In 1949, when Chiang Kai-shek was defeated and retreated from Taiwan, he lamented: "It was the Duan brothers who destroyed the southeastern half of my country. ”
The Duan brothers here refer to the two brothers Duan Boyu and Duan Zhongyu. Why did Chiang Kai-shek sigh so much? It turned out that when Chiang Kai-shek was defeated and retreated to Taiwan, it was Duan Boyu who repeatedly used his position in the middle to delay the transportation of materials to Taiwan by the elder Chiang Kai-shek, and also sent materials, weapons, and important information to our army on many occasions.
It can be said that it was Duan Boyu's fearless spirit that left a lot of materials and intelligence for our army when Chiang Kai-shek defeated and retreated from Taiwan. Now that Elder Duan has passed away for many years, I would like to use this article to commemorate the thrilling and tortuous revolutionary experience of Duan Lao more than 70 years ago.
On July 9, 1904, Duan Boyu was born in Mengyi Village, Li County, Hebei Province. His father, Duan Yunfeng, had followed Dr. Sun Yat-sen and was a classmate of Chiang Kai-shek when he was studying at the Baoding Military Academy in Hebei Province, and he was still at the same table.
Because Duan Yunfeng was older than Chiang Kai-shek, Chiang Kai-shek called him a brother. Until one day, the Duan family sent a happy event, Duan Yunfeng rushed home, saw his wife give birth to a son, and his heart was very happy.
After returning to the military academy, he told Chiang Kai-shek the good news. Jiang said: "Congratulations, congratulations, congratulations on your joy to your son, I don't know if Brother Shi has named his son?" Duan Yunfeng replied, "Not yet." ”
Subsequently, Chiang Kai-shek gave Duan Yuefeng's eldest son the name of Duan Boyu. The meaning of Yu is the meaning of grand, which means that in the future, Duan Boyu can have lofty ideals and deeds.
Later, when Duan Boyu was seven years old, he was sent to school. In school, Duan Boyu has always been the student with the most problems, and he has to ask the root of what he doesn't know.
At that time, just before the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution, activities in Hebei were more frequent, and Duan Boyu's teacher Jin also participated. Duan Boyu saw that the teacher was always mysterious and mysterious, so he asked what was going on? The teacher originally did not want to tell him, but seven-year-old Duan Boyu asked the end.
After the teacher told him the truth. However, the seven-year-old Duan Boyu said: "It is not enough to pull the emperor off the horse, but also to completely eradicate the feudal system and eliminate all the corrupt officials who exploit the people." ”
Duan Boyu's words surprised the teacher very much, and he did not expect that the child who had just been seven years old had such an enlightenment. Since then, the teacher has regarded Duan Boyu as a key training object. Later, when Duan Boyu was in middle school, he joined the revolutionary organization.
However, Duan Boyu's ambition was not only to save the country in books, he decided to join the army. However, he thought that the soldiers on the front line were too bitter and dangerous, so he thought of studying medicine and then going to the front line to become a military doctor.
In 1923, Duan Boyu was admitted to Hebei University in Baoding, majoring in medicine. Here Duan Boyu got to know Dai Peiyuan, an underground party member, and had the privilege of learning about the history of the CCP, and Duan Boyu believed that only the CCP was the real salvation of the country.
Unfortunately, Dai Peiyuan was forced to leave the school because he was betrayed. Duan Boyu's wish to join the party was not realized. But he still actively organized and led the rebellion against feudalism and carried out a series of patriotic movements. However, at the time of the patriotic action, Duan Boyu did not abandon his studies, and when he graduated from college, he was still an excellent student in medicine.
Later, on the recommendation of his father's friend, Duan Boyu came to the Thirty-second Army of the Nationalist Army to work as a military doctor. After becoming a military doctor, he gradually discovered that the internal affairs of The Jiang Army were really too corrupt, and many generals were based on personal interests, and Duan Boyu believed that such an army had no future.
It was not until after the Double Twelve Incident in 1936 that he saw that the CCP was a unit that focused on national interests and put national interests first, and greatly admired the hearts and deeds of the CCP leaders. Coupled with the fact that after the anti-Japanese war, the Eighth Route Army of the Communist Party of China achieved a great victory in the ping-type Guan, and it is a sharp contrast to the record of Chiang Kai-shek's repeated defeats.
Duan Boyu had the idea of wanting to go to Yan'an to join the CCP. Later, in February 1938, he took a long leave of absence in the name of visiting relatives and traveled from Guangdong to Yan'an to look for ccp organizations.
Yan'an Revolutionary Organization
After arriving in Yan'an, Duan Boyu actively participated in the study of kang da, during which time he also met with many CCP leaders. He was also personally received by Chairman Mao.
