Among the founding kings of China, the reputation of Emperor Wu of Jin is not too good, in fact, he did not make any major mistakes during his reign, the only miscalculation was to pass the throne to the crown prince Sima Zheng, who was the Emperor Hui of Jin, a famous "idiot emperor" in Chinese history. When I was studying history in junior high school, I always had a question, if Emperor Hui of Jin was an idiot, then was Emperor Wu of Jin also an idiot? As the founding prince of the country, although he also had the factor of inheriting the family business of the Sima family, but the elimination of Eastern Wu was a solid achievement, and during his reign, he was known as the "rule of Taikang", and the lord who could play the "sheep car patrol luck" was naturally not stupid, so why would he be stupid enough to pass the throne to the "idiot son"? Isn't that harming him? In fact, there is another hidden plot in this matter.
Emperor Wu of Jin's sheep cart patrolled the harem map
In Chinese history, the Western Jin Dynasty has always been a special dynasty, he and the Qin Dynasty, Sui Dynasty, not only unified the world, but also quickly towards the demise, the difference is that Qin and Sui died at the hands of tyrants, the western Jin Dynasty ruled the basis of the collapse in the hands of the Jin Hui Emperor. War and turmoil ensued, and China's history entered an era of great division. Therefore, many people regret that if the emperor who succeeded to the throne was not Sima Zheng, perhaps history would be rewritten. So how "idiot" is Sima Zheng?
Global map of the Western Jin Dynasty
The Book of Jin clearly records two stories of Sima Zheng. Once, Sima Zheng was playing in Hualin Garden, when he suddenly heard a toad calling, so he asked the attendants on the left and right: "Is it an official or a private family?" Left and right then fooled him and said, "In the official land for the official family, in the private land for the private family." The second one is even more funny, at the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the world was in chaos, and the people starved to death, and after Sima Zheng heard about it, he actually replied: "Why don't you eat meat?" (Why don't they drink porridge?) ）
The so-called Zhizi Moruo's father, didn't Emperor Wu of Jin really not know that there was a problem with this son's IQ? In fact, it is indeed an exaggeration to say that Sima Zheng is an idiot, because idiot refers to a mental infantile disease. Patients have low intelligence, sluggish movements, low language skills in light cases, and inability to take care of themselves in heavy cases. The history books only say that Sima Zheng is "unwise", to put it bluntly, he is more stupid, and he was raised in the deep palace, and he did not know the fireworks in the world, so he made such jokes.
Later, during the Rebellion of the Eight Kings, The Servant Ji Shao was killed for protecting Sima Zheng, causing blood to splash the imperial clothes, and Sima Zheng lamented deeply. Afterwards, he was ready to help him clean his imperial clothes, but Sima Zheng replied, "This servant is bleeding, don't go." "To have such awareness is naturally not an idiot. For example, when Sima Lun the King of Zhao usurped the throne, Sima Wei the King of Yiyang and Luo Xiu, the King of Huangmenlang, forced Sima Zheng's jade seal, and later Sima Lun was overthrown, and Sima Zheng was reinstated, and he said to the courtiers: "Api twisted my finger and snatched the seal in my hand, and I must not kill it." "This Api is Sima Wei's small character."
Of course, it is true that Sima Zheng is stupid. Moreover, Emperor Wu of Jin knew more or less about this son, so he was also worried that he could not take up the heavy responsibility of inheriting the throne, and once secretly consulted with Empress Yang to depose him. However, Empress Yang thought: "How can Lizi be moved by his longevity and not with his talents?" In fact, Empress Yang also knew that Sima Zheng's IQ was problematic, but she first had to consider her own family, at least when Sima Zheng ascended the throne, the Yang family could control the government, so she opposed the deposing of Sima Zheng.
As for the prince's IQ problem, the government and the public were aware of it, and the chancellor often reminded Emperor Wu of Jin. Zhongshu Ling and Yu once said to Emperor Wu of Jin: "The crown prince has the style of chungu, and the last days are too false to fear His Majesty's family affairs." He Yu said very euphemistically, only saying that Sima Zheng's Dai was "with the wind of Chungu", Emperor Wu of Jin was an understanding person, of course, he knew that he was saying that the prince was too stupid, but Emperor Wu of Jin was only silent after listening to it.
Sikong Weihuan also wanted to start Emperor Wu of Jin deposing the crown prince, but he swallowed it every time he wanted to say it. Later, Wei Huan took advantage of the opportunity of the banquet to pretend to be drunk, and then knelt down in front of Emperor Wu of Jin's bed and said, "The subject wants to enlighten." Emperor Wu of Jin asked, "What is the evil of what gong said?" However, Wei Wan, who wanted to say it again, repeated it three times, still did not dare to say it, so he had to touch Emperor Jinwu's bed with his hand, and said meaningfully: "This seat is a pity!" Emperor Wu of Jin suddenly realized and understood his intentions, but he only said according to his meaning: "Gongzhen is drunk? Wei Ou said nothing more here.
