900 years ago, the lyricist Zhou Bangyan died. This representative of the Song "euphemism" is known as the "Crown of The Lyricists" or "The Old Du in the Word". "And the knife is like water, Wu Yanshengxue, the finger breaks the new orange", "May the spring stay, the spring return like a wing, gone without a trace", "People like the wind into the river and clouds, like the rain after the sticky ground", are all popular golden sentences. And this superb lyricist also served as a Lishui County Commander for three years.
Ming Chen Jiru
Joined Lishui and became a "haggard Jiangnan weary guest"
In 1084, Wang Anshi's transformation seemed to give the Great Song Dynasty a new atmosphere. One day in March, Emperor Shenzong of Song inspected Taixue, the highest institution of learning in the Great Song Dynasty. When the students got the news, they cheered and wrote essays in the hope of reaching the heavens. After inspecting the front and back halls of the Divine Sect, Li Qingchen handed over the articles of the Tai students one by one to the saint. However, none of the articles could penetrate the eyes of the Divine Patriarch until a "Bian Du Fu" was presented to the front of the temple. Shen Zong's eyes lit up, and he exclaimed: Masterpiece! masterpiece! Who is the author? Answer: Zhou Bangyan!
Zhou Bangyan, born in the first year of the reign of Emperor Renzong of Song (1056 AD), was given the name Bangyan by his father, and the character Meicheng quoted from the Book of Poetry lambs: "Pi Qi's son, Bang Zhi Yan Xi." As a child, due to his parents' doting, he had a flamboyant personality, so much so that he "did not push the weight of the state." When people commented on him as "neglectful and less inspected", that is, unselfish and unruly. In the second year of Emperor Yuanfeng of the Song Dynasty, that is, in 1079 AD, Taixue was entrusted with the addition of Tai's students, and Zhou Bangyan, who was twenty-three years old, passed the selection examination and became a Taisheng.
Emperor Shenzong immediately summoned Zhou Bangyan and ordered Li Qingchen to recite the "Fendu Fu" in public at the Ying Hall. The good story spread throughout the capital for a time: Zhou Bangyan, a native of Qiantang (Hangzhou), "married himself to the Ming Lord with cloth". Zhou Bangyan was promoted to Taixuezheng.
Soon, Emperor Shenzong died, his successor, Emperor Zhezong, was only ten years old, and Empress Gao stopped changing the law. At this time, the conservative faction began to settle accounts after the autumn, and even the "Fendu Fu" was also translated--Zhou Bangyan praised the great achievements of the Shenzong sect in the text, and was suspected of favoring the change of law. Zhou Bangyan was placed in Wang Anshi's camp. Fortunately, the Song Dynasty treated civilian officials well, and Zhou Bangyan was only a Beijing official.
In February of the eighth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1093 AD), when the spring was cold, Zhou Bangyan was appointed as the Commander of Lishui County, Jiangning Province, Jiangnan East Road, at the age of thirty-seven. When he first arrived, Zhou Bangyan's initial impression of Lishui was not good. Although this place is in Jiangnan, it is a "negative mountain", "the official endowment is vast, and the people are libied" - Lishui has many hills and hills, the people have heavy burdens, and many disputes.
In the rainy season of this year, Zhou Bangyan arrived at Wuxiang Mountain, so he had this song "Manting Fang Summer Wuxiang Mountain":
Wind old warblers, rain fat plums, noon yin Jia tree clear circle. The ground is near the mountain, and the clothes run fee stove smoke. People are quiet and happy, outside the small bridge, new green splashes. With a long time, yellow reed bitter bamboo, quasi-pan Jiujiang boat. Every year like a swallow, floating in the sea, to send rafters. And Mo Si was outside, long near the front of the zun. Haggard Jiangnan tired, unbearable, anxious to manage the strings. By the song feast, first put on a pillow and allow me to sleep when I am drunk.
The gist of the word is: the warm wind blows the warbler. The rain fertilized the plums. At noon, it is good to cool off in the shade of large trees. Lishui is low-lying and close to the mountains, so it is necessary to often use a smoke cage to dry clothes. I was bored, and the crows and eagles flew around to enjoy themselves, and there was the sound of running water from the small bridge over there. I leaned on the railing in a daze, full of yellow reeds and bitter bamboo, feeling like Bai Juyi was degraded to Jiangzhou (Jiujiang, Jiangxi), and I really hoped to take a boat to follow his tracks. Ah, year after year, I was like a house swallow, drifting everywhere and spending the night under the eaves. Hey, don't bother with things outside the body, or get closer to the wine glass! I was a Gangnam weary guest, haggard and tired. Can't stand the thrill of fast-paced music anymore. In the future, whoever engages in a song and dance feast, please arrange a set of pillow mats next to me, I am drunk, and I can sleep well.
