Yongzheng killed the beginning and end of the year

Nian Qianyao (1679-1726), also known as Liang Gong (字亮工), was a famous general of the Qing Dynasty in China. Originally from Huaiyuan County, Fengyang Province (now part of Anhui), he was later transferred to the Han Army with a yellow banner, and was a member of the Kangxi and Yongzheng dynasties of the Qing Dynasty, who was born as a jinshi, and was an official to the viceroy of Sichuan, the viceroy of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and the general of Fuyuan, and was also given the title of Taibao and a first-class duke, and a high-ranking official. He strategized and galloped across the battlefield, cooperated with various armies to quell the chaos in Tibet, led the Qing army to quell the Qinghai Lobzang Tenjin, and made outstanding military achievements. In 1724 (the second year of Yongzheng), when he entered Beijing, he received special favors from the Yongzheng Emperor. However, in December of the following year, the situation changed suddenly, and he was stripped of his title by the Yongzheng Emperor, listed ninety-two major crimes, and committed suicide in 1726 (the fourth year of Yongzheng).

Nian Qianyao, originally from Huaiyuan, Anhui, was a ming dynasty Hubu Shangshu. During the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, his clan migrated to Nianjiagang in Fengyang, Anhui, and later moved to Guangning County, Shengjing (present-day Shenyang), where they joined the Han army and set up a yellow flag. Nian Qianyao's father, Nian Lingling, was an official in Huguang. In the thirty-eighth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1699), Nian TangYao was raised. In the thirty-ninth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1700), the Three Nobles of the United Jie dynasty were changed to the Shu Jishi of the Hanlin Yuan (of all the Jinshi, only the first three of them could directly enter the Hanlin Academy, and the elite examinations of the Second and Third Grades could become the Shu Jishi, and their duty was to explain the history books to the emperor and help the emperor draft edicts, and was the emperor's secretary). In the forty-second year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1703), the museum was dispersed (Shu Jishi generally lasted for three years, during which various knowledge was taught by experienced people in Hanlin. Three years later, the examination is carried out before the next test, which is called "scattered". ), grant review (those with excellent grades remain in Hanlin, teach editing or review, and officially become Hanlin). In the forty-fourth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1705), he served as an examiner for the Sichuan Township Examination. In the forty-seventh year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1708), he was promoted to the rank of Scholar of Hanlin Academy and examiner of the Guangdong Township Examination. In the forty-eighth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1709), he was appointed as a cabinet scholar with the title of Rebbe Attendant. In the same year, the fourth son of the emperor, Yin Chanjin, was made the Prince of Yong and served as the lord of the white flag, and Nian Qianyao's sister Nian Shi was elected as the side Fujin of Prince Yong, so Nian Qianyao became a close confidant of Prince Yong. In the same year, Nian Qianyao was carried into the Han army with a yellow flag and was appointed as the governor of Sichuan.

In the fifty-sixth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1717), Dzungar Tse-tser-de-Alabutan sent a general to attack Tibet and kill Lhazang Khan. The Viceroy of Sichuan, Kang Tai, led his troops out of Huangshengguan, but there was a mutiny among the soldiers. Nian Qianyao then sent the general Yang Duxin to care for the generals, and secretly called Kang Tai to lose the heart of the soldiers, asking him to personally go to Songpan to assist in military affairs, and sent the capital Tongfa La to lead troops to Sichuan to eliminate the rebels. In the fifty-seventh year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1718), when the Alabutan occupied Tibet, Nian Qianyao Shangshu requested the establishment of a post station from the Arrow Furnace to Litang to ensure the logistics of the Qing army, so he was appreciated by Kangxi and was appointed as the governor of Sichuan and the inspector of Songpan. Sixty years after the Kangxi Dynasty, governor of Shaanxi, Sichuan. After that, Nian Qianyao made many military achievements in the border and became an important general who supported Yongzheng.

When Kangxi died, there was a serious struggle between the brothers. Yongzheng recalled the fourteen brothers who were in charge of military affairs and had military power to return to Beijing to mourn, let Yanxin go to management, and let Nian Qianyao assist in handling it. Nian Qianyao assisted Yongzheng in succeeding in ascending the throne, and was given a heavy responsibility, and in March of the first year of Yongzheng, he was awarded the title of Crown Prince Taibao and a third-class duke. In October of the same year, he was awarded the title of General of Fuyuan and led Yue Zhongqi and others to march on the invading Lobzang Tenjin and was given the title of Duke of the Second Rank.