The reason why Emperor Wu of Jin was confused twice was not that he intended to do it, but that the issue of the crown prince's abolition involved too widely, but it was not only the problem of the prince himself being old and stupid, but also the more complex political interests behind him. As far as Sima Zheng's abolition was concerned, the Western Jin dynasty court at that time could be divided into at least several major groups, with the civilian official clique tending to depose the crown prince and replace Sima You, the prince of Qi, while the foreign relatives group insisted on supporting the crown prince in order to preserve the family's glory and wealth. Therefore, Sima Zheng's eventual succession to the throne was actually the result of the mutual struggle between the two major groups and the synthesis of emperor Wu of Jin's personal preferences.
King Qi and his subjects
To understand the struggle between these two groups in detail, we must first understand Sima You, the King of Qi. Sima You was sima zhao's second son, the younger brother of Emperor Wu of Jin, and was known in history as "Shao and Qi Ling" (少而嶷). And long, clean and peaceful, pro-virtuous and charitable, love of classics, can belong to the text, especially good ruler, for the world. Even "only to see the right of Emperor Wu", so both Sima Yi and Sima Zhao loved him very much. Sima Zhao, because his brother Sima Shi had no heirs before his death, passed Sima You over to him. Not only that, Sima Zhao even repeatedly claimed that after his death, he would let Sima You succeed him, on the grounds that: "The world under the heavens, the king of Jing (Sima Shi), I will take the throne, and after a hundred years, the great cause should be returned to you." ”
Two Jin dynasty diagrams
Sima You was Sima Zhao's second son, and the eldest son was Sima Yan, the Emperor of Jinwu, and Sima Zhao loved Sima You the most. If this was the case, then why would Sima Zhao pass him on to Sima Shi? It may be that Sima Zhao wanted to pass the throne to Sima You, but he was wary of violating the patriarchal system and was resisted by the courtiers, so he passed Sima You over to Sima Shi, and then claimed that his world was fought down by Sima Shi, so he could only pass it on to Sima Shi's son after his death. Doing so is a double eagle, not only showing that he does not forget the virtues of the old grace, but also passing on the throne to his most beloved son.
However, the world is unpredictable, Sima Zhao eventually established Sima Yan as his son, the reason is that Sima Yan has the support of the family clan, including wenxi pei clan, Taishan Yang clan, Pingyang Jia clan and other rich people. At that time, the relationship between Sima Yan and The Marquis of Guannei was very unusual, and Yang Xuansu knew that Sima Zhao did not like Sima Yan very much, so he helped him to give advice and suggestions, and observed the shortcomings of the current politics, so that Sima Yan could remember in advance, in case Sima Zhao could answer the question like a stream.
Not only that, when Sima Zhao was preparing to make Sima You his heir, he was opposed by Lang Shantao, a Shangshu official, who said: "It is ominous to abolish the long and establish the few, and it is ominous to violate the etiquette." Jia Chong, then a regular attendant of the Scattered Horse, also said: "The Zhongfu Army (Sima Yan was then the Zhongfu Army) had the virtue of a monarch and could not be easily changed. The ministers He Zeng and Pei Xiu also said: "ZhongfuJun is intelligent and divine, has supernatural talents, and is expected to be prosperous, so is the appearance of the heavens, and it is not the face of the people." Sima Zhao realized that Sima Yan had gained the support of many ministers, and had performed well recently, and finally established Sima Yan as his son.
Sima Zhao's mind was meticulous, and he was worried that Sima Yan would persecute Sima You after his death, so before his death, he specially told Sima Yan about the encounters of Liu Chang, the king of Huainan in the Western Han Dynasty, and Cao Zhi, the king of Chen Si in the Wei Kingdom, and even with tears in his eyes, he pulled Sima You with one hand and Sima Yan with the other, and then placed Sima You's hand on Sima Yan's palm to warn the brothers not to fight. Before Sima Yan's mother died, she also said to him with tears in her eyes: "Tao Fu has an impatient personality, and you, the elder brother, are not kind, if I can't get up, I'm afraid you won't be compatible, so I specially instruct you not to forget what I said!" ”
In general, Sima Yan was still very good to Sima You, at least remembering the teachings of his parents, and did not take any revenge on him after he ascended the throne, and even "the friendship was very strong". Due to the stupidity of the crown prince Sima Zheng and the outstanding talent of Sima You, the courtiers naturally hoped that Sima Yan would pass the emperor to Sima You, and if Emperor Wu of Jin considered state affairs, passing the throne to Sima You was indeed the best choice.
