"Give you one last chance, as long as you publicly declare that you are out of conjugal relations with Mao Zedong, you will be free."
Yang Kaihui's answer is only "no", she bluntly said that the revolution is to die, the future road is to rely on a group of indomitable people to step out, those ladders piled up with the flesh, one day will make the masses of the people climb to the top, at that time, the revolution can be regarded as real success.
Sister-in-law Sun, who has followed the nanny for many years, saw this scene and couldn't help but turn her back and cover her face with her hands (wǔ) to prevent the tears from flowing too fiercely. She had also persuaded Yang Kaihui many times that she was knocked unconscious by a bowl of sticks every day, and was awakened by the smelly cold water, what was the purpose?
Picture | Yang Kaihui
In fact, from a long time ago, Yang Kaihui was ready to die for the revolution, and when her aunt came to visit the prison, she asked her aunt to make a set of green cloth clothes for herself, and she wanted to go on the road with a backbone. Yang Kaihui knew when he was young that his father had admonished him at home: As a member of the Yang family, even if he dies, he will not do the act of a layman.
On November 14, 1930, Yang Kaihui, a mother of three children, was shackled and escorted by the executioner (guì) to Liuyang Gate Literacy Ridge. A burst of gunfire sounded, and Yang Kaihui, who was only 29 years old, fell heavily to the ground, and the flying dust did not cover his scarred body. Before she died, she left only two last words: "I am not sorry to die, but I hope that the revolution of Runzhi will succeed as soon as possible." Sacrifice me small, success I am big. ”
Blood splashed all over the barren grassland, and Yang Kaihui only had a faint breath. Carrying two shots, she endured the pain and used her hands to cut two large pits in the ground. At noon, the guards reported to Yao Chuzhong: "That woman did not completely lose her breath!" However, the enemy would not be soft-hearted, the sound of the shell gun sounded again in the empty place, Yang Kaihui's cold body was pierced by a hard bullet, and the blood flashed red under the sun. In this death sentence, she was actually shot twice in the body and then made up for one shot!
Yang Kaihui's righteous details are really tragic!
Figure | Yang Kaihui (oil painting)
At the moment of falling into the killing field, time goes back to the juvenile years of Kaihui and Runzhi's classmate Qia.
On November 6, 1901, Yang Kaihui was born in Bancang, Changsha County, Hunan Province, his father Yang Changji was a scholar dedicated to saving the country and saving the people, although the society at that time was still feudal and backward, and women did not have the corresponding social status, Yang Kaihui had the characters (Yunjin) and number (Xia) that other female babies did not have.
His father, Yang Changji, had a clean wind in his sleeves, and people around him often honored him as "Mr. Itakura", and his advanced ideas had a profound impact on Yang Kaihui very early on. He was also a teacher at the First Normal School in Hunan, and in his early years he traveled abroad to devote himself to the patriotic cause. He was a rigorous and erudite scholar who was popular with his students, especially Mao Zedong and Cai Hesen.
Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui met by such a coincidence. Mao Zedong often came to his home as a guest, analyzed the current situation with Yang Changji, and when it came to oppressed peasants, he was often filled with righteous indignation and a mighty spirit, and when it came to international events, he sat in meditation and patted his robe. That year, Yang Kaihui was 12 years old, and he was naturally attracted to see such a vigorous big brother.
Pictured| Yang Changji
Year after year, Yang Kaihui came out more watery, and Mao Zedong still often took the people's livelihood matters to heart as before, and became more and more prosperous. For some time, when Mao Zedong visited Yang Changji again, he met Yang Kaihui, a young adult. Yang Kaihui has long had a good feeling for him, and his inexplicable feelings have grown vigorously.
Seeing more scenes of discussing the social situation, Yang Kaihui also germinated revolutionary thoughts in her heart, believing that Marxism-Leninism in Mao Zedong's mouth could crack the weak status quo in China. At the age of 19, she made clear her ideal of becoming a staunch revolutionary worker, consciously joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League, became the first member of the Hunan League, and in 1920, she joined the Communist Party of China, becoming the first batch of women in Hunan Province to join the Communist Party.