In the second year of Yongzheng, Nian Qianyao continued to attack, capturing Lobzang Tenzin's mother Altai Katun and his brother-in-law Krekzinong Zang Bajicha and others, and Lobzang Tenzin fled into the Dzungar department with more than 200 remnants. Subsequently, rebellions across Qinghai were suppressed. When the banshi returned to the dynasty, Yongzheng personally greeted him and was promoted to the rank of first class duke.

Nian Qianyao's arrogant performance in public office has the following aspects: First, he is good at being a Weifu. Nian Tangyao was proud of his high merits, and the arrogance and arrogance were getting worse and worse. In the official exchanges, he was arrogant and imposing; he gave items to subordinate officials to make him bow his head to the north; the documents sent to the governor and general, which were originally parallel official documents, but they were good at calling the edicts and regarded their colleagues as subordinates; even the king of the Mongol Zasak County, Ah Bao, had to kneel and pray when he saw him. Preferential treatment should be given to the imperial guards sent by the imperial court, but Nian used them as front and rear guides and slaves with stirrups. According to the system of the Qing Dynasty, whenever the edict arrived in the place, the local officials had to greet the edict, perform three kneeling and nine prostrations, and kneel to invite Saint Ann, but Yongzheng's edict went to Xining twice, and Nian Qianyao could not read the edict. What's more, he had presented to Yongzheng Jin the "Lu Xuan Gong Gong Discussion" that he had funded and engraved, and Yong Zheng intended to write the preface himself, but it had not yet been written, and Nian Qianyao himself actually drew up one and asked the Yongzheng Emperor to approve it. Nian Qianyao also stopped his disrespect in front of Yongzheng, sat in front of the imperial court, and no one was polite, and Yongzheng was quite unhappy in his heart. Second, forming a party for personal gain. At that time, in the selection of civil and military officials, all those who were guaranteed by Nian Qianyao were given priority in the recruitment of officials and soldiers, known as "annual elections." He also ostracized dissidents and appointed private individuals, forming a small clique headed by him, with Officials from Shaanxi, Gansu, sichuan, and Sichuan as the backbone, including officials from other regions. Many of the people who were in the official arena saw that Nian Qianyao was gaining momentum and his power was expanding day by day, so they raced to run to his door. And Nian Qianyao is also a person who pays attention to cultivating private forces, and every fat and lack of beauty must be installed with his personal cronies, and dissidents are reprimanded and recommended by those who tend to go. For example, he impeached Zhao Zhiyuan, who was directly subordinate to him, for being inferior and unscrupulous, and he could not be ordered to be an inspector, and recommended his personal Li Weijun. Zhao Zhiyuan lost his official position because of this, so he turned to Nian Qianyao's men and gave him jewels worth 200,000 taels. Nian Qianyao took advantage of Yongzheng's second year to enter Beijing, specially brought Zhao to Beijing, and repeatedly pleaded for an introduction to ensure that his people could be used. In the early years, Jiangsu Envoy Ge Jikong also sent various precious antiques twice, and Nian Qianyao promised to take good care of him in the future. In addition, Nian Qianyao also borrowed the opportunity of the soldiers to fake military merits, so that his unnamed family slaves Sang Chengding and Wei Zhiyao were appointed as directly subordinate Daoists and acting deputy generals respectively. Third, greed for wealth. Nian Qianyao was greedy and bribed, and eroded money and grain, accumulating millions of taels. In the early years of the Yongzheng Dynasty, rectifying the rule of officials and punishing corruption and perverting the law was an important reform measure. At this juncture, Yongzheng will not let go easily.