However, one thing is undeniable, Sima Zhao's repetition on the issue of establishing an heir must have made Sima Yan unforgettable, so on the issue of heirs, he would be more or less affected by this matter.
Hongnong Yang clan
At least two of the Western Jin Dynasties could be called foreign relatives at that time, namely the Hongnong Yang clan and the Pingyang Jia clan. The Yang clan was the foreign family of Sima Zheng's mother, Empress Yang, and the Jia clan was the foreign family of Sima Zheng's wife, Jia Nanfeng.
Hongnong Yang clan left many legends in Chinese history, starting from the Western Han Dynasty Minister Yang Chang, successive dynasties have people in the dynasty as high officials, especially in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yang Chang's grandson Yang Zhen was an official during the Eastern Han Dynasty when Emperor Guangwu was an official, and his sons Yang Bing, Sun YangCi, and yang Biao, all of whom were officials to the Third Duke, and the Yuan clan of Runan, can be called "Four Dynasties and Three Dukes", which shows the high prestige of Yang's county.
During the Western Jin Dynasty, on the one hand, the Scholar Group Wei and Jin were graceful, and on the other hand, the people were starving for thousands of miles
At that time, the daughter of Hu Fen, the general of the Zhen Army, was a noble concubine and was favored by Emperor Wu of Jin. Empress Yang became seriously ill in 274, and she feared that Emperor Wu of Jin might make Hu empress, and that it would threaten her position as crown prince. So she dragged the sick body and rested on the lap of Emperor Wu of Jin like a bird, and said with tears: "Yang Zhi, the daughter of Uncle Yang Jun, has both beauty and feminine virtue, and may Your Majesty be a concubine." Emperor Wu of Jin was very touched and naturally agreed.
Empress Yang's dedication of Yang Zhi to Emperor Wu of Jin was well-intentioned, and she was able to retain both Sima Zheng's position as crown prince and the family's political position. Moreover, Yang Zhi was indeed "graceful and virtuous, beautiful and pepper room", so after she entered the palace, she was very favored by Emperor Wu of Jin, and was soon made the new empress.
Therefore, the two empresses of Emperor Wu of Jin were actually cousins, the former name was Yang Yan, and the later name was Yang Zhi, both of whom were born to the Yang clan of Hongnong. Yang Zhi's father, Yang Jun, was a man of small stature, immorality, and incompetence, but because Yang Zhi was favored by Emperor Wu of Jin, he was promoted to the rank of CheQi general and given the title of Marquis of Linjin. Shang Shu ChuQi and Guo Yi both went to Emperor Wu of Jin and warned him that Yang Jun's temperament was small and he could not be the weight of sheji, but Emperor Wu of Jin did not listen.
Also favored by Emperor Wu of Jin were Yang Jun's two younger brothers, Yang Jue and Yang Ji. At that time, Emperor Wu of Jin thought that there was nothing to do in the world and no longer paid attention to political affairs, so these three people began to take power, known as "Three Yangs", the power of the world, the old ministers of the DPRK and China were many times withdrawn, and the Rebbe Shangshu Shantao had many exhortations, but Emperor Wu of Jin "realized and could not change." ”
After Yang Jun came to power, he became more and more proud, and Hu Fen advised Yang Jun that he should restrain himself, saying: "You are getting stronger and stronger with your daughter. Looking at the history of previous generations, those who are related to the Son of Heaven have not suffered the scourge of annihilation, but only sooner or later. Yang Jun did not think so, and asked rhetorically: "Isn't your daughter also in the Tianzi family?" Hu Fen replied, "My daughter is just your daughter's slave, what profit or loss can she make?" ”
It can be seen that the Hongnong Yang clan had considerable power in the Western Jin Dynasty, not only the two empresses of Emperor Wu of Jin were from the Yang clan, but the civil and military officials also had many protégés of the Yang clan, and they of course supported Sima Zheng's succession.
Binh Duong Jia
Compared with the Hongnong Yang clan, the Pingyang Jia clan is worse. The history of the Jia clan is not long ago, the late Years of the Eastern Han Dynasty was able to rise, the father of the crown princess Jia Nanfeng was the founding hero of the Western Jin Dynasty, Jia Chong, the character GongLu, Jia Chong's father was the Yuzhou Assassin Shi Jia Kui in the Cao Wei period, and the Jia clan arose in the hands of Jia Kui, because the history books did not record who Jia Kui's father was, and his grandfather Jia Xi was also mentioned, indicating that the social status of his father's ancestors was not high. Jia Chong was ridiculed by the Shangpinshi clan because of the lack of prominence in his ancestors.