In the same year, she and Mao Zedong held a simple wedding in Changsha, and the two decided to "not do the act of laymen", one would not do the dowry, the second would not buy a new house, the third would not sit in a flower palanquin, and the fourth would not set up a banquet. On that day, even the marriage room was rented, and after eating the table, it was a wedding ceremony, and Yang Kaihui and Mao Zedong officially married as revolutionary partners.
The unusual wedding of Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui also caused great repercussions at the time, and their marriage was praised by their friends. Although the two lived happily after marriage, they both paid attention to the same issue, that is, the construction of the Communist Party of China and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Yang Kaihui and Mao Zedong studied Marxism-Leninism together, actively carried out various activities, and the two helped each other. But Mao Zedong did not indulge too much in the sweet married life, and soon he was tasked with saying goodbye to his wife. Although Yang Kaihui did not give up, she did not complain, she knew that the person around her was carrying the whole nation in his heart.
Yang Kaihui contributed her limited time to society and the people, she often discussed with other communist team members the connection between China's national conditions and the basic principles of Marxism, and after serving as an officer of the Federation of Students, Yang Kaihui actively played the leading role of party members and raised funds for the "Chuanshan Society".
The picture | old photo of the Funayama Society
Yang Kaihui took on various positions such as secretary, confidentiality, printing, liaison, and general affairs at Mao Zedong's side, and became Mao Zedong's indispensable right-hand man. Mao Zedong often praised Yang Kaihui and said, "My secretary can copy faster than a typewriter." ”
When Mao Zedong came to Hunan to inspect the peasant movement, Yang Kaihui classified and sorted out a large amount of materials related to the movement, and in order to facilitate preservation, he also copied it neatly. Yang Kaihui regarded the party instructions drafted by Mao Zedong, the strike declaration and other documents as more important than the material property of the family, and she put the documents into a jewelry box used to put earrings and other supplies, she knew what kind of threat the Chinese revolution would face if the documents were leaked, until she was arrested, Yang Kaihui had been treasured by this "pillow box".
Yang Kaihui is not only very conscientious and responsible in the handling of work, but also very concerned about Mao Zedong's personal safety. When they were living in Qingshuitang, the organ of the Xiang District Committee of the Communist Party of China, in order to cover up the identity of the CCP members, Yang Kaihui also took his mother, Mrs. Yang, over.
Yang Kaihui even hung a large mirror on the back wall of the guest hall, through the mirror to observe the surrounding movements, she never felt trouble, even at night to get up to look at several times, always observe the situation outside the house, afraid that the enemy sneaked in, threatening Mao Zedong's life safety, as long as Mao Zedong held a party meeting in the house, Yang Kaihui must go back and forth outside the house to put the sentry.
Mao Zedong worked day and night outside, his body gradually could not eat, Yang Kaihui felt sad in his eyes, looking at her husband's increasingly thin figure, anxiety and heartache in the stomach swirling. She always accompanied Mao Zedong, took care of his food and living, and at the same time did her best to ensure his personal safety, and successively accompanied Mao Zedong to Shanghai, Shaoshan, Guangzhou and other places to engage in revolutionary activities. Despite living a life of upheaval and displacement, she has always supported Mao Zedong, and in order to reduce Mao's workload, she has worked harder and harder to complete various tasks.
Yang Kaihui was entangled in a mountain of affairs, she did not feel tired, because this fatigue is valuable, she found a different kind of happiness in it, Mao Zedong's firm belief in the revolution constantly inspired her, and China's bright future beckoned to her from afar.
Figure | Nanchang Uprising (oil on canvas)
In August 1927, an uprising broke out in Nanchang, and the Communists sounded the clarion call for armed resistance to the Kuomintang. The next day, the Kuomintang realized that the strength of the CCP should not be underestimated (qù), began to poison the Communists and revolutionary progressives, openly maintained the appearance of Guotai Min'an, gathered troops to garrison the surrounding areas, and gathered a large number of secret agents behind their backs, trying to infiltrate the Communist Party and directly attack huanglong.
In September, the Autumn Harvest Uprising broke out in Pingxiang, on the border between Hunan and Jiangxi, and the Communists held high the banner of "power out of the barrel of a gun" and took the lead in setting up a revolutionary base area at Jinggangshan. Not long after, the Red Army took advantage of the victory to pursue and launched an active attack on Changsha in an attempt to liberate part of the countryside, but the victory at that time laid the groundwork for a more fierce counterattack by the Kuomintang, and the revolutionary situation became more and more urgent.
