As one of the most outstanding disciples of the Confucian school, how did Mencius evaluate his predecessors?
Mencius said that Confucius left quickly when he left the state of Qi, but when he left the state of Lu, he walked very slowly. Three steps and one look back, two steps and one look back.
He said that because Luguo was my parents' country and my hometown, I really didn't want to leave, so I had to go back and forth when I left. In Mencius's eyes, this example shows that Confucius has his own grasp and measure according to different times and different situations.
Then Mencius analyzed what kind of person Confucius was. He said that Confucius could do something "quickly and quickly", which means that it can be done quickly, then it is fast. It can be "long and long", if you want to delay the time a little, you have to extend the time, just like when you leave the country of Lu, it will be done for a long time, and it will be done for a long time.
It can be "everywhere", which means that you can live here, you can wait here, stop and stop. I can "serve as an official", that is, I can assume certain administrative tasks, and I can do something meaningful for the imperial court, for the king, and for the country. This is the characteristic of Confucius: he walked fast, walked slowly, stagnated there, and worked effectively.
So Mencius concluded that if Bo Yi is the one who is high among the saints, the one who is high among the saints, Yi Yin is the bearer among the saints, and The easy-going among the saints, then Confucius is the saint, the most appropriate person among the saints. There are different coping strategies according to different times.
Compared with those people, Confucius is a collection of great achievements, because he is not one aspect, but he has both responsibility and purity, both easy-going and flexible, in line with the characteristics of time and place. Several aspects of wisdom, several aspects of benevolence, several aspects of handling and coping are good, so he is a master.
Confucius also used the phrase "golden sound and jade vibration" to explain what is called ji Dacheng: the golden sound refers to the sound of the bell striking metal is loud and beautiful, and its echo is constantly ringing. Yu Zhen is saying that when a music ends, it seems that the jade is vibrating, warm and warm, and it is endless for a long time. Because the jade is very warm and the sound is not too loud, the sound of this bell is very advanced.
Confucius is such a person, he can do what he can do, he can't do a set of what he can't do. Mencius spoke, in fact, the Seventeenth Analects also talked about it, and the saints also had all kinds of things, but Confucius was a collection.
Because Confucius encountered more difficult situations, he was not popular in many places, was not understood, and even some people wanted to harm him. In different situations, he has different ways of dealing with it. Especially in the state of Lu, he had already held an official position, but he found that King Lu did not adopt his virtue of benevolence and righteousness, the way of benevolence and righteousness, so he found an excuse and left there, not wanting to make the contradiction more acute.
These places show that Confucius's heart is very careful, and the method of handling it is not extreme. Why use the term "golden sound and jade zhen" to describe Confucius? That is to say, at the beginning he had the atmosphere of the beginning, like a big bell, making a sound, and at the end he had the calmness of his end, like a jade object, still vibrating there.
Now when we say Golden Sound, we mean that the sound is good. When Mencius described Confucius, he meant a good beginning and a good end, both a good beginning and a good ending.
In a sense, the end is more important than the beginning. The things under the world, "there is no beginning", there is no beginning, there is no such thing without a beginning. The key to "fresh grams has an end" is not that you start, but that you end just right. This is where Confucius is superior to others, so Confucius is Dacheng, the most holy teacher of Mencius' collection.
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