On November 7, in the live broadcast of the third outgoing event in the key technical verification stage of the space station, a woman wearing a blue test coat, a ponytail, and gold-rimmed round glasses appeared frequently in the camera, and her voice crossed the heavens and the earth, guiding the operation of the Shenzhou 13 crew in space above the height of 400 kilometers.
"Shenzhou XIII, the robotic arm is about to be transferred, please make sure that the seat belt is not connected to the cabin." Complete! Only to see her staring at the surveillance screen, paying close attention to the operation of the astronauts in orbit, the instructions were orderly, and the voice was calm and calm. She is the special conductor of this outgoing activity, Wu Hao, and the first female conductor of the space station outgoing activity.
The code name for the astronaut system in a manned mission is Dawn. As the manned space industry enters the space station stage, the function of "dawn" has also been expanded, and the special command of astronauts' out-of-the-cabin activities came into being.
Due to the high complexity and difficulty of the mission of the space station phase, a cross-system, cross-departmental mission support group was established. The group covers the astronaut system, the space station system and the measurement and control system, led by Huang Weifen, the chief designer of the astronaut system, to provide support to the astronauts in the process of the outgoing activities, and put forward decision-making opinions, and one of the astronaut instructors in the support group serves as the special command of the outgoing activities - the code name "Dawn", following the code name of the astronaut system.
If the outgoing activity is compared to a battle, the outgoing activity support group behind "Dawn" is equivalent to the command, and "Dawn" is the commander who guides the astronauts to charge the operation. For astronauts in orbit, "dawn" means the full support of astronaut system personnel behind the scenes. When the astronauts are ready to perform the outbound task, starting from the core module entering the node module and closing the two-way pressure-bearing hatch between the two cabins, until the exit activity task is completed and the two-way pressure-bearing hatch between the two cabins is closed, during which the "Dawn" is directed and implemented. Wu Hao is well aware of the heavy responsibility and is fully prepared.
As the "dawn" of remote control command, the unity of heaven and earth and tacit cooperation between the astronauts and the astronauts out of the capsule are an important basis for the smooth implementation of the capsule. In the more than two years as the bishop of the outgoing activity training, Wu Hao organized hundreds of training sessions for astronauts in a number of outgoing activity training sites such as low pressure cabin, simulated weightless training tank, cabin departure activity program training simulator and virtual reality simulator. She participated in every aspect of the design of the cabin activity training, not only familiar with the entire process, but also familiar with the operation and disposal of various systems such as space station platform equipment and cabin suits.
In this mission, Wu Hao and the relevant personnel of the cabin activity support team repeatedly checked the process and corresponding measurement and control area on the day of the mission, and clarified the operation and corresponding instructions for each step. After a long period of extensive ground training, Wu Hao fought side by side with the astronauts, from the interaction of passwords to the interaction between each action, and even a clear understanding of each other's temperament and disposition, laying a solid foundation for the successful completion of the outgoing activity.
"High understanding, can bear hardships" is the colleague's evaluation of Wu Hao, from 7 years ago as an astronaut instructor, this heavy responsibility has inspired her to face challenges again and again. Wu Hao graduated from Peking University majoring in electronic information science and technology, and the work of the spacecraft professional technical group in the astronaut selection training room is an unfamiliar field to her. But in less than a year, Wu Hao had grown into a bishop of the spaceship flight program training.
In order to grasp the technical status as soon as possible, Wu Hao, who also serves as an auxiliary instructor post, a recording post and a technical safety post in the spacecraft flight program training, soaks in the spacecraft simulator every day - astronaut training in the morning, exploring the flight program in the afternoon, and learning relevant materials at night. She knew more than 100 important operations in 5 flight stages, more than 60 fault disposal plans and 4 types of emergency procedures.
In 2019, due to the needs of the space station mission, the room leaders hoped that Wu Hao could join the training team for the outgoing activities. That meant she had to start from scratch again. She was advised that the risks of out-of-cabin activity training were high and not suitable for female instructors. "As long as the organization needs it, it should bravely shoulder the burden." Wu Hao did not hesitate to join the outgoing activity training team and race against time to learn relevant knowledge. At the end of 2019, the underwater training of astronauts out of the cabin activity kicked off, Wu Hao participated in hundreds of hours of training missions, and also taught himself diving skills to assist astronauts in underwater training in the outgoing activity, staying in the water for several hours.
Busy work leaves Wu Hao with little time to spend with a pair of children, who say she is an "invisible mother." Speaking of her children, Wu Hao blushed, but she said: "Huang Weifen, chief designer of the astronaut system, once said that when individual ideals and pursuits can meet and dock with the country's major strategic needs, the potential of individuals will be greatly stimulated." All suffering is bliss. As the only female instructor in the outgoing activity training group, Wu Hao believes that there is no difference between men and women, only excellent and passing, "I want to strive to get closer to the excellent, so that the people of the whole country can see the best moment of astronauts."
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Behind the astronauts, there is such a group of "spacecraft test drivers"
They are the most familiar test drivers, from the operation of the setting to the fault disposal, meticulous; they are the closest companions, from design to the sky, all the time; they are the practitioners of the spirit of manned spaceflight, from development to launch, worthy of the mission - they, that is, from the aerospace science and technology group of the fifth academy of spacecraft engineers, in the industry is also known as "spaceship test driver".
On November 7, Zhai Zhigang and Wang Yaping successfully carried out the first outgoing activity of the Shenzhou 13 astronaut crew and successfully completed the installation of the robot arm cascade device. In fact, every operation of astronauts in space is the result of hundreds of simulations and drills by a team of spacecraft engineers on the ground.