Just when Zhou Bangyan was depressed, Lu Zhigong, a Taoist priest of Maoshan, came to visit and invited him to visit the "First Blessed Land". It turned out that Zhou Bangyan's uncle Zhou Ying had also served as the commander of Lishui County twelve years earlier (the fourth year of Yuanfeng). Lu Daoshi and Zhou Hao were old friends. The uncle's interpersonal relationship is the nephew's interpersonal relationship, and Zhou Bangyan gladly went there. At the Maoshan Lingxian Temple, Lu Zhigong arranged an initiation ceremony for Zhou Bangyan and gave him a copy of the Shangqing Dadong Zhenjing. Zhou Bangyan converted to Taoism and called himself a "halal layman".
Then, in accordance with the rules of the officialdom, he visited the local noble family, Li Shui Longgang Yu clan. Seeing the lush bamboo forest of the Yu family garden, Zhou Bangyan was continuously amazed. Who knows the master's way, this is the ancestor 42 years ago to repair the garden, plant bamboo to protect the flowers, do not want the bamboo branches to live, grow very luxuriant. Zhou Bangyan believes that it is difficult to take root in broken bamboo, which is a sign of auspicious rui, and suggests that the master repair the pavilion to commemorate it.
Zhou Bangyan also renovated the county court, the flower garden was also renovated, transplanted various plum blossoms, and named the water pavilion "Gu Shooting Pavilion", of course, this must be a classic - "Zhuangzi Getaway" "The Mountain of Defiance Shooting, There Are Gods and People Dwelling"; the pond was planted with lotuses and nominated for "New Green Pond"; the self-appointed residence "Xiao Xiantang", from Tang Gu's "Mountain Residence is a Matter". ”
Since then, every time he has a leisure, Zhou Bangyan will move a chair, take a fan, lie down in the flower garden water pavilion, fill in the words, and sing a few paragraphs. And listen to "Crane Chong Tian LiShui Longevity Township Works":
Plum rain, summer wind and, high willow chaos cicadas. The small garden is far away from the pond wave, and the fish plays with the new lotus. Tulle kitchen, light lupine fan, pillow cold mound cool deep courtyard. At this time the mood is this time heaven, nothing little fairy.
It is said that this poem is the most simple and easy to understand of all of Zhou Bangyan's works. As a result, many classical dictionaries are not included, and Hong Kong professor Luo Chenlie said in the "Notes on halal collections", "This word is not profound, far inferior to Lishui's work, so Chen Ben does not receive it." It should be known that Zhou Bangyan is proficient in musical rhythms, and the studio calls himself "Gu Qutang", comparing himself to Zhou Yu of the Three Kingdoms, and is known for his "elegant words" (legend has it that Zhou Yu is proficient in music, and there is an allusion to "the song is wrong, Zhou Lang Gu"). Now suddenly writing such a popular song is difficult to accept for a while.
Kiyoshi Hirohito
The source of Qinhuai, "see several Jiangmei"
While Zhou Bangyan was playing in the mountains and rivers, he also inspected the folk customs, and he found that the people of Lishui were loyal and honest, that is, they believed in ghosts and gods too much, and "worshiped the charms of the people", such as worshipping Guan Gong, Chenghuang, Yang Si and so on. In fact, most of these "charms" are not fictions, but real historical figures. It is just that the people of Lishui know how to be grateful and sacrifice those who have contributed to the salvation of the living in the midst of suffering.
Such a docile people did not let Zhou Bangyan worry about anything, he "sang songs for the government", after three years of "plucking the complicated drama", the people's lives have been greatly improved. So that eighty years later (Song has been south) a man named Qiang Huan came to Lishui to serve as a county commander, and he could still hear the common people praising Zhou Bangyan as an official and a clean and honest official, with outstanding governance achievements, and of course, there were lyrics that had been sung.
Lishui is so magical, people who have just come here always feel that it is remote. After a long time, I couldn't help but sigh, Lishui came to know well. When Zhou Bangyan first came, he said that Lishui was "close to the mountains", which was actually the meaning of poor countryside and remote land. But he is now in love with the place. He often went to the countryside to make secret visits, and when the meal arrived, he casually went to a certain people's house to rub a firework and make a barbecue together next to the well in the small courtyard.
After walking through spring, summer and autumn, Zhou Bangyan finally ushered in the first winter in Lishui, and he found that winter here is very beautiful, because the plum blossoms are blooming. This aroused his enthusiasm for creation, and he wrote a large number of Yongmei words, directly pushing the history of Lishui Meixiang to a thousand years ago.
And look at this "Jade Candle New":
After The new wax of Xiyuan, see several jiangmei, cut at the beginning. Halo crisp jade, fang Ying tender, so the spring heart light leak. Maemura last night, wanted to get the moon dusk time. The lonely shore is steep, the shadow is oblique, and the fragrance is dark and stained with sleeves. Zun Qian endowed with a variety of materials, asked the scenery outside the ridge, do people know? Shouyang Fendou, in the end, is not similar, and the branch of the water is thin. Wind and rain show. Good mess, bustling and prosperous. Must believe, QiangDi ruthless, look and play.
