<h1>Welcome to pay attention to the headline number "Writing Hu", your footprint is "Write Hu"! </h1>
Recommendation: Don't forget the Chongyang custom: can't go back to spend time with your elderly parents, so say hello
Text/Chen Erhu
(The picture shows the Khitan culture of Shidian County, which has preserved the Khitan descendants Yamen - Shidian Changguansi, the Khitan descendants ancestral hall - Papaya Hammer Ah Mang Jiang Ancestral Hall, and the Khitan descendants Mang Chenglong Memorial Site - Yuwangtu Main Temple.) ）
【About the author】Chen Erhu, pen name Hongye, is a Khitan of the Mongolian ethnic group. Deputy Secretary-General of the Weng Niu Te Banner Writers Association.
【This article is published with the authorization of the author】
(A group of pictures of khitan descendants of the Daur people)
<h1>(1) "Yin Shan Women's Song" love song</h1>
Planting jade is not satisfied with the furrow, and planting flowers is easy to fill the branches.
Yusheng sent the stone to its own place, and Hua Fei learned with the wind.
Chan Juan Cui hair Yin Shan woman, can speak Chinese for Han costumes.
Chun Xin did not know who it was, and the night played the pipa tears like rain.
……
Concubines ride on oil wall lang by horse, and Xiling pine cypress is inky.
The new joy is not old and sad, and the water is winding and winding.
Zhou Zhou's feathers are more than wings, and they are born to know each other.
Although not enough, clear the road dust, as if it were a stone on the mountain!
The Northern Song Dynasty minister Liu Chang went out to the Khitan and heard and witnessed a touching story of the khitan maiden and the Han scholar's life and death, and wrote this "YinShan Women's Song" with great emotion, and the sea vowed that the mountain alliance "Although it is not enough, the road is dusty, as if it were a stone on the mountain!" "I can't help but shake my heart.
Indeed, the Khitan women's pursuit of love is more free, more unrestrained, more sincere, more enthusiastic, and more touching than the Han women who are bound by feudal etiquette. It is the legend about the ancestors of the Liao, the scenery of a scene of love, and the woman driving the green cow gives the posterity unlimited reverie. The fairy who drives the green bull cart in the legend is actually the woman of the nomadic tribe who uses the "green cow" as the totem symbol in reality, and in the place where the Tuhe River and the Huangshui River meet the heroic men with the "white horse" as the totem, they love each other, marry each other, and reproduce into the image of the "Khitan Eight Parts" and "Green Cow Concubine" (the woman driving the green cow), which is forever printed in the minds of every Khitan people, and is admired by her for generations.
The original meaning of the Imperial Family Yelü and the Later Clan Trial (the Khitan Hou Clan Xiao Clan was first the Second Trial Secret, that is, The Bali and the Yi Room, and the Sun surname among today's Mongols is the ancient Trial Secret) Its original meaning is from the ancient white horse and green cow.
If the "goddess" who drives the green cow is the idol of the entire Khitan women, then the Khitan women in reality, for love, also bring us romantic and poignant legends. Tracing their traces, we will see that Khitan women do have a style that Han or other ethnic women cannot match. Their charm comes from their unique personality, beauty, intelligence and talent.
<h1>(2) Khitan "dynastic festivals": shooting willows, hitting horns, and striking bows</h1>
One side of the water and soil to nurture the other side, the Khitan people live in the area is called "pine desert" (with today's Chifeng City area as the center, the LiaoHe River in the south to impact the plain, the north by the Daxinganling Mountains, the west control of the Yanshan Foothills, the east of the Northeast Plain), during which the rich material resources and unique geographical environment provide a unique material foundation and living space for the development and growth of the Khitan people.
The Guangpingdian Grassland in Liaoyong Prefecture (today's Baiyin Tara Grassland in the east of Weng Niu Te Banner in Chifeng City), during the summer solstice, the Khitan people called it "Chaojie", and nomadic people within a radius of 100 miles either rode horses or drove, gathered in Guangpingdian (Guangpingdian was the seat of the Khitan Emperor's winter bowl), held activities such as shooting willows, horns, and bows, and there were bonfire evenings and wine banquets in the evening.
Shooting willow, that is, the game activity of comparing archery skills, comes from the "weeping forest" custom of the northern nomads, and absorbs the relevant content of the "shooting ceremony" of the Han people in the Central Plains, and integrates the rewards and punishments, banquets and other contents of the "shooting ceremony" in the Central Plains with the "vertical willow branches" of the Xianbei people's "weeping forest" activities, forming a unique "shooting willow" custom of the Khitan people.
(Elder Daur)
In the "Jin Shi Li Zhi", it is said: "The play of shooting willows and hitting the ball is also vulgar, and Jin Yin shangzhi is also vulgar." The willow pitch is divided into two rows, and when the shooter is in the order of honor and inferiority, each with its branches, about a few inches to the ground, and its skin is cut and white. First, a man gallops the horse to lead the way, and then the horse shoots it with a featherless horizontal cluster of arrows. That is to say, those who break the willow and go away are the first, and those who are broken and cannot be picked up are secondary. Or those who break their green and middle and cannot break and do not are negative. Every time he shoots, he will cut the drum to help him. ”
After the willow shooting is over, the winner is rewarded with a golden veil, and the loser is to take off his clothes to humiliate him. The willow shooting is usually in the fourth, fifth, and sixth trimesters, and is often associated with rain prayer activities, and today the Mongolian sacrifice Ao Bao has the legacy of the Khitan "shooting willow".