In the past few years, Mao Zedong traveled all over China, returned to Hunan along the road from Beijing, went deep into the countryside to observe the people's feelings, and a pair of cloth shoes traveled through various counties and rural areas in Hunan, and finally established the view that the peasants were the main force of the revolution. Since then, the spark of revolution has been burning from the countryside, walking a new road in which the countryside surrounds the city, looking forward to the day when the plains can be burned.
As one of the core figures of the revolution, Mao Zedong ran from east to west to gather the strength of peasants from all sides, and the revolutionary struggle was in full swing . The Kuomintang saw that the revolutionary fire of the Communist Party was getting more and more vigorous, and Hunan also showed a situation of large-scale uprising, and its hatred for Mao Zedong deepened by one point, especially the Hunan warlord He Jian, who received orders from above, so he offered a heavy reward and vigorously pursued Mao Zedong.
At this time, Mao Zedong was already unable to protect himself, on the one hand, the revolutionary front needed his guidance, and on the other hand, the Kuomintang was in hot pursuit, vainly trying to blackmail Mao Zedong. Before the revolution began, Mao Zedong was ready to hang his head on the waistband of his pants. The revolution was in full swing, and in order to go to the front, he could no longer take care of his wife and children at home.
Her wife, Yang Kaihui, was at home, and her only one-way contact with Mao zedong was the daily newspaper about the bandits, and she was eager to hear about Mao Zedong, but she did not want his name to appear on the report, because that would mean that he might be in a wolf's den.
Yang Kaihui could not wait for her husband to return, and the white terror had spread to her hometown of Changsha, she was worried about her mother's safety, so she returned to her hometown Bancang with her eldest son Mao Anying, second son Mao Anying, and third son Mao Anlong, and did not expect that this departure would really never wait.
Yang Kaihui's life in her hometown is also very unstable, the situation outside is turbulent, her family is poor, she has no stable economic resources at this moment, and her three children are waiting to be fed, under such difficult conditions, Yang Kaihui has not forgotten Mao Zedong and thinks of him all the time. Many local Communists were also persecuted, and Yang Kaihui became more and more worried about the safety of her husband on the revolutionary front.
Hunan warlord He Jian failed to catch Mao Zedong, had to take his family to open the knife, as Mao Zedong's wife, Yang Kaihui was inevitably targeted by the "murderous maniac" He Jian, but Yang Kaihui was not afraid of the suppression of the reactionaries, even if He Jian publicly offered a reward and threatened to use a reward of 1,000 oceans to arrest Yang Kaihui's people, Yang Kaihui was not moved, but the safety of the family was tied to her.
Figure | What key
Yang Kaihui was afraid that they were in danger, sneaked home overnight, how did he know that his whereabouts were discovered by secret agents, Yang Kaihui and his son Mao Anying, nanny Chen Yuying were arrested by the enemy on October 24, 1930.
After twenty days in prison, the enemy tortured Yang Kaihui day and night in a vain attempt to force her to confess the list of underground party organizations and Mao Zedong's whereabouts. Watching Yang Kaihui, who was full of vigor at that time, getting weaker and weaker day by day, his messy hair collapsed on Yang Kaihui's face, that face did not have a trace of blood, the clothes on his body were torn apart by the leather whip, and the dry blood clots were all over the clothes.
He Jian saw that Yang Kaihui did not eat this set of hard, so he invited Yang Kaihui's friend Li Shuyi to use this layer of friendship to persuade Yang Kaihui. However, Yang Kaihui was unusually resolute, and she told Li Shu to stop talking, no matter what, she would not disassociate herself from Mao Zedong.
Even in the marriage life of separation than reunion, Yang Kaihui always has a beautiful belief in love, she respects her husband from the bottom of her heart, for her, Mao Zedong is not as simple as a lover, they are inseparable comrades-in-arms, and they are confidants who cherish each other. Yang Kaihui was not moved in the slightest, as Mao Zedong's wife, she suffered a lot in her life, but she had a responsibility on her shoulders, always maintained a look of righteousness and awe-inspiring party membership, and showed a strong and indomitable revolutionary integrity.
