In May of the first year of the Song Dynasty (960), the small court of the Southern Tang Dynasty, which was in a corner of the Southern River, bid farewell to Feng Yanwei, the elder of the two dynasties. For Feng Yanmi's death, the Manchu Dynasty had mixed feelings.
Although he was notorious in history and absurd in the history books, after all, he had worshiped him three times, so even if Feng Yanmi, who was only a fictitious post at the end of his life, still used his death to give the final shock to the political arena of the Southern Tang Dynasty.
People who like Feng Yanmi say that he is an extraordinary literary talent, tolerant and humble, because no matter how the political situation changes, he is always an evergreen tree in the political arena and is not suspected by the king for life; while those who hate Feng Yanshu say that he is a gentle and flattering lord, and he has formed a party for personal gain, because he is listed as one of the "Five Harms of the Southern Tang Dynasty", and he has more than enough to die.
And a thousand years later, we mention Feng Yanmi again, in addition to the sentence "The wind rises, blowing a pool of spring water", for this typical literati with mixed reputations, what is his life hidden behind the Song Ci?
When it comes to the Southern Tang Dynasty, most people will only think of Li Yu, the successor who wrote "When is the Spring Flower and Autumn Moon", and few people will pay attention to the stories of the first two emperors of the Southern Tang Dynasty, Li Fu of the Liezu and Li Jing, the lord of the Middle Tang, and the era when Feng Yanmi was active was during the reign of these two Southern Tang emperors.
As a historical period that has been neglected in Chinese history, there are many emperors of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and the offensive wars have never stopped. Along with the war, hundreds of people had to flee the war and began a large-scale population migration, including Feng Yanwei's grandfather.
The frequent wars and turmoil of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms led to the complete disintegration of the old aristocratic class, and the jiedushi who had once divided one side were transformed into the nine-five-year-old, and they called themselves orthodox in their respective ruling areas and lived the life of an emperor.
Feng Yanmi's father also took this opportunity to defect to the then Southern Wu quanchen and later the founding emperor of the Southern Tang Dynasty
Emperor Li Fu, the Emperor of The Liezu, and all the way to the Southern Tang Official Shangshu, as the second generation of officials, Feng Yanmi was able to gain a firm foothold in the Southern Tang court and began to emerge.
His father was the official Shangshu of the head of the Six Ministries, and he was also a well-known young sage, so Feng Yanmi, who had just entered the political arena, mixed smoothly and was personally assigned by Li Fu to Li Jing, who was still the crown prince at the time, as a friend.
The friendship of his youth always seemed so precious, so even after many years of political turmoil and party strife, Li Jing, who was the son of heaven, never doubted Feng Yanwei once.
In the Book of Southern Tang compiled by Lu You, there are two sentences like this- "To Chang Mengxi in the matter, he repeatedly said that he would not let him be around the king, and liezu would feel his words, and would rebuke him, and would drive him." And "Yuanzong" also realized that he was not a good man, and could not go. The former said that Li Fu perceived that Feng Yanmi was a villain and wanted to belittle him; while the latter said that Li Jing, the lord of the middle, also felt that Feng Yanshu was not a righteous gentleman, but he could not do without him.
In fact, such a record is very debatable, in the feudal dynasty where the monarchy is above all else, it is disgusted by two generations of kings and can worship three times, and finally can smooth the end of the old age, which does not make sense. In fact, after Li Jing ascended the throne, Feng Yanshu also began to shine in the Southern Tang court and officially began his own eunuch sea ups and downs.
Gaining the unconditional trust of the king was the first step in the cultivation plan of famous courtiers no matter which dynasty, and as Li Jing's friend from childhood to adulthood, Feng Yanmi of course also wanted to contribute to Li Jing's Qianqiu hegemony, so in the third year after Li Jing ascended the throne (945), Feng Yanmi, who had been promoted by rockets to Zhongshu Shilang (正三品), began his own strategic conception.
The third year of the Southern Tang Dynasty (945) was a very good time point, because the Southern Tang Dynasty, which had a very good momentum of development, waited for the neighboring Minguo (one of the ten kingdoms) to civil unrest, and Feng Yanmi saw the opportunity for territorial expansion, so he persuaded the hesitant Li Jing to send troops to the Minguo, and the soldiers pointed out that Lian Ke counted the cities and directly destroyed the Minguo.
As a strategic planner for the destruction of the Min state, Feng Yanmi's prestige reached its peak for a while, and he was officially made the second person in the Southern Tang Dynasty when he was named the prime minister of the dynasty (Tongping Zhangshi), and I think that on the day of his visit, he would not have thought that the heavenly feats of annexing the Min state would become one of the reasons for the enemy to criticize him in the future.
In the fifth year of the Southern Tang Dynasty (947), the forces of the Min state were revived, and the counterinsurgency generals sent by the Southern Tang Dynasty went their separate ways in order to compete for merit, which eventually led to the loss of the warplanes, the great war situation was put into the water, and the Southern Tang army was completely defeated.
The impact of the failure to suppress the rebellion was very bad, although the remnants of the Min state still claimed to submit to the Southern Tang, but had achieved a de facto independent status, the old land of the Min state became a chicken rib for the Southern Tang, and the pot of damaged soldiers fell on the head of Feng Yanmi, who originally advocated sending troops.
In those years, Feng Yanmi was at the lowest point in his life, in order to save his second brother and resigned, he experienced the blow of his stepmother's death, and Feng Yanmi, who resigned from all official posts and returned home to keep filial piety, chose to use three years of silence to face gossip, until four years later, in the ninth year of Bao Da (951), he made a comeback.