Jia Kui was both literate and martial, and Cao Cao, Cao Pi, and Cao Rui III, because of their many military achievements, eventually became the Marquis of Yuzhou and the Marquis of Yangliting from a small county official. After Jia Kui's death, Jia Chong attacked his father, at this time Sima Shi was actively usurping power, Jia Chong defected to Sima Shi, and even assassinated Cao Xi, the Duke of Gaogui Township, under his command, so he was even heavily valued by Sima Zhao.
Before Sima Zhao's death, Sima Yan asked him about the afterlife, and Sima Zhao only said one sentence: "Jia Gonglu, who knows Ru, is also." It means that he hopes to reuse Jia Chong, which shows Sima Zhao's trust in him. Moreover, the reason why Sima Yan was able to be established as the son of the world, Jia Chong also made a lot of efforts. Sima Yan received the throne as emperor, and also worshiped Jia Chong as a general on horseback, a regular attendant on horseback, and a servant of Shangshu, and was also made the Duke of Lu County, with Jia Chong's mother Liu Shi as Lady Lu Guo. After Jia Chong revised the Jin Law, he served as Shang Shu Ling on Pei Xiu's behalf, and soon changed his name to Chang Shi (常侍) to ShiZhong (侍中).
However, Jia Fufeng was not very talented, and he was hypocritical and flattering, and he and the ministers Xun Xun, Xun Xun, and Feng Zhen became partisans, and they hated each other from top to bottom. Once, when Emperor Wu of Jin asked Pei Kai about the gains and losses of the current government, Pei Kai directly pointed the spearhead at Jia Chong, saying: "Since Your Majesty ascended the throne, the four seas have inherited the wind, and the reason why Dehui has not been able to compare with Yao and Shun is only because there are still Jia Chong's disciples in the imperial court. People with both moral integrity and ability should be summoned to promote the way of government together, and should not let the people of the world see that you have a personal preference for employing people. ”
Then there was Ren Kai, who was a servant at that time, and Yin Yuchun of Henan was at odds with Jia Chong, because Shi Zhong was a close minister of the emperor, so Jia Chong wanted to cut off Ren Kai's position as a servant, so he told Emperor Wu of Jin that Ren Kai was loyal and reliable and should serve in the Eastern Palace, and Emperor Wu of Jin did not know that there was a contradiction between the two, so he let Ren Kai serve as the prince's young fu, but continued to serve as a waiter, and Jia Chong's plan was also in vain. At this moment, the function of the humble bald tree in Hexi could invade the land of Qin and Yong in the Western Jin Dynasty, and Emperor Wu of Jin was deeply worried. Ren Kai wanted to take the opportunity to take revenge on Jia Chong, so he suggested to Emperor Wu of Jin that a prestigious and strategic person should be sent to pacify Hexi Xianbei, Emperor Wu of Jin asked who could take on this post, Ren Kai naturally recommended Jia Chong, and Emperor Wu of Jin then appointed Jia Chong to command the military forces of Qin and Liang Prefectures.
Jia Chongli was unwilling to take office, and once he was far away from the power center of Luoyang, he would lose everything. However, the date was approaching, and the courtiers went to the Sunset Pavilion to entertain him. Jia Chong quietly asked for help from his friend Xun Xun, who was originally a member of Jia Chong's party, and fearing that jia chong would also lose power after he left, he suggested that Jia Chong's daughter marry the crown prince, only in this way could he stay in the court. Jia Chong had no other plan, and it was of course a good thing if he could marry his daughter to the prince, so he asked Xun Xun to help him say goodbye. Xun Xunxian said to Feng Zhen, "If Duke Jia travels far, you and I will lose power, and now that the crown prince is not yet married, why don't you and I persuade Emperor Wu to accept Jia Gong's daughter?" Of course, Feng Zhen agreed.
At this year, Sima Zheng was only 13 years old, but at that age it was normal to talk about marriage, and at that time, Emperor Wu of Jin was preparing to give the crown prince a concubine, and he took a fancy to one of the daughters of Sikong Weiwan. After Jia Chong heard about this, he asked his wife Guo Huai to bribe the people around Empress Yang and let Empress Yang speak for the Jia family. Empress Yang then told Emperor Wu of Jin that she should marry the daughter of Jia Chong, but Emperor Wu of Jin said: "The daughter of Duke Wei has five ke, and the daughter of Jia Gong has five no:: the wei family man Ding Xingwang, the Wei family is virtuous and beautiful, slender and white-skinned." Jia Chong is childless, the male is weak, Jia is jealous and ugly, short and dark-skinned. However, Empress Yang insisted on marrying Jia Nu, and together with Jia Chong's henchmen Xun Zhen, Xun Xun, and Feng Zhen, they all strongly praised Jia Nu as extremely beautiful and talented, and Emperor Wu of Jin obeyed their advice and accepted Jia Nu as a crown princess.