Chen Si said in the Annals of the Halal Residents that "Xiyuan" is the three sects from Lushan Mountain that entered the waters of Qinhuai. That is to say, this yongmei word was written at the source of Qinhuai in the East Lushan Mountains of Lishui. Rejoicing, since then, Qin Huaiyuan has the background of Song Ci, and I don't know if the "several Jiangmei" that Bang Yan saw is still there?
Look at this song "Red Forest Near":
The wind and snow startled the first day, and the water town increased its twilight cold. The branches of the tree fall to the feathers, and the eaves of the teeth hang from the angular. Only the door piled up, but it is a pity that it is destroyed. Gradually look at the low bamboo flip, clear pool rise slightly. The steps are just right, and the feast is happy at night. The plum blossoms are resistant to cold, and the pavilion comes into the ice plate. To the front of the mountain Yokosu, the clouds change color, put the cup with the high place to see.
Although Kunihiko still cites allusions, it is becoming more and more understandable and the meaning of the words is more cheerful. "Cai Xi", "Just right", "Fang Huan" - the author is so full of joy, facing the past, no longer sigh "Give me a broken mat, get drunk while sleeping." Now let the wind and clouds change, "put the cup and look at the high place."
Qing· Zou Yigui
On the occasion of parting, "the most hurried to the flowers"
Winter to spring, Zhou Bangyan gave Lishui a very poetic name - "Shuiyun Township". He lamented in "Red Forest Near Wing Xue" that "snubbed words are given to guests, Xiao Suo Water Cloud Township". Many years later, he recalled Lishui, still known as "water cloud" - "sideburns Wu Shuang is early white, and who reads, Yuxi news." He is full of water and clouds, looking at each other, there is no north or south. "It can be said that Lishui is the most peaceful place in his life.
In 1094, Emperor Zhezong took the throne and changed his era name to "Shaosheng". In the third year of Shaosheng, Zhou Bangyan's term of office expired and he was ordered to return to Beijing. Now that he is in his prime, he seems to have been sidelined by political strife.
Seeing that Zhou Bangyan was about to leave office, The Yu clan of Fenlonggang came to see him off and told him that the bamboo pavilion had been completed. Zhou Bangyan wrote "The Record of the Bamboo Pavilion" and sent Yu Shi high hopes. Sure enough, ten years later, Yu Li, a descendant of the Yu family, won the title. Unfortunately, the article "Bamboo Pavilion" was not examined until 1984, when Lishui County conducted a census of cultural relics and found the full text of Zhou Bangyan's "Bamboo Pavilion" in the "Yu Family Tree" in Kongzhen Township. This provides valuable information for zhou bangyan's research. The former site of the bamboo pavilion is in the First Junior High School of Lishui District.
Before leaving, it was a cold winter, and the plums were in full bloom, and Zhou Bangyan wrote this "Flower Prisoner":
The powder wall is low, the plum blossoms shine in the eyes, and the old flavor is still there. Dew marks light embellishment, doubtful clean wash lead Hua, unlimited beauty. Last year's victory reward was lonely, and the ice plate was feasted together. Even more unfortunate, the snow is high in the trees, and the incense camp is smoked. This year's flowers are the most hurried, and they seem to have hatred and sorrow when they meet. Groan for a long time, on the moss, spin to see the flying fall. Meet each other, crisp pills recommend wine, people are in the empty river smoke waves. But dreams, a dashing branch, the dusk obliquely shines on the water.
This poem is Zhou Bangyan's last plum appreciation in Lishui, expressing his attachment to Lishui in Meixiang.
After returning to Beijing, Zhezong summoned Zhou Bangyan and expressed his interest in the Fendu Fu. Zhou Bangyan understood the spirit and wrote "Re-entering the Capital Of Fen". In the first month of the third year of yuan fu (1100 AD), Emperor Zhezong died. Emperor Huizong ascended the throne and hoped that Zhou Bangyan would make some odes to the prosperous world, like the "Fendu Fu". But Zhou Bangyan replied: "A certain old man, quite regretful and less." ”
In the seventh year of Zhenghe (1117 AD), Zhou Bangyan served as the official of the Dasheng Prefecture, the highest musical institution of the imperial court. He did a lot of academic work in Dasheng Province, sorted out many ancient songs, and formulated standards for degree songs. In 1121, in the third year of Xuanhe, Zhou Bangyan was sixty-six years old and was sent by the imperial court to the Hongqing Palace in Nanjing (Shangqiu, Henan) for retirement. On his way from Yangzhou to his post, Fang La revolted in his hometown. Soon after, he died at Hongqing Palace. Six years later, Song Nandu.
Contributing writer Zeng Xianjun
Proofread by Faye Wong
Source: Purple Cow News