The Tang Dynasty poet Xu Yi once wrote a poem in which one of the sentences mentioned the Shu lord Liu Bei. Xu Yu wrote like this: Teacher Xu's poem can be said to be a lot of information, the old cain, refers to finding a hermitage, if you want to find a land for safe life and old-age care, you must not go to Liu Bei's country.
In fact, from Teacher Xu's pen, we can know that he did not approve of Liu Bei's country, and even some opposed and tired of the Shu state established by Liu Bei!
So why, hundreds of years later, some people still hate Liu Bei and disapprove of the Shu Han Dynasty? In fact, it is very simple, to put it bluntly, it is not to support, or even oppose, Liu Bei's original intention of establishing the Shu state.
So then again, is Liu Bei the Prince of Benevolence and Righteousness? Lord of virtue? I think the answer to this question is also the benevolent and the wise, but in the Three Kingdoms period, there were at least 5 or 6 heroes in the world, and they were not optimistic about Liu Bei!
In the Three Kingdoms period, who was not optimistic about Liu Bei? First of all, the first one was the king of Hanzhong at that time, and he was Zhang Lu, the founder of the Wudou Rice Sect!
Zhang Lu, one of the warlords of the late Han Dynasty, he also had an alias, "Rice Thief", why rice thief? Quite simply, Zhang Lu single-handedly founded the Wudou Rice Sect, which naturally has a certain relationship with rice. It is said that in the early years, Zhang Lu was on the streets of Hanzhong, providing free food, rice and so on to the people.
Later, Zhang Lu established the Wudou Rice Sect, and its congregation has reached tens of thousands. Since then, Zhang Lu has been divided into Hanzhong and can form a faction of his own in the chaotic world, which shows that Zhang Lu is indeed the number one person.
In 214 AD, Liu Bei, with the help of Ma Chao and others, had already entered Chengdu, but Hanzhong was still in Zhang Lu's hands. And Hanzhong is the throat of Chuan Shu, and Liu Bei is also determined to win! It was only said that time and manpower could not keep up for the time being, so Liu Bei temporarily postponed the idea of fighting Hanzhong.
As Liu Bei's natural enemy, Cao Cao was not a fuel saving lamp, and seeing that Liu Bei had become Chengdu, Cao Cao personally led a large army to attack Hanzhong, which was in the hands of Zhang Lu at that time. For Zhang Lu, his most direct way was to defect to Liu Bei. In this way, liu bei's strength could be increased, and cao cao could be avoided, and at the same time, his own treasury and money and grain could also be preserved to the greatest extent.
However, Zhang Lu did not choose to defect to Liu Bei. Instead, he decided to surrender to Cao Cao, and at that time Zhang Lu also said a very meaningful sentence: Zhang Lu's words, translated into the vernacular, are that I would rather be a slave to Cao Cao than a guest to Liu Bei!
Zhang Lu's words can be said to have a clear attitude, and in a literal sense, Zhang Lu even hated Liu Bei a little! So, why didn't Zhang Lu want to defect to Liu Bei? The real reason is also very simple, that is, Zhang Lu has seen through the hypocrisy of Liu Bei, and if he runs to Liu Bei, then his own followers and money and grain will all be possessed by Liu Bei.
And at that time, Liu Bei also said such a sentence.
Lu self-guarding thief, not enough to worry about also! At that time, Liu Bei's advisers, when how to look at Zhang Lu, Liu Bei said this. Although Liu Bei's sentence is less than 10 words, the amount of information is indeed very large. A "thief" character can see Liu Bei's attitude towards Zhang Lu. Then there is "insufficient worry", these three words, you can see that Liu Liu has the intention of annexing Zhang Lu.
On the other day, if Liu Bei freed his hand, then Zhang Lu, who was entrenched in Hanzhong, would be annexed by Liu Bei. In this way, the Wudou Rice Sect, money and grain, and territory that Zhang Lu had been operating for many years would also be destroyed.
Fortunately, Zhang Lu had foresight, he took the lead in showing goodwill to Cao Cao, first of all, Cao Cao was a person with clear grievances, and at the same time he represented the Han Room, so when Zhang Lu came to attack Hanzhong, he directly gave up contact with Cao Cao's two soldiers, but led the soldiers to Bazhong to avoid Cao Cao's front. Before Zhang Lu left Bazhong, he had well preserved the money, grain, military resources, and weapons in the treasury and did not burn them, which was actually a gesture of goodwill to Cao Cao.
Later, Cao Cao learned of Zhang Lu's true purpose and praised Zhang Lu's previous behavior. Zhang Lu was made the "Marquis of Xiangping", and all five of his sons were also given the title of Marquis of Lie. The most crucial point is that Cao Cao moved Zhang Lu's family, including the WudouMi Sect he founded, to the area of Yecheng, and later the WudouMijiao sect developed rapidly and became a veritable great religion.
Zhang Lu defected to Cao Cao, not only saving his family, but also preserving the Wudoumi Taoist Sect founded by one hand. If Zhang Lu had chosen to become Liu Bei's guest at that time, I am afraid that the fate of the Wudou Rice Sect would be difficult to grasp.
In fact, in addition to Zhang Lu, who would rather die than defect to Liu Bei, there is another person who would rather die than surrender Liu Bei, he is Pound.