Interestingly, when Sima Zheng married his wife, there was another accident, Jia Chong actually had four daughters, Emperor Wu of Jin said that the short and ugly was Jia Chong's third daughter Jia Nanfeng, and Yang and Jia Chong's henchmen recommended Jia Chong's fourth daughter Jia Wu, so Emperor Wu of Jin agreed to marry Jia. However, Jia Wu was only 12 years old at the time, not yet developed, and could not wear adult clothes, but the marriage contract had been decided, and Jia Nanfeng had to put on the wedding dress to cross the door.
In fact, for Jia Chong, it did not matter whether Sima Zheng succeeded to the throne or Sima You succeeded to the throne, because Jia Chong was not only Sima Zheng's father-in-law, but also Sima You's father-in-law, and Sima You's wife was Jia Chong's eldest daughter Jia Quan.
Emperor Wu of Jin was seriously ill, and at that time, all the courtiers thought that he was likely to die; if Emperor Wu of Jin really died, it would naturally be Sima Zheng who would succeed to the throne. However, most of the Manchu Dynasty Wenwu turned to Sima You, and at this time, Yin Xiahouhe of Henan even said to Jia Chong: "Qing's second son-in-law, the relatives are equal. Li Ren Dang Li De. Jia Chong did not make any statement, he knew very well that no matter who he supported, it would not be beneficial.
Sima You was a man of integrity, and Ping Suri hated Xun Xun and Feng Zhen very much for their flattering behavior, so they were also hated by them. After Emperor Wu of Jin's illness improved, Xun Xun and Feng Zhen said to Emperor Wu of Jin: "If Your Majesty's illness cannot be cured, Gongqing will return to his heart and the King of Qi, even if the prince is humble, he will eventually die." Therefore, the King of Qi should be allowed to return to his fiefdom to stabilize the world. Feng Zhen's words were very heavy, and Emperor Wu of Jin certainly understood that if he really died, the prince would be young and stupid, and it was estimated that he would not be spared. He accepted Feng Zhen's opinion.
Emperor Wu of Jin's decision
No matter how the courtiers and foreign relatives made trouble, it was Emperor Wu of Jin who could really decide who would succeed him. So how did Emperor Wu of Jin decide? Was the throne passed on to Hyun Myung's younger brother, or to his own son? Obviously, whether it is for the sake of Jiangshan Sheji or for Sima Zheng's consideration, passing the throne to Sima You is indeed the best choice, after all, with Sima Zheng's IQ, it is very difficult to keep the throne, and once he loses the imperial power, then his life will not be able to protect himself. However, Emperor Wu of Jin finally chose Sima Zheng, and it should be said that this decision did have personal feelings in it, but it was also the result of his comprehensive consideration.
Sima Yan, the Emperor of Jinwu, although he was not a Ming Lord, could not be said to be dimwitted
Emperor Wu of Jin felt that Sima Zheng was just not smart
He Yu and Wei Wan either explicitly or implicitly reminded Sima Zheng of his IQ problem, and Emperor Wu of Jinwu certainly knew that his son's IQ was not high, but he actually did not know how stupid this stupid son really was, so he had also tested Sima Zheng with examination questions.
One day, Emperor Wu of Jin specially set up a banquet, ordered all the officials of the Eastern Palace to participate, and then sealed some of the chapters that even the ministers decided not to come down, and sent them to the Eastern Palace to see how Sima Zheng handled it. Emperor Wu of Jin naturally wanted to find out how capable his son really was, and beware of his cheating, he specially transferred all the officials of the Eastern Palace, but Emperor Wu of Jin still miscalculated. At that time, Jia Nanfeng was already married to Sima Zheng, and when he heard the news, he was very worried, and immediately found an outsider to answer the questions in place of Sima Zheng, quoting scriptures and even quoting many ancient meanings when answering the questions. When his attendant Zhang Hong saw the situation, he thought it was inappropriate, so he said: "The prince does not learn, His Majesty knows, and the answer to the edict quotes more ancient righteousness, And His Majesty will definitely picket the ghostwriter, but it will aggravate the prince's fault, but it is better to take it directly." Concubine Jia was very happy to hear this, so she said to Zhang Hong, "Just answer for me, rich and noble and Ru together." Zhang Hong then began to prepare a draft, and then asked Sima Zheng to copy it in his own handwriting, and Emperor Wu of Jin believed it after seeing it.