She never cried out in pain or begged for forgiveness after severe torture, but she felt guilty in the face of 8-year-old Mao Anying. In this life, she was never afraid of death, and even felt that it was a relief, but such a fierce woman was afraid that her family would not be well taken care of.
When she was escorted out of the cell by the prison guards, Mao Anying pulled the corner of her clothes from behind, and those young little hands refused to relax for a second, and the tears of Dou Da dripped on the back of Yang Kaihui's hand. She couldn't help but turn back, hugged Mao Anying and began to choke.
This is the last dialogue between mother and son, every sentence is Yang Kaihui's reluctance to the family, she encourages her son to live strongly, take good care of his brother, to be distressed about his father who is running away, so that Yang Kaihui can not let go, and the unfinished revolutionary cause of the Communist Party, she regrets that she will no longer be able to share the work for Mao Zedong in the future.
A few gunshots, several ambitions ended in temporary regret, and many years later we remember this iron-boned female warrior, and at the same time we will not forget that she was also a tender and watery kennai. In the process of Mao Zedong's revolution, Kaihui has always played the role of a virtuous wife and a good helper, even if a lot of work is pressed on her, she can handle the work in an orderly manner, but when facing her sweetheart who is thousands of miles away, she cannot convey the thoughts hidden in her heart to his heart.
At that time, the revolutionary situation was becoming more and more unoptimistic, Mao Zedong was in the field for a longer time, and there was no news from the back, and Yang Kaihui lost contact with Mao Zedong for nearly a year, until one day he received a letter from an underground party member.
Yang Kaihui excitedly opened the letter, which was a familiar handwriting that had not been seen for a long time, and on it was a code word: I am doing business here, and now the business is improving. Holding Mao Zedong's letter for a long time, Yang Kaihui wiped away his tears and wrote a poem, entitled "Even Feeling", which was full of thoughts about him: "Is it also miserable?" The letters are not accessible, and there is no one to ask. Hate the unmatched flying flying (hé) and fly to meet the Zi people. The people are not allowed to see it, and there is no time to worry about it. No one could have imagined that this letter was actually Yang Kaihui's last letter to her husband, and this letter was sent out and never heard back.
In that war-torn era, how heavy emotions a letter carries, a person's life and death seem particularly small. Mao Zedong, who had traveled south and north, only saw the report a month after Yang Kaihui's death, and the white paper and black characters were printed in front of Mao Zedong's eyes, he put down the newspaper, stood quietly by the window, and began to think back to his acquaintance with Yang Kaihui, who had known each other for nearly ten years, but the time that could accompany her was countless, he was away for many years, often busy forgetting his wife and children, not to mention that there were often letters sent home, and his wife lived alone with several young sons.
Pictured| Mao Zedong
Thinking of this, Mao Zedong was so sad that he did not say a word. After a while, he wrote a letter to the Yang family, a few words carrying tens of millions of sorrows, he wrote in the letter: "Kaihui's death, a hundred bodies can not be redeemed." ”
Yang Kaihui's death came very suddenly, but it was not an accident, as if she had long been doomed to shed blood for the revolution. She had said that in addition to being born for her mother, she was also born for Mao Zedong, and if Mao Zedong and his mother left first, or if Mao Zedong was hunted down by the enemy, no matter what, she would rush to death without hesitation and meet them under the Yellow Spring. But she did not expect that as Mao Zedong's wife, she would be the one who was persecuted to death first, and she ran to the execution site empty-handed, leaving behind a constant thought.
How many moments, Mao Zedong wanted to go back to the past, spend more time with his wife who had been snubbed for a long time, write a lot of love poems for her, and let her really do a time without worrying about her husband all day, without independently pulling the wife who grew up with three children, he had too many words and did not say to Yang Kaihui, there were too many debts that had not been made up. He wanted to see what Yang Kaihui was doing day and night when he wasn't at home, was it to take care of his children and stay up all night? Are you worried about chai rice oil and salt? Do you still always lean against the window and miss him?
Mao Zedong did not expect that his wife Yang Kaihui also had a thousand words to talk with him for a long time. She wrote the story in diaries and letters, hid them in gaps in her bedroom walls, and didn't find them until 1982 by workers repairing the house. Those dusty memories were able to flow slowly, unfortunately, at this time, Mao Zedong had already died 6 years ago, and he never had the opportunity to open a stack of letters (luò) and see Yang Kaihui's concern for him.