See yourself as a stand-in for astronauts
Since the development of the Shenzhou manned spacecraft model, the special identity of the spacecraft engineer has been born. The spacecraft engineer is not an independent position, but is concurrently served by the system master, electricity overall, and mechanical overall designer of the Shenzhou team - to ensure the safe travel of the "boat of life" is the supreme creed in their hearts.
From the design and production of Shenzhou manned spacecraft to the launch and return, the team of spacecraft engineers has always been the closest companion. A variety of complex operating platforms and interfaces in the spacecraft can not rely solely on the astronauts themselves to grope or learn from the paper tutorials, so the spacecraft engineers regard themselves as the spacemen's stand-ins, and when the model is tested on the ground, they replace the astronauts to carry out various tests to verify whether the instrument display, manual operation, fault disposal and other aspects meet the requirements. "As designers and improvers of aerospace products, we must be aware of every detail, and be familiar with every component on the spacecraft and every manual command in the test." Gao Xu, the overall deputy chief designer of the Shenzhou manned spacecraft system of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, said.
In order to meet the design requirements of ergonomics and enable astronauts to work better, spacecraft engineers need to "transform" from designers to users, timely discover problems with spacecraft products and feedback to the design team, so as to achieve further optimization of product design. Ming Zhangpeng, the chief designer of the Shenzhou manned spacecraft system of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, regards this process as a "test drive", "In the interaction with the spacecraft, we rely on its body and mind, and become a bridge connecting the spacecraft and the astronauts, which can help the astronauts understand and be familiar with the 'temperament' of the spacecraft and ensure the safe return of each 'boat of life'."
"This is not only an honor, but also a mountain of responsibility"
The operation of manned spacecraft is complex, each task is often composed of hundreds of manual commands and more than 100 operating actions, and the instruction issuance is demanding, the minimum interval is only 5 seconds, it must be not bad in minutes and seconds, and there is no room for hesitation and sloppiness.
As a post-90s Xiao Xuedi, he just entered the overall design department of the fifth academy of the Aerospace Science and Technology Group in 2020 and took on the heavy responsibility of spacecraft engineer. In the face of unimaginably harsh operations for ordinary people, Xiao Xuedi, who has become a "veteran" after a year of training, is full of confidence: "Every time before entering the cabin, I will carefully review the operation guide of the spacecraft, and leave a dense labeling prompt on the detailed rules to ensure that the order and operation after entering the cabin are foolproof." Now I have the ability to perform the incoming work independently. ”
Seeing the growth of young technical backbones, Chen Tongxiang, who has experienced all the models of Shenzhou spacecraft and is currently the person in charge of product guarantee of Shenzhou manned spacecraft, is both relieved and distressed: "Don't look at the young age, for every success of the manned space project, they can fight for themselves and go up when needed." ”
"This is not only an honor, but also a mountain of heavy responsibilities, fortunately, this young people can shoulder things." Speaking of these young spacecraft engineers, Yang Haifeng, head of the flight control of the Shenzhou manned spacecraft of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, was also moved. In his view, there are very few people who can devote themselves to major manned spaceflight projects and personally improve spacecraft, "this is a historic work, and it is their supreme honor as spacecraft engineers."
Data from the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group shows that from 2011 to the present, in the past 10 years, the team of spacecraft engineers has guaranteed the launch missions of 6 models from Shenzhou 8 to Shenzhou 13 with zero mistakes, accumulating more than 1,000 times.
Practice the spirit of manned spaceflight with practical actions
Shenzhou XII returned safely, Shenzhou XIII was successfully launched, and Shenzhou XIV was on standby... With the gradual establishment of the "rolling launch" model, the working pressure of spacecraft engineers has multiplied, but they are always optimistic to face each mission challenge and practice the spirit of manned spaceflight with practical actions.
"Since the beginning of the manned space industry, in the face of a large number of technical gaps, our research and development team has not flinched, but has faced difficulties, with the goal of independent breakthrough technology, step by step, mastered the core key technologies of manned spaceflight." Zhang Bainan, deputy chief designer of China's manned space project, sighed. In his view, it is precisely in the tempering of the model task full of sweat and tears that the spirit of manned spaceflight that can "be particularly able to endure hardships, especially able to fight, especially able to tackle key problems, and especially able to dedicate" has been cultivated.
Gao Xu, who graduated with a doctorate in 2011, has taken root in the overall position of the fifth academy of the Aerospace Science and Technology Group since Shenzhou 9, and also served as a spacecraft engineer. In the eyes of everyone, he is a "desperate samurai" who can desperately do everything for his work. Someone asked: "In the past 10 years, have you not regretted carrying people?" His answer was: "The manned spacecraft has 14 subsystems and more than 600 devices, and in the face of such a complex target task, if we want to ensure success, we can only be in a state of self-forgetfulness, so that the whole team is closely united." ”
Mentioning the spacecraft engineer Ren Changwei, everyone around him couldn't help but give a thumbs up. The manned spacecraft mission is extremely intense, and in order to keep up with the test schedule, he often continues to enter the cabin for more than a dozen hours. During that time, in addition to having to withstand electromagnetic radiation, he also had to face various physical discomforts caused by the noise in the cabin and the heating of the equipment, but he never regretted choosing this profession, "seeing that each model successfully completed the task under his careful care, it further strengthened my confidence and determination to devote myself to the manned space project."
Column Editor-in-Chief: Zhang Wu Text Editor: Yang Rong Title Image Source: Xinhua News Agency Photo Editor: Xu Jiamin
Source: Author: Guangming Daily
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