Without olive oil, don't eat salad at best. Without a mind man is going to die. ——Wang Xiaobo
This section focuses on the Golden Age– providing intellectuals with a well-intentioned refuge, a philosophy of life or the logic of survival.
The author said earlier that Chen Qingyang has an empty cup of childish heart, since it is an empty cup, you pour into the "Farmer's Orchard", she may be orange; if you pour into the "Farmer's Spring", she may be clear and transparent; if you are full of "Nutrition Express", she may be flowing with milk and honey. However, the concept that Wang Er instilled in her was nothing else, six words "free love, love freedom". It is precisely out of the passive acceptance of this concept that the work does a good job of maintaining the character image. Golden Age Chapter 2: "On my twenty-first birthday, I intend to seduce Chen Qingyang at night. The word "seduction" is also deliberately emphasized by the author. In addition, "This woman is famous for slapping people, and many people have eaten her slaps." "She pushed me away and took off her clothes one by one, folding them up and putting them aside." Later, she laughed and said that she couldn't see that thing on me. That thing is stupid, shameless, see it, she can't help but get angry from the heart.? The purpose of writing this way is to avoid the suspicion of indiscriminate affection, and the indiscriminate and pursuit of love and freedom are sometimes easily confused, which determines the nature of "Golden Age". Literature or yellow novels?
From accepting the idea and creating the facts, to "loving freedom, loving freedom" being fully affirmed in the depths of consciousness, the work progresses to chapter nine, "At this time, she thinks, this is really a strange world, what is happening here, she does not understand at all." 」 It can be seen that the heroine believes that what she does is normal, natural, and beyond reproach, on the contrary, what others do is difficult for people to understand, which shows that Chen Qingyang's pursuit of love and freedom is sincere and thorough. In order to draw a clear line with indiscriminate feelings, there are two sentences in the work that may also be ignored by readers - about Wang Er: "Although I regard making friends as a lifelong career, the friends I have made are only two or three people such as Chen Qingyang (Chapter 2). About Chen Qingyang: "Chen Qingyang later said that she had only made one friend to me in her life (chapter 8). The author is obviously painstaking in this regard, of course, to avoid misleading the reader and distorting the audience's values.
Chen Qingyang, a typical character, a woman in a special historical environment, her image is distinct, her personality is full of personality, like a delicacy of color and fragrance, which is presented to the reader by the writer, and the shaping of the character is undoubtedly very successful. With the passage of time, she will be like Lin Daiyu in "Dream of the Red Chamber", Huang Rong in "The Legend of the Eagle Shooter", Xiang Lin sister-in-law in "Blessing", Hua Mulan in "Mulan Poems", Du Shiniang in "Cautionary Tales", Jane Eyre in "Jane Eyre"... Let people familiarize themselves, and finally establish the status of classic female figures in her classic literary works.
In that chaotic era, the author could not let Wang Er fight alone, so he designed Chen Qingyang as a comrade-in-arms for him, and also showed that the concept of love and freedom was by no means unanswered. Toward the end of the novel in the tenth chapter, the author points out: "That was also her golden age." This echoes with the beginning of the novel "That day I was twenty-one years old, in the golden age of my life", even though the author did not mention a word Chen Qingyang also longed for love, eating, and freedom, but the two could "dun great friendship", can carry out love and freedom to the end, that is, the spirit and flesh are highly compatible, but also the unexpected encounter of the rebellious spirit.
In the previous section, we emphasized the seemingly wrong relationship between the two works of "What Zarathustra Says" and "The Golden Age", the character of Wang Er, in fact, is like the preacher Zarathustra, except that Wang Er preaches not a doctrine, but a concept of human life, Wang Er and Chen Qingyang practice their philosophy of life in Zhangfeng Mountain, and Zarathustra is on the Mount of Olives to understand the true meaning of life.
The Mount of Olives in Jerusalem, the home of the souls of Jews and Muslims, is the holy mountain common to all three religions
A paragraph needs to be inserted here. With warm feet and thoughts, I ran to a place where the wind was still, a sunny corner of the Mount of Olives. (So Says Zarathustra: Part III: On the Mount of Olives) "Why did Nietzsche arrange for Zarathustra to practice enlightenment on the Mount of Olives? This issue is ignored by many commentators and readers. The Mount of Olives is a sacred mountain shared by Christianity, Judaism, and Islam, and the angels of the Bible, Chapter 1, verse 11, say, "How he goes up to heaven, how will he come." In Christian doctrine, this mountain is the place where Jesus was close to God, also known as the mountain of prayer, and the place where the Lord ascended to heaven and rose again. Shortly after the beginning of Zarathustra, on the way down the mountain, he met a sage, "Zarathustra walked alone, and he said to his heart, 'Is this possible?'" This old sage was in his forest, and he hadn't heard that God was dead'? "Since God is dead," if there is a God, how can I bear that I am not the God?" "Nestlé dove occupation, relocation of the door or not, casually circled a racecourse. Religion entrusted to preach doctrine, and Nietzsche to preach his philosophy with Zarathustra. More cleverly, Zarathustra was originally the Persian translation of Zoroastrian, who lived in the 6th century BC and was the founder of Zoroastrianism, because the religion was founded earlier, its doctrine also had an impact on Judaism, and Jesus Christ was a product of the Common Era, so Nietzsche antichrist, using the Iranian prophet Zoroastrian to make a time difference.