Horned, now Mongolian wrestling.
Bowing is a kind of polo. According to historical records:
Each of them used to practice horses and held a bowing staff. The staff is several feet long, its end is like a crescent moon, divided into two teams, competing for a goal. Before the stadium south of the double fence, set the board, open a hole for the door, and add the net for the sac, can win the bow into the sac. Or "The two ends are opposite to each other, and each side is opposed, and each wins by entering." "Balls the size of a fist, wooden.
The festival is generally presided over by the local administrator, Yongzhou, which is the place where the Khitan people first flourished, and Guangpingdian is the seat of the Khitan Emperor's winter bowl, which is actually the "imperial capital" of the Khitan activities. Therefore, the "Dynasty Festival" in Yongzhou Guangpingdian is relatively grand, and the activities start from the first day of the summer solstice and generally last for three days. This is the summer grassland event, the grassland crowds are surging, people shout horses, young people who are good at riding and shooting are packed up, riding saddle horses, carrying bows and arrows, and coming together, and the girls on the grassland are also dressed in costumes to see the boys.
The Khitan people's marriage and love are relatively free, and every time the festival is celebrated, it also provides opportunities for young men and women to meet and fall in love.
<h1>(3) The Han teenager Ma You meets the Khitan maiden Buddha Nu</h1>
In the crowd of people, a descendant riding a white horse in Han costume is very eye-catching, and the horse is handsome, and this rider is envied.
Who is this Han teenager? His surname is Ma Mingyou, and he mentions that the Ma family is unknown to everyone on the grassland. The Han, Zhao, Liu, and Ma of the Han people are the Wang clans around Youyan, known as the "Four Great Families", and are a political group second only to the imperial Yelü clan and the Hou clan Xiao clan.
(Daur Maiden)
In the crowd of people, there is a pair of eyes that are clear, and they have been paying attention to Ma You, this is a pair of bright eyes of a young girl with spring, this is a pair of eyes as clear as water, this is a pair of eyes that convey affection, this is a pair of wonderful stars. This Khitan girl was called Fo nu.
Beauty can be said to be what every woman wants to have, but not every woman is born with it.
Ma Yu felt this fiery gaze, and he saw her standing out like a flock. He slowly rode his horse, her beauty was not beautiful enough, but there was an indescribable charm, attracting him, more and more auspicious to find it charming, as if this girl was a huge treasure, waiting for his discovery, her every move, every smile was deep in the bone marrow. Among the Khitan girls, she belonged to the delicate and tall kind.
"Are you Han Chinese?" She asked him generously.
"Yeah, what's special?"
"You must be an extraordinary man!" He had never seen a girl look at him with such a fiery and affectionate gaze, the slightest wisp. He jumped off his horse.
(Daur woman in the costume of a noblewoman)
"How?" He fell in love with her, which is called love at first sight.
She muttered a small mouth, and her vivid face was feminine: "Your behavior is different from theirs, are you an emissary of the Song Dynasty?" She looked at him intently, as if to discern his exact identity.
"Have you ever seen a Song Dynasty emissary?"
"Of course I've seen it, but I'm not as handsome as you."
"That's the way it is." Ma Yu smiled and was very willing to communicate with her: "I am not an emissary of the Song Dynasty, I am a messenger of this dynasty." ”
"You won't lie to me..." The two men invariably walked away from the hustle and bustle and into the depths of the prairie...
The love story of the Khitan maiden Yelü Fonu and the Han teenager Ma You was passed on to the Central Plains by Liu Chang, which made the poets very emotional.
<h1>(4) The style of Khitan women interprets a scene of love</h1>
Khitan girls may be the most distinctive and individual female group in the northern region of China, which is not only manifested in their unique external image of pride and pride, but more importantly, they have obvious regional cultural characteristics and personalities that are difficult to find with girls of other ethnic groups. Compared with the Han Jiaowa in the Youyan area, they have more vivid faces and more sincere feelings; compared with the soft-spoken southern red pink, they have a taller figure and more charming style; compared with the girls of all nationalities around them, they have more agile thinking and more attractive temperament.
This seems to stem from the fact that there are large areas of forest and endless grasslands in the pine desert area, which regulate the local microclimate and affect human survival. The Khitan people, the main part of which is a branch of the ancient Donghu people, but in the process of their reproduction and growth, they have integrated many surrounding ethnic groups, intermarried with each other, integrated, optimized the human race, and became more and more beautiful and smart.
(Dream of Khitan, brilliant Chinese Daur national costume culture)
Khitan women are not naturally beautiful, but overall they are very dignified and looking, very ordinary, and they will not be annoying, and there is no traditional cultural constraints. The grassland gives the Khitan people a bold, bold, enterprising and heroic atmosphere, and women are more rigid and soft, both intellectual and courageous, sincere and sincere, flesh and blood.
The love between the Khitan maiden Yelü Fonu and the Han scholar Ma You embodies the Buddha's pursuit and fascination for love, if women are water, then Khitan women are wine, a kind of wine with a long history, far-reaching aftertaste, strong and refreshing, refreshing wine...
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