Yongzheng's punishment of Nian Qianyao was also carried out step by step: the first step was around the time when Yongzheng left beijing in November of the second year of Yongzheng, at which time Yongzheng had already made a decision to attack Nian Qianyao. The Zhu Edict that Nian Qianyao received after he left Beijing was a hint to him. The second step is to greet the relevant officials. First, Yongzheng's cronies demanded that they draw a clear line with Nian Qianyao and expose Nian Qianyao's bad deeds in order to strive to save themselves; first, people that Nian Qianyao did not like, so that they knew that the emperor was going to rectify Nian And let them take a firm stand; first, people who had a general relationship with Nian, let them be vigilant, alienate and get rid of Nian Qianyao, and not take the wrong side. This prepares the way for the public disposal of Nian Tangyao. Step 3: Point the spearhead directly at Nian Qianyao and transfer him away from the old lair in Xi'an. In the first month of the third year, Yongzheng's dissatisfaction with Nian Qianyao began to become public. Nian instructed Hu Qiheng, the governor of Shaanxi, to participate in the shaanxi Yidao Jin Nanying incident, and Yongzheng said that this was Nian's practice of appointing private individuals and forming friends in a disorderly manner, and would not be allowed to play it. Nian Qianyao had participated in the impeachment of the Governor of Sichuan, Cai Jue, who had threatened to force the prefect Jiang Xingren to die, and Cai Xun was deposed and sentenced to be beheaded after interrogation, while Nian Qianyao's personal wang Jinghao was able to serve as the Governor of Sichuan. At this time, Yongzheng had secretly decided to attack Nian Qianyao, and after Cai Jue was taken to Beijing, Yongzheng did not agree with the Punishment Department to imprison him, but instead summoned him specifically. Cai Ju described the situation in which he was framed for opposing Nian Qianyao during his tenure, and played various situations of Nian Qianyao's greed. Yong Zheng then sent an edict saying: Cai Ju was attended by Nian Qianyao, and if he is brought to justice, people will definitely think that he killed nian Qianyao after listening to his words. In this way, Nian Qianyao was able to control the handle of the imperial court's prestige. Therefore, Yongzheng not only did not punish Cai Jue, but also promoted him to the post of Zuo Du Yushi and became a powerful tool against Nian Qianyao. In March of the third year of Yongzheng, there appeared the so-called auspicious rui of the sun and the moon, the five-star joint pearl, the group of ministers called He, and Nian Tangyao also praised Yongzheng for sleeping at night and striving for excellence. However, the handwriting in the table is sloppy, and for another moment he neglected to mistake chaoqian ti as xi ti chao qian. Yong Zheng seized on this handle to play with the topic, saying that Nian Qianyao was not originally a careless person, and this time he deliberately did not attribute the four words of Chao Qian Xi Ti to his ear. He also believed that this was his self-esteem and his disrespect, so his achievements in Qinghai were also between permission and disapproval. Yongzheng then replaced officials in Sichuan and Shaanxi, first dismissing Hu Qiheng, a close confidant of Nian Qianyao, and transferring The Acting Governor of Sichuan, Natai, back to Beijing so that he could not rebel in office. In April, he dismissed Nian Qianyao from his post as viceroy of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and ordered him to hand over the fuyuan general Yin and let Yue Zhongqi concurrently serve as the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and was transferred to the general of Hangzhou. And because of his vain participation in Jin Nanying, he stripped the Taibao title. In July, he was successively demoted to the second and third class dukes, and demoted to idle flag bearer, and Emida succeeded the general of Hangzhou. In August, Li Weijun was arrested for forming a party with Nian Qianyao, and Nian Qianyao was successively demoted to a first-class son, a first-class male, and a first-class light vehicle lieutenant. Nian Qianyao still had illusions, and stayed in Yizheng, Jiangsu, and waited and watched, and instructed Zhu Jiong of Xianning County, Xi'an Province, to request that he be retained as the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and also said that "the subject does not dare to live in Shaanxi for a long time, nor does he dare to go to Zhejiang, and now he is waiting for the place where Yizheng has land and water transportation." "Yongzheng angrily rebuked Nian Tangyao" and waited and watched, not knowing what to do. At one point, Li Weijun, the governor of the prefecture, played three books in a row, denouncing Nian Qianyao for "using power to make a fortune, recruiting power and bribery, expelling the same party, risking military merit, embezzling state funds, killing innocents, and maiming good people." In September of the same year, more than 700 innocent people were unjustly killed because Nian Qianyao had caused the illegal salt of Guoyang, and Yongzheng was furious and ordered all of Nian Qianyao's official positions to be removed and arrested and sent to Beijing. In December of the third year of Yongzheng, he was given death for ninety-two major sins.

The Yongzheng Emperor was a very controlling person, he wanted to put everything under his control, and all the behaviors of Nian Qianyao in the later period made Yongzheng feel threatened, and Nian Qianyao himself was indeed a bit of a self-inflicted guilt. He prided himself on his high merits, arrogantly self-respecting, and was good at making a fortune, did not know the slightest sense of humility and self-preservation, did not abide by the way of a courtier, and did things that exceeded the duties of a courtier; moreover, he planted the party for personal gain, took bribes and bribes, and "did not act law in the public, and had no scruples at all", which was not tolerated by the law of the land and was also hated by Yongzheng. This is a great taboo for meritorious heroes, and it is bound to be a good ending.