Returns the topic. Golden Age Chapter 4: "I sat in the hut and listened to the roar of the leaves of the mountain, and finally reached the realm of forgetting both things and me." I heard a mighty tide of air rushing above me, and it was the time of the surge in my soul. Just as the flowers bloom in the deep mountains, the dragon bamboo shoots peel off the shells and go straight upwards. When the tide recedes I rest in peace, but when the tide rises I dance with pleasure. "Like a deeply cultivated hermit or a retreating Taoist, "the only taste of the Dharma, the return of the dead to the truth "(Buddhist Scripture "Four Teachings, Volume II"), five hundred years of phoenix nirvana, the death of the deceased to be born. What do you think about in the face of the vast universe and the lonely sky? What is the true meaning of life? The ultimate purpose of life? The highest value of life? Or is all that thinking is superfluous, and all one needs to do is dance with the fallen leaves and return to the cave with the cunning rabbit? Flowers bloom and fall at their own time, and red, yellow, green, and white have their own places. Push the door and move, see the bamboo shadow sweeping the steps; the smoke dissipates, and the moon wheel passes through the swamp. "All things come, all things go, the wheel of existence, forever circulating." (So Says Zarathustra) "Listen, watch, watch, listen, maybe you're asleep...
Look again at Zarathustra Dancing Song: "'The sun has long since disappeared. He finally said, 'The pastures are getting wet, and there's a chill in the forest.' An unknowable object stared at me thoughtfully beside me. How, is Zarathustra still alive? Why survive? What are the benefits? What do you live by? In what direction? Where? How do you live? Isn't it crazy to keep living'? Zarathustra's cross-examination is similar to Wang Erzhuang Zhou Mengdi's cross-examination in "The Golden Age", "Everyone says that what exists must not exist, because everything in front of us is a hoax." Everyone says that something that doesn't exist must exist, such as Wang Er, if he doesn't exist, where does the name come from? "For the leader, I don't exist for a great convenience, which can show that no zhiqing here has been knocked unconscious." For myself, it doesn't matter whether there exists or not. If no one comes to me, I can plant some corn nearby and never come out. For this reason, I don't care much about whether I exist or not. "I shouldn't exist because the sharp-mouthed woman hit me, nor should I exist because she hit me." In fact, my existence is an indisputable fact. ”
Is it an obvious existential theory? The main representatives of existentialism are Heidegger and Sartre, and Heidegger was greatly influenced by Nietzsche, who is also known as one of the pioneers of existentialism. According to the existential view, man is actually facing a world that is opposite to himself every day, disappointed, and absurd, which is a bit like the big environment and small environment in which Wang and Chen are located, it seems that every other person poses a threat to a certain individual, and others are therefore defined as hell, Wang Er undoubtedly recognizes this, but existentialism also tells him that human existence is the only real existence, Nietzsche said: "Existence - in addition to life, we have no better way of expressing existence." How can something dead exist? So he will not lose his sense of existence or even biological existence because of the oppression of all external things such as leaders and sharp-mouthed women, and his pursuit of love will never stop, because Sartre told him that the true existence of man is absolute freedom, and love is a kind of freedom.