Subsequently, Duan Boyu said that he wanted to join the party. The chairman said: "You are the military doctor of the Thirty-second Army, and we are very cautious in developing party members in friendly armies. Zhou Enlai is in charge of this work, you still go to Chongqing to find him, he will give you a satisfactory answer. ”
In this way, Duan Boyu came to Chongqing to meet with Premier Zhou. Later, at the recommendation of Premier Zhou, Duan Boyu joined the Communist Party. He also pointed out that he should lurk inside Chiang Kai-shek for a long time and pay close attention to the dynamics of Chiang Kai-shek.com.
Duan Boyu accepted this task without hesitation and returned to the Thirty-second Army. Duan Boyu, who left the army for half a year, was not punished, but was also promoted, which was inseparable from his father's relationship, which can be seen in the corruption of the internal relations within Jiang Jun.
Duan Boyu, who returned to the army, was determined to do some work for the CCP. Later, he bought guns at his own expense many times and personally delivered them to the organization, twice before and after, and sent a total of more than 240 pistols.
Until 1943, Duan Boyu was sent to Chongqing Army University for further study, where he met many like-minded friends and was still an important general within Chiang Kai-shek's army.
During his stay at Lu University, Duan Boyu studied hard and carried out rigorous theoretical research on the history of Chinese and foreign wars. Because of Duan Boyu's outstanding military talent, when he graduated from the seventh term of Lu University in 1946, Duan Boyu was invited to the rostrum as an outstanding cadet.
And met Chiang Kai-shek here. Chiang Kai-shek asked Duan Boyu, "Are you Duan Yunfeng's eldest son?" Duan Boyu replied, "How do you know my father's name?" ”
Chiang Kai-shek said: "I am your father's classmate, your name is still obtained by me, your brother's name is Duan Zhongyu, he is still a major staff officer in my attendant room, his name is also taken by me, your father did not tell you, right?" Duan Boyu was suddenly shocked.
With this layer of relationship, Duan Boyu was soon transferred to work by Chiang Kai-shek. On the recommendation of Qian Dajun, a senior general of the general, Duan Boyu became a senior staff officer in Chiang Kai-shek's attendant room.
To this end, Chiang Kai-shek also praised: "All three of you Duan family fathers and sons have graduated from Lu University, and they are really the pillars of the party and the state." However, at this time, Chiang Kai-shek could not have imagined that Duan Boyu would be a member of the Ccp.
Until 1947, Duan Boyu was promoted to major general gao staff because of his excellent work, mainly responsible for intelligence work, and belonged to the secret unit where Chiang Kai-shek's crimes were at stake.
Duan Boyu, who became a major general and a senior counselor, was indeed a clean and honest person within the Jiang Army, which was corrupt in military style at that time. It did not eat, drink and transfer assets every day like other high-ranking officials. Rather, it is focused on how to save the country and the people.
Until March 1949, Chiang Kai-shek's army experienced the defeat of the three major battles of Liaoshen, Huaihai and Pingjin, and everyone knew that the defeat of Chiang Kai-shek's army was sooner or later. The People's Liberation Army's Campaign to Cross the River immediately began, and in order to make a contribution, Duan Boyu asked his superiors for sick leave on the pretext of going out for recuperation.
In reality, however, he was shuttling between Nanjing and Hangzhou, preparing to organize an uprising. Duan Boyu stayed at the Dongwu Hotel in Jiaxing in the name of doing business, and got in touch with Jia Yibin of Jiang Jun's 37th Division, who was originally a classmate of Lu University.
Jia Yibin
Duan Boyu said: "Now that the situation has become obvious, the People's Liberation Army has frequently won victories throughout the country, and Jiang Jun has also gone downhill, what do you think we should do?" Jia Yibin said: "I think I have the opportunity to grab the armed forces myself and openly work with Chiang Kai-shek." ”
The two of them studied an all-nighter and decided to convene an uprising assembly, which was set for April 7. Subsequently, under the organization of Duan Boyu, a Jiaxing uprising that shocked the whole country broke out in the early morning of April 7, 1949.
When Chiang Kai-shek learned the news, he was dizzy, slumped down in his chair, and ordered: "Let Tang Enbo, who is stationed in Shanghai, organize 100,000 people and horses to intercept Duan Boyu and Jia Yibin and his gang." ”
At 5 p.m., the rebel troops met Jiang Jun in Tongxiang, Zhejiang Province, and the situation was very critical. However, Duan Boyu and Jia Yibin and others did not panic, but calmly commanded the breakthrough.
Battle of the River Crossing
In the end, after paying nearly half of the casualties of the troops, the rebel forces were able to break through successfully. At this time, our army has also crossed the Yangtze River.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Premier Zhou once said to Duan Boyu and Jia Yibin: "The reason why our army was able to cross the river smoothly is inseparable from your rebellion, organizing a major uprising, and containing the strength of Chiang Kai-shek's army to defend the river. After 1949, he was appointed Prime Minister of the Council of State and Chief of Administration of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Duan Lao died in Beijing on September 23, 1998.