In addition to Jia Nanfeng's secret tricks that affected Emperor Wu of Jin's judgment of the prince's stupidity, there were many more ministers who kept secrets for His Holiness, and did not dare to truthfully indicate what Sima Zheng's IQ was. For example, He Yu and Xun Xun and others once served Emperor Wu of Jin together, and Emperor Wu of Jin said to them, "The crown prince has grown a little recently, so you should go to him and ask him about some current events." So the two went to Sima Zheng, and when they returned, Xun Xun and others praised him for "knowing and being wise and elegant, as clear as the Ming Zhao." However, He Yu said: "The qualifications of the prince are the same as before." Emperor Wu of Jin was very unhappy to hear this.
It is certain that Emperor Wu of Jin was completely aware of Sima Zheng's stupidity, but to what extent he was stupid, he might not be able to really know, the Qunchen did not dare to say anything directly to him, and the results of the examination were also cheating, which affected the judgment of Emperor Wu of Jin. And Emperor Wu of Jin finally let Sima Zheng succeed to the throne, which can only show that in emperor Wu of Jin's heart, although Sima Zheng was a little stupid, he was still barely acceptable.
The second Sima Zheng had a very clever son
Sima Zheng's IQ is indeed not high, but he has a very intelligent son. At the beginning, Emperor Wu of Jin, because Sima Zheng was young and did not know about the boudoir, was afraid that he would make a joke after he got married, so he gave xie mei to him and asked xie mei to teach him about men and women, and as a result, Xie Mei became pregnant. Later, Sima Zheng married Jia Nanfeng as the crown princess, and Jia Shi was very jealous of Xie Mei, and Xie Mei had no choice but to ask to return to the harem, and as a result, sima Song, the emperor," was born in the palace. A few years later, Sima Zheng entered the palace to see Emperor Wu of Jin, saw a three- or four-year-old child playing with other princes, and thought that he had a younger brother again, so he walked over and took his hand, and Emperor Wu of Jin next to him told him: "It is Ru'erye." (You can imagine what Sima Zheng's expression was at that time, which is also a happy father)
Sima Song was young and intelligent, and Emperor Wu of Jin loved him very much and often took him with him. One night, there was a sudden fire in the palace, and Emperor Wu of Jinwu was still young and went up to the attic to watch the fire. At this time, Sima Suo, who was only five years old, led Emperor Wu of Jin's clothes into the dim place and said: "If there is a sudden fire at night, you should guard against extraordinary things, and you should not stand in the light and let others see the lord." Emperor Wu of Jin was very surprised, "Yu is Strange." From then on, Emperor Wu of Jin basically gave up the idea of deposing Sima Zheng, and in his eyes, even if Sima Zheng did not work, the throne could still pass into Sima Song's hands.
Third, Emperor Wu of Jin thought that he could ensure that Sima Zheng's throne would not be threatened
Sima Zheng was indeed stupid, but Emperor Wu of Jin thought that it was absolutely reassuring to pass the throne to him, and this judgment first came from his understanding. The reason why Sima Shi was able to successfully seize power was indeed the reason why cao Wei's clan was not strong. In view of this, after Emperor Wu of Jin ascended the throne, he began to enfeoff the kings, with his uncle Sima Fu as the King of Anping; his uncle Sima Hui as the King of Pingyuan, Sima Liang as the King of Fufeng, Sima Ling as the King of Dongguan, Sima Jun as the King of Ruyin, Sima Xian as the King of Liang, Sima Lun as the King of Lang, Sima You as the King of Qi, Sima Jian as the King of Le'an, and Sima Ji as the King of Yan. He also made Sima Wang and seventeen other sons and nephews kings, and 27 clan members were crowned kings at a time, counting the later seals, and there were 57 feudal states in the entire Western Jin Dynasty.
We can see from emperor Wu of Jin's behavior of dividing up the kings that Emperor Wu of Jin was only a foreign minister, and he thought that these sub-feudal kings would be able to defend the imperial family without hesitation when the central government was threatened, and they also deposed the soldiers of the prefectures and counties, and the foreign ministers could not master many soldiers and horses, and there were soldiers, horses, and weapons in the kingdoms of each sub-feudal king, and the advantages in the balance of forces were obvious, so it was impossible for sima people to be outsiders in the world.