Figure | Yang Kaihui's handwriting
The yellowed letters record the sweetness of her acquaintance with Mao Zedong, who wrote in her love letters on his birthday: "Teach me how not to love you? I'm going to kiss your eyes, I'm going to kiss you a thousand times. In the face of the small contradictions in getting along, she seemed to be a little girl, and there was a little more playfulness in her words, she wrote: "We are all proud people in our bones, and at that time I wanted to hide my heart that loved him and let him not see." ”
She had also doubted whether she could defend the family herself, but she had proved with her actions that she could always do it. In front of her relatives, Yang Kaihui always stood alone and never showed a vulnerable side, she was a filial daughter, a strong mother, a virtuous wife, and a loyal party member.
But when night fell, only dim lights accompanied her to talk for a long night, looking at the sleeping children on the bed, Yang Kaihui would also think: If I leave, what can these children do? But when she opens the diary, everything is missing her husband, and she will also think: Will he already be in danger? Although she is a soft-hearted woman, she has a steely boy's heart, and tens of millions of deep affection are given to the family and the Communist Party. Freedom is the success of the revolution for her, so she resolutely chose to sacrifice herself in the face of coercion and inducement.
Mao Zedong wrote an unknown number of documents about the revolution in his lifetime, but there were not too many poems written to his wife Yang Kaihui, and even fewer were recorded and preserved. For the first time in his life, Mao Zedong wrote a long and delicate love poem for him and Yang Kaihui (chì) hot love, "Yu Meiren Pillow": "Xiaolai's hundred thoughts are all gray, and there are still shadows left." A hook of remnants of the moon flows westward, and there is no reason not to shed tears. ”
In 1923, with a look of guilt on his face, he forced himself to write a second song with grief, when Mao Zedong was tasked with attending a conference in Guangzhou, and Yang Kaihui was pregnant and could not go with him. On the day of the separation, Yang Kaihui still held his stomach to send Mao Zedong to the station, Mao Zedong knew that after joining the revolution, there were many crises, and each time the difference was particularly precious, at this time, he did not know when he would come back.
Pictured| Li Shuyi (front row left) and Mao Zedong (front row right).
In 1957, nearly thirty years after Yang Kaihui's death, he wrote a poem to give to Li Shuyi, one of which reads: "I lost my pride in Yang Jun and lost my willow, and Yang Liu's light flutter (yáng) went straight up to the ninth day of the heavy Xiao. ”
As soon as this word came out, Zhang Shizhao (zhāo), who had a tacit understanding with Mao Zedong, wondered why Yang Kaihui was obviously a woman, but he used "proud" instead of "petite", Mao Zedong's statement was that women lost their heads (heads) for the revolution, and they were not proud? It turned out that in Mao Zedong's heart, Yang Kaihui's existence was no longer as simple as that of his wife at home, and a deeper revolutionary friendship was integrated into love.
Mao Zedong even found Chen Yuying, the nanny who was imprisoned with Yang Kaihui, and asked about the little bit of his wife who was in prison, and every excavation of details made Mao Zedong more deeply aware of his wife's dedication to the revolution as if it were death, and at the same time, the guilt and endless thoughts in his heart came even heavier. Runzhi's revolution has been successful, but Xiagu, who swore to protect her family to the death, has not yet returned.
Picture | Yang Kaihui and Mao Zedong
With the hot screening of "1921", Yang Kaihui, a revolutionary and enthusiastic young man, once again entered our lives, and now that the mountains and rivers are beautiful and the world is peaceful, those who hold the banner to open up the road can smile comfortably.
Li Qin, the actor of Yang Kaihui in the movie, said in an interview: "Yang Kaihui seems to be that era, seemingly lively and active, carefree person, but in fact, his heart is full of national events. She could fight for her family and the revolution. In that case, her thoughts went beyond the average woman of the same age. She can not only run a good family, but also do her work to the extreme, which can be said to be very perfect. ”
Until now, Yang Kaihui, who is loyal and virtuous, is also a model for women. For the revolution, she is a woman who does not let her eyebrows be raised; when it comes to love, she is the leader of the small family jasper; when it comes to the family, she is full of loneliness and carries a piece of heaven.
The world must not only remember the greatness of Runzhiwei, but also not forget the courage of Xiagu before she died!