the common people.
Yin Jiaquan's case occurred during the Qianlong period, and he never made mistakes during his official period, but after he retired, he wrote a song and submitted it to the Qianlong Emperor, and after the Qianlong Emperor read it, Long Yan was furious, so he immediately gave Yin Jiaquan death, and in prison Yin Jiaquan ate two pieces of meat and drank three glasses of wine, and finally the Qianlong Emperor saw it and let him go.
We can see the economic prosperity of Kangqian's prosperous world and the people's peace and contentment, but we cannot see the harshness of the literal prison under the prosperous world. We can see the clarity of the officials under the prosperity of Kangqian, but we can't see the words of the people who have been unjustly killed.
After the Qing army entered the customs, the anti-Qing movement often occurred in the three dynasties of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong, and the text prison had a characteristic, that is, through the text prison to suppress the anti-Manchu ideas of some scholars, in order to strengthen the centralization of power and consolidate the rule of the imperial power, so the imperial power reached its peak state during this period.
During the Qianlong period, most of the violators of cultural prohibitions were intellectuals among the people at the bottom, even including ordinary people, and in more than one hundred and thirty literary prisons, the number of ordinary people reached fifty times. The Qianlong Emperor prosecuted these people not because they really had anti-Manchu ideas, but mostly because they were chasing the wind and shadows.
As long as civilians make mistakes, they are often involved, and these become farces. Finally, the cultural ban is becoming more and more stringent, and in the case of Dai Mingshi's "Nanshan Collection", Dai Mingshi believes that after the fall of the Ming Dynasty, the Southern Ming Dynasty composed of the remaining forces of the Ming Dynasty in Jiangnan should not be brushed over, so a different view has emerged.
Modern views hold that the editing of history books requires a dialectical view of history, but the Kangxi Emperor executed him for the crime of "arrogance and impulsivity" of Dai Mingshi, and other relevant personnel were exiled to Ningguta.
Yin Jiaquan had a very high academic talent when he was young, took the imperial examination as an adult, and raised a person in the thirteenth year of Yongzheng, and then embarked on the road of career. After zhongju, he became an official in the imperial court, and after being elected, he served as a waiter in the Punishment Department and an envoy in Shanxi.
Soon after, due to his outstanding talent, he was promoted to the position of Dali Temple Secretary of Zhengsanpin. Not only that, because of his extensive knowledge, he was also appreciated by the emperor, and he was given the right to impart the knowledge of the royal children by the emperor.
The imperial court has been an official for decades, conscientious and diligent, at this time Yin Jiaquan is already seventy years old, yin Jiaquan, who is more than half a hundred years old, has reached the retirement age, the Qianlong Emperor learned of this, he gave him to return to his hometown to enjoy his old age in his hometown of Boye, Hebei, and Yin Jiaquan, who returned to his hometown, became a local highly respected person.
When the Qianlong Emperor traveled to Hebei, he summoned a very famous local person but did not summon himself, which made Yin Jiaquan feel that he was very faceless, and the unwilling Yin Jiaquan wrote two notes and submitted them to the Qianlong Emperor, hoping to find his own face in front of the Qianlong Emperor.
I could have spent the rest of my years happily, but one thing broke the original happiness. Yin Jiaquan believed that the Qianlong Emperor would summon himself when he passed through Hebei, because he was a minister who had contributed to the state before he retired, and the Qianlong Emperor would definitely summon himself, but the greater the expectation, the greater the disappointment.
These two recitals are all written in the name of Yin Jiaquan's father, Yin Huiyi, who is proficient in "Taoism", so he attaches great importance to "filial piety", and even takes "filial piety" as his own synonym, when Yin Huiyi was an official, because the official Qinglian was loved by the local people, after his death, he entered the ancestral hall established by the local government to sacrifice officials.
The first of Yin Jiaquan's recitals was to win the title given by the emperor for his father Yin Huiyi, and the second was to ask the Qianlong Emperor to take his father Yin Huiyi and some famous courtiers who had contributed to Jiangshan Sheji, such as Tang Bin and Li Guangdi.
Tang Bin He Xuren was a famous political figure of the Qing Dynasty, with the title of Wenzheng, and Li Guangdi was even the crown prince Taifu, who was stationed in the Xianliang Temple. After writing the recital, Yin Jiaquan sent someone to present the recital to the Qianlong Emperor in Baoding, while he himself waited at home for "good news".
When he saw that the Qianlong Emperor Long Yan was furious and approved the fold, he wrote: "Fixing the title is a major national event, how can we ask for it in vain?" The Qianlong Emperor read Yin Jiaquan's filial piety and did not punish him. However, Yin Jiaquan insisted on making a splash, and then presented the second book to the Qianlong Emperor, who was furious after reading the recital.
This is because the Qianlong Emperor once said: "I call the old man of gu rare has been announced to the world, but Yin Jiaquan dares to call himself an old man of ancient rarity" Soon after, Yin Jiaquan was ordered to prison. In prison, he saw his books burned, and soon after the Qianlong Emperor ordered Yin Jiaquan to be hanged.
Immediately, the undertaker charged Yin Jiaquan, and Yin Jiaquan's family property in Beijing and Boye was all confiscated, and all the books he wrote were listed one by one. There are many words in these books that should not appear, the most influential of which is the word "ancient rare old man".
Yin Jiaquan's "ancient rare sin" is a typical literal prison, but according to other documents during the Qing Dynasty, Yin Jiaquan was not hanged. It turned out that before Yin Jiaquan was executed, the Qianlong Emperor ordered someone to send a banquet to Yin Jiaquan, who was in prison, to send him off, and Yin Jiaquan, who looked down on life and death, ate two pieces of meat and drank three glasses of wine, and then calmly accepted the upcoming hanging.
When the Qianlong Emperor learned of this incident, he was quite touched, thinking that Yin Jiaquan was loved by the people when he was an official, and he worked diligently for the imperial court, imparting knowledge to the children of the royal family and nobles, and if I pardoned his crimes, I could also reflect his benevolence.
The literary prison during the Qing Dynasty had a great influence on later generations, especially the literary prison during the prosperous period of Kangqian, and it can be said that the literary prison in this period was the most cruel suppression of the feelings of many literati and inkers. Yin Jiaquan's case was only part of the literal prison that took place during the Kangqian dynasty, and many more innocent people lost their lives and became tools for the rulers to strengthen their rule.
Under the influence of the word prison, most of the literati during the Qing Dynasty did not dare to express any views, resulting in their loss of the integrity that belonged to the literati, and they would only blindly read and take the road of career, it was precisely because the text prison led to the social progress and development of the Qing Dynasty, and finally after the prosperity of Kangqian, the Qing Dynasty began to decline, thus lagging behind the tide of world development.