Emperor Wu of Jin actively prepared for the aftermath
Initially, Emperor Wu of Jin did not allow the kings to return to his fiefdom when he divided the titles, and after becoming seriously ill in 276, he began to brew the idea of dividing the kings to return to the fiefdom. The following year, the Wei general Yang Jue suggested that the kings should be allowed to return to the feudal state and serve as feudal officials, so as to defend the imperial family, so Emperor Wu of Jin accepted the opinion and arranged for the kings to serve as the governor of the nearest feudal place, and all the princes who did not have the position returned to the feudal state. ”
However, these kings who returned to the feudal state did not include Sima You, the King of Qi, who remained in Jingshi, probably because Emperor Wu of Jin was worried because of his parents' last words. During this time, the Qunchen had more and more respect for Sima You, but by no means included Xun Xun, Feng Zhen, and Yang Jue, and they were worried that if the throne fell into his hands, they would only be unable to eat and leave, so they actively advised Emperor Wu of Jin to let The King of Qi return to the fiefdom.
At this time, Emperor Wu of Jin had actually made up his mind to pass the throne to the crown prince, and he once asked Shangshu Zhang Hua who he should entrust the aftermath to, and Zhang Hua also supported the King of Qi, saying: "Mingde's closest relative, Mo Ruqi King." This sentence offended Emperor Wu of Jin's mind, and Xun Xun took the opportunity to slander Zhang Hua, so he was transferred to the post of general of Anbei.
In 282, Feng Zhen again said to Emperor Wu of Jin: "Your Majesty has decreed that the princes return to the fiefdom, and it should be carried out from those close to them. The relatives are like the King of Qi, and now only he is left in the capital, can he? Xun Xun also said, "All the officials of the imperial court have their hearts attached to the king, and after his majesty's ten thousand years, the crown prince will not be allowed to stand up." His Majesty should try to get King Qi to return to the fiefdom, and the whole court must think that this is not possible, then what I said will be fulfilled. ”
Emperor Wu of Jin agreed, so he appointed Sima You as the Grand Sima and commanded the qingzhou military forces, and the position of attendant remained the same. At the same time, he also appointed Sima Liang (Sima Yi' fourth son) the Prince of Runan, as Taiwei (太尉), Lu Shangshushi (錄尚書事), and concurrently serving as The Crown Prince Taifu (太傅), and Guanglu Dafu Shantao (山涛) as Situ, Shang Shuling (尚書令), and Wei Wan (衛瓘) as Sikong.
Emperor Wu of Jin's edict was indeed hotly discussed by his courtiers, and the general Wang Hun (王浑) was the first to write a letter opposing it, and suggested that Sima You, the Prince of Qi, make up for the lack of Crown Prince Taibao and stay in Jingshi to take charge of the imperial affairs with Sima Liang and Yang Jue, the kings of Runan. It is believed that only in this way can "three people be in the same position and hold on to each other", can we achieve "neither the tendency to be biased against each other, but also the grace of relatives and benevolence, and the perfect plan." ”
The reaction of the group of courtiers was very fierce, and then Sima Jun, the King of Fufeng, Li Xi, the Grand Master of Guanglu, Yang Xuan, the Protector of the Middle Guard, and Wang Ji and Zhen De of the Servants successively entered the palace for advice. Obviously, the more people opposed, the more firm emperor Jinwu's attitude became, and at this time he was already determined to let King Qi return to the country. Wang Ji and Zhen De both married Princess Changshan and Princess Changguang, the daughters of Emperor Wu of Jin, respectively, and when they saw that their persuasion was useless, they let their wives enter the palace for advice, and even knelt down and prostrated, crying and begging Emperor Wu of Jin to leave King Qi.
This made Emperor Wu of Jin angry, and he said to Wang Rong, who was a servant: "Brother and dear, the king of Qi is now out of the qi, it is a family affair, but Zhen De and Wang Ji actually sent women to me to cry and cry!" So he was relieved of his duties as a servant and appointed two others.
It's not over yet. The King of Qi was about to take office, and Emperor Wu of Jin ordered Tai Chang, who was in charge of mastering the rituals of the Temple, to discuss what should be given to the King of Qi, but Dr. Yu Xuan, Tai Shuguang, Liu Tun and others, who were very ignorant of current affairs, wrote a letter to continue to advise Emperor Wu of Jin to leave the Qi King to assist the government.
Then Taichang Zhengmo and The Doctor Cao Zhi also wrote to Emperor Wu of Jin, their views were the same as those of the courtiers, but Cao Zhi had a special status, he was the son of Cao Zhi. Therefore, Emperor Wu of Jin was very angry when he saw the song chapter, and he was furious: "Cao Zhi still does not know my heart, and the situation is all over the world!" Therefore, Zheng Mo and Cao Zhi were dismissed from their official positions. The reason why Emperor Wu of Jin said this was because of Cao Zhi's special experience, and it was precisely because Cao Zhi might threaten Cao Pi's throne that Cao Pi sent him back to the feudal kingdom, even if he knew that Cao Zhi did not understand the mystery, or he was knowingly committing a crime.