Feng Yanmi's backstage was Emperor Li Jing, even if he had not seen him for three or four years, after his comeback, Feng Yanmi once again stood directly at the peak of the people's subjects, and was named the champion general, and the brother Taibao once again stood at the fork in the road of the fate of the Southern Tang, and whether to send troops to attack Southern Chu (one of the Ten Kingdoms) became a problem that plagued Feng Yanshu.
For Feng Yanmi at this time, he was already an extremely popular subject, he could completely fly and camp dogs, and the corpse was vegetarian, after all, the lesson of the collapse and rebellion of the Min kingdom four years ago was still in front of him, if Feng Yanmi was really a hypocrite with no feelings for the country, why should he force the Chu strategy to be destroyed? This time, Feng Yanmi made a decision that was contrary to the rules of the traitors--sending troops to destroy Chu.
Until many years after Feng Yanmi's death, the two major strategic deployments of exterminating Min and exterminating Chu were his black material. Like the destruction of Min, the campaign to eliminate Southern Chu went smoothly, and the lord Li Jing thus achieved the historical achievement of "the territory reached the maximum during his reign". But the same as the end of the destruction of Fujian, Southern Chu was destroyed and rebelled, and Southern Tang failed to suppress the rebellion, so that yuan qi was seriously injured and futile.
From the perspective of posterity, whether it is to destroy Min or Chu, Feng Yanwei, as the actual strategic guide, must be responsible, but if all the black cauldrons are given to him, it is really too wrong.
However, such successive failures and internal friction have also turned the Southern Tang into an empty shelf, and it is very unfortunate that the Southern Tang, which has been in turmoil, has ushered in the strongest overlord of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms- Later Zhou Shizong Chai Rong.
Who is Chai Rong? The First War God Emperor of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, who was called "Shen Wu Xiongluo, a generation of heroes" in the history books, defeated the Liao state one after another, and if it were not for the early death, I was afraid that Zhao Kuangyin would not have the opportunity to "Chen Qiao Mutiny".
And it was such a ruthless man, who sent troops to attack the Southern Tang Three Times, beat Li Jing to lose his armor, and even the imperial title was automatically abandoned, in addition to ceding the counties of Jiangbei, he also had to pay a huge amount of protection fees on a regular basis. From then on, the Southern Tang Dynasty completely lost the opportunity to chase the deer in the Central Plains, and only the remaining partial security remained.
After the Later Zhou strike, Feng Yanmi also stepped down, and although Li Jing still retained the official position of "Prince Taifu" for him, Feng Yanmi's career had also come to an end. This year was the first year of the Southern Tang Dynasty (958), but the Southern Tang did not wait for its ZTE, but lost all the land north of the river and became the fish of others.
In the literary world, Feng Yanmi, although he was an extremely popular subject, for various reasons, not only failed to be called a famous minister of Zhongxing, but became a sinner for thousands of years; and in the literary world, Feng Yanmi shined brightly, and his words were tactful and hazy, although he was still confined to the category of male and female love, but he also broke through the shackles of love and had more questions and sentimentality about the impermanence of the world.
For example, Feng Yanmi's sentence in "Picking Mulberries and Painting Hall Last Night's Sleeplessness" said, "The past is like flowing water, and Hugh is fascinated." Many years later, li Yu, the heir apparent, used the sentence "The world is flowing with the flowing water, counting a lifetime of floating dreams", which can also be regarded as drinking and drunk with Feng Yanmi, who has long been an ancient person, after decades of time.
When reading Feng Yanmi's lyrics, it is like a light veil on the heart, and the inner idleness is slowly outlined, and when we react, we are already in the smoke and rain of Jiangnan built by his pen. This is why countless famous artists are willing to be endorsed by Feng Yanmi.
Guoxue master Wang Guowei even positioned Feng Yanshu as a giant of "opening the Northern Song Dynasty's word style" in "Human Words", and the Qing Dynasty literary scholar Liu Rongzhai also praised it in his work "Art Overview": "Feng Yanshu's words, Yan Tongshu's handsomeness, Ouyang Yongshu's deep." Liu Rongzhai's words were very heavy, because Yan Tongshu was referring to the Song Dynasty's gentle faction of Yan Shu, while Ouyang Yongshu was referring to Ouyang Xiu, the leader of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Whether it is the slander and insults of later generations, or the praise and praise of posterity, everything has nothing to do with Feng Yanwei. On a certain day in May of the first year of the Northern Song Dynasty (960), Feng Yanwei's soul floated out of the flesh and walked farther and farther in the smoke and rain of Jiangnan.
A year after Feng Yanmi's death, the lord Li Jing also came to the end of his life, and it was not known whether he would remember the dialogue between the monarch and the courtiers many years ago at the time of his death.
At that time, the Southern Tang Dynasty was in its heyday, and the monarchs were full of spirits.
Li Jing, who is well-read, ridiculed Feng Yanwei: "'The wind rises and blows a pool of spring water', what is the matter with Caring for Qing? And the quick-witted Feng Yanmi also smiled and said to Li Jing, who was also a friend of Yijun and a friend: "That 'drizzle dreams back to the chicken plug away, and the small building blows through the jade sheng cold', it has nothing to do with Your Majesty." ("The wind rises, blowing a pool of spring water" is Feng Yanmi's famous sentence, "The drizzle dreams of returning to the chicken and plugging away, and the small building blows through the jade sheng cold" is Li Jing's famous sentence.) After the words were finished, the monarch laughed and chatted freely about the drink.
And the beauty of the past for the Southern Tang in the first year of Jianlong (960), has been a dream of Jiangnan, the past is like smoke...