Founder of existentialist philosophy (de) Martin Heidegger
Adhering to the pursuit of love, freedom, and love of destiny, the work shows an indomitable tenacity in calm and indifferent. Wang Er and Chen Qingyang's disdain, this ridicule, and this kind of resistance to the times are precisely the deep sympathy and deep condolences for those noble souls who have passed away, and the message revealed by the text is how much the author hopes that these great bodies can survive tenaciously in the face of the absurdity and blows of reality like Wang Er and Chen Qingyang. Not being decapitated by the grim reality is in itself a rebirth or creation, a powerful practice of Nietzsche's "all beings are creators of their own creation." However, he also knew that this was the beauty of the novel world after all, the "republic" or "utopia" relative to the real world, and he could not make too much verification of everyone's actual situation, and some only lamented and paid tribute: "'Intellectuals are most afraid of living in an irrational era. The so-called irrational era is the era when Galileo bowed his head and confessed his guilt and admitted that the earth was not rotating, and it was also the era when Lavoisier went to the guillotine; it was also the era when Zweig committed suicide by poisoning, and it was also the era when Lao She jumped into Taiping Lake. (The Misfortune of Intellectuals) "Lao She, Deng Tuo, Zhai Bozan, Zhao Shuli, Chen Yinke, Feng Zikai, Wu Han, Gai Mingtian, Yan Fengying, Yang Shuo, Fu Lei, Luo Guangbin, Xiao Yemu, Li Guangtian, Hai Mo...
No. 19, Rich Hutong, Dianshi West Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing - Former Residence of Lao She, both Lao She Memorial Hall. The sinking lake has been converted into a subway
We look at Hong Zicheng's "History of Contemporary Chinese Literature and Chronology of Chinese Literature (1949-2000)", the cultural revolution ten years of the fall of the superstars, the academic edifice will fall, almost the empty window period of Chinese culture, intellectuals are stepped on, will not be other, must be the sadness of society, the fullness of the novel just confirms the reality of the bone and even the horror. Therefore, "The Golden Age" reflects to some extent an ideal of the author, who tries to use the images of Wang Er and Chen Qingyang as a model to provide intellectuals with a philosophy of life or the logic of survival to resist unknowable and possible high pressure, which is very much like a kind of well-intentioned shelter. So the overwhelming sexual depictions you see are all superficial, and behind the appearances, there is the author's goodness and love—the worry and anxiety of the existence of intellectuals, the sympathy and compassion for the fate of intellectuals. This is a special historical period, and writers cannot turn a blind eye and pretend to be deaf and dumb, which also reflects the conscience that an intellectual should have.
In fact, the care for intellectuals is a major feature of Wang Xiaobo's novels, or it can be said that they run through it from beginning to end, such as "Thirty and Standing", "Like a Year of Flowing Water", "My Yin and Yang Two Realms", "Red Breeze Night Run", "Fourth Year of College", "Black Iron Apartment", "2010", "2015", "Future World" and so on. Including some essays, such as "The Misfortune of Intellectuals", "The Problem of the Messenger of the Flower Thorn Model", "Moral Degeneration and Intellectuals", "Chinese Intellectuals and medieval Relics", etc. Wang Xiaobo's intellectual complex, the author believes that in the deep consciousness, he still shows his high hopes and worries about the country and the nation, because the special status and discourse power of intellectuals sometimes affect the superstructure and even the fate of the country, and the reality he witnessed with his own eyes should be the emergence of intellectual Yao Wenyuan on the political stage, and I will not talk about it here.
It is worth mentioning that the "Golden Age" Wang Er and Chen Qingyang's disdain for suffering and self-deprecation of fate, the strong psychological endurance and coping ability embodied in it, not entirely out of literary needs and expressions, but also a reflection of the writer's ontological personality, which Wang Xiaobo revealed: "The real theme, or the reflection on the living conditions of people, one of the most important logics is: our lives have so many obstacles, really fucking interesting!" This logic is called black humor, and I think black humor is my temperament, which is innate. (The Doubt Trilogy)"
We say that the "great friendship" of Wang and Chen has historical probabilities. The two get a marriage license in the morning, get a divorce certificate in the afternoon, and fail to come together, which is the absurdity of society that the author has been emphasizing, if according to Nietzsche's logic? " People ultimately love their desires, not those whom they desire. "This ending of the two of them is a note to this passage?" Not exactly. Chen Qingyang said that at that moment she felt weak, so she collapsed and hung on my shoulder. At that moment she felt like a spring vine wrapped around a tree, and a bird was clinging to a person. She never wanted to pay any more attention to anything else, and forgot everything in that instant. In that instant she fell in love with me, and that could never be changed. This was the last confession material written by Chen Qingyang, and the people in the people's security group read it, "All of them were red in the face, like little monks." "Why do they meet red ears? Because they have discovered their own inner meanness, because society, no matter how absurd, will not classify love as a crime. Why do you say they look like little monks? In the text, Wang Er's yj is called a little monk, which is still endless ridicule.
In short, "The Golden Age" contrasts the unconcealed, indulgent, and enjoyment of sex, the love and selfless experience of freedom with the deformed and barbaric society, and their transcendent and authentic spirit is the Dionysian spirit that Nietzsche high-profile proclaims.
(Literary responsibility and ownership belong to 360 Wu Li Road)