This matter became more and more noisy, and the protagonist of the matter, Sima You, was also unwilling to return to the feudal kingdom, and because he was jealous and resentful of the disease, he asked to go to his mother to guard the tomb. Emperor Wu of Jin was already determined to let him return to China, so he sent an imperial doctor to see him and leave as soon as his illness was better. However, in order to cater to Emperor Wu of Jin, the imperial doctor only said that Sima You was not ill. Yin Xiangxiong of Henan took the opportunity to advise: "Although There are many sons of Your Majesty, there are few people with moral prestige; the King of Qi is living in Jingyi, and the benefits are profound, and it is indispensable to think about it." Emperor Wu of Jin still did not accept it, and xiang Xiong was indignant.
Sima You's illness began to worsen, and Emperor Wu of Jin still urged him on his way, and Sima You could only barely hold on to his resignation to Emperor Wu of Jin. Because Sima You paid great attention to his appearance in his daily life, even if he was very ill, he still behaved as usual, which made Emperor Wu of Jin more and more suspicious that he was pretending to be ill. Sima You had to drag his sick body back to the feudal state, but he vomited blood and died within a few days. Later, Emperor Wu of Jin went to pay tribute, and Sima You's son Sima You,D., wept and explained to Emperor Wu of Jin the cause of Sima You's death, complaining bitterly that his father's illness had been delayed by the imperial doctor, and Emperor Wu of Jin immediately ordered the killing of the imperial doctor and let Sima You succeed Sima You as the Prince of Qi.
After Sima You's death, Emperor Wu of Jin was deeply saddened. Feng Zhen, who was serving at the side, said to him: "The king of Qi is over-named, and the world has returned to him, and now that he himself is dead, it is really a blessing for the country, so why should Your Majesty be too sad!" Emperor Wu of Jin then stopped his tears. It can be said that it was Sima You who could most threaten Sima Zheng's succession, and his death was certainly good news for Sima Zheng.
In 289, Emperor Wu of Jin became seriously ill again, and in order to allow his son to succeed him smoothly, he once again made Sima Liang a prince and appointed Sima Liang as a military officer, including Shizhong (侍中), Da Sima (大司馬), False Huang Yu (false Huang Yu), Dadu (大都督), and Governor of Yu Prefecture (豫州), and the town guard xuchang. Sima Kam, the king of Nanyang, became the King of Qin, and the capital oversaw the military forces in Guanzhong. Sima Wei, the king of Shiping, was appointed king of Chu and oversaw the military forces of Jingzhou. Sima Yun, the king of Puyang, was appointed the king of Huainan, and the military governors of Yang and Jiang'er prefectures were appointed. He also made sima qi the prince of Changsha, Sima Ying the king of Chengdu, Sima Yan the king of Wu, Sima Chi the king of Yuzhang, and Sima Yan the acting king; and the emperor's grandson Sima Song was the king of Guangling. He also made Sima Di, the son of king of Huainan, the king of Han, and Sima Yi, the son of king of Chu, the king of Biling.
The result of the (Rebellion of the Eight Kings) is often to mean turmoil, but successive dynasties will still divide the kings of the domain
Not only that, Emperor Wu of Jin obeyed the plan of his chancellor Wang You and asked the crown prince's half-brothers Sima Kam, Sima Wei, and Sima Yun to send them to guard key points in the country. Emperor Wu of Jin was also worried that Yang's power was too great to threaten the position of the crown prince, so he appointed Wang You as the commander of the Northern Army and took charge of the Forbidden Army of the Beijing Division. Moreover, Emperor Wu of Jin also considered that the emperor's grandson Sima Suo was still young, so he selected his assistants with high standards and specially appointed Liu Yu, a general attendant who had always been a pure and simple warrior, as Sima Song's teacher.
In order to smoothly pass the throne to the crown prince, Emperor Wu of Jin could be said to be well-intentioned, and the threats he could think of had been eliminated for his son. In the eyes of Emperor Wu of Jin, the world was full of peace, guotai and min'an, it was too simple to be an emperor, just like him, riding a sheep cart through the backyard of the deep palace to taste beauty, those troublesome political affairs were handled by Yang Jun and other ministers, so he firmly believed that Sima Zheng's IQ was still enough to be competent for the imperial position.
Emperor Wu of Jin was a very optimistic emperor, and during his reign, the whole country was already in danger, and his talents were only barely maintaining the status quo. But the internal national and class contradictions have become very acute. If the King of Qi succeeds to the throne, actively handles government affairs and resolves contradictions, perhaps there will be no outbreak of the Rebellion of the Eight Kings, and there may even be a chance to rewrite history and make the Jin Dynasty a strong and continuously unified empire.