In 219 AD, Guan Yu, who had just finished the Dragon Boat Festival, began to send an army to the Northern Expedition. At this time, Liu Bei was busy cleaning up the Battlefield of Hanzhong and appointed a new Governor of Hanzhong, Wei Yan. However, Liu Bei did not pay any attention to Guan Yu's Northern Expedition, and not only did not give Guan Yu military support, but also did not give Guan Yu military resources and manpower supplements.
Although Guan Yu had an advantage in the early stages, but later Cao Wei came a fierce general, this person frustrated Guan Yu, Guan Yu's forehead was injured, it was also caused by this person, he was Pound.
Pound, since Ma Chao's defeat, followed Cao Cao. At that time, Yu Ban was afraid that Pound would never return, so he personally met Cao Cao and asked that Pound be replaced! However, Pound said in front of Cao Cao' face, "I have received great king Ende, how can I rebel!" Then he prostrated his head vigorously, and his head was broken, so Cao Cao agreed to Pound.
Sure enough, after Pound came to the front line, he was not afraid of Guan Yu at all, and also let the soldiers carry the coffin to the front of the battle to fight Guan Yu, with the determination to defeat Guan Yu with death. General Pound, who was originally a general of Western Liang, not only had extraordinary courage, but also had a high degree of archery, and I am afraid that except for Lü Bu and Huang Zhong, who could match him, few people could become his opponents.
And Guan Yu, even if he can defeat Pound de on the weapon, but when it comes to the arrow method Guan Yu is indeed a bad pang de, Guan Yu was shot in the forehead and his arm was poisoned, and later Guan Er Ye used the soaring Han Shui to defeat Pound De and Yu Ban's Seventh Army.
Although Yu Ban said that he was the commander of this army, Guan Yu was dismissive of him, but Pound was a general that Guan Yu especially wanted to surrender. First, Pound's strength is extraordinary, and it can be said that there are few opponents in the entire Three Kingdoms. Second, if Pound is surrendered, it will also greatly hit Cao Wei's military heart.
But what about Pound? When Guan Yu said that Pang Rou and Ma Chao had timed out, he not only denied Ma Chao, but also explained that he and his brother had already broken off their righteousness! At the same time, Pound also angrily scolded Liu Bei, in short, he would rather die than enter Sichuan Shu. The implication is that it is even more impossible to serve Liu Bei, so why does Pound have such abnormal speech? Why would he rather die than defect to Liu Bei?
There are actually three main reasons, one of which is that Pound's old lord Ma Chao has defected to Liu Bei.
After Ma Chao defected to Liu Bei, although his position was improved, he did not have any sense of existence, and he often worried about being punished by Liu Bei and dealt with! At this time, Ma Chao has basically reached the ceiling of his career, that is to say, even if Liu Bei arbitrarily makes ma Chao difficult, Ma Chao can only serve in Shu Han.
Therefore, Ma Chao's life in Shu Han is described by a key word, "often with danger and fear", just ask such a day, will Pound be willing to go? This is a point, moreover, Pound had previously carried Ma Chao away, how could he now go to Shu Han, and how could he face Ma Chao?
Moreover, Ma Chao has courage and strategy, as Pound has said before! How could he possibly be a colleague with such a person today?
Second, it was because of Liu Bei. Liu Bei is actually a "nepotism" approach. If Pound de defected to Liu Bei, he would certainly not be used by Liu Bei, and perhaps he would also be punished by Liu Bei, just like his old master Ma Chao, to take a false post, and finally slowly be hollowed out.
Third, Zhang Lu refused to defect to Liu Bei and surrendered to Cao Cao, which was also the fundamental reason for Pound's consideration.
Zhang Lu's defection to Liu Bei may not have good fruit to eat, while cao Cao's surrender is different, not only is his family saved, but even the Wudou Rice Sect he founded has been left behind. And Pound will definitely follow a magnanimous and responsible lord like Cao Cao, and will not follow a master like Liu Bei, who has a set on the surface and another set on the inside.
Before He was executed by Guan Yu, Pound personally told Guan Yu that Liu Bei was an incompetent man, and if he did not pay attention to benevolence, he would not be Cao Cao's opponent at all, and sooner or later he would be destroyed by Cao Cao! In this regard, although Guan Yu did not make any response, friends who really read it will know the deep meaning of this!
Overall, the main reason why Pound And Zhang Lu were unwilling to surrender to Liu Bei was that Ma Chao clearly knew it. Of course, when Guan Yu defeated Maicheng, he might also be able to understand why Zhang Lu and Pang De would rather die than surrender to Liu Bei.
In fact, except for Zhang Lu and Pound De, who were unwilling to follow Liu Bei. At that time, there were still many people who were unwilling to follow Liu Bei, including Chen Deng in Xuzhou before him, and Liu Bei's good brothers, and even the Wen Ping of Jingzhou, these people were not willing to follow Liu Bei to fight the world, I think there is also their reason.
Just as Ma Chao submitted to Liu Bei in that year, when Ma Chao used his most elite troops and soldiers in order to take Chengdu, but after Liu Bei really got Chengdu, he only gave Ma Chao a false position, and I am afraid that even Zhao Yun felt that ma Chao was not worth it. And finally? Although Liu Bei and Ma Chao are related, Ma Chao still can't get rid of the fate of being suspended by Liu Bei!