The country is picturesque, the wind is surging, the world is in turmoil, and the hero is heroic. Whenever the world is in turmoil, there will always be countless heroic people and literary giants, and a hundred years ago, China was in a moment of suffering under fire, and it was also a moment of extreme activity and glory in modern history in thought and culture.
Many ideological theories have poured into the long-closed gates of China, and the flame of revolution has rapidly burned on the land of China with the efforts of people of insight.
But in the magnificent revolutionary movement, there are also several discordant syllables, the Cantonese military general and the first premier of the China Zhi Gong Party Chen Jiongming has always been regarded by the National Government as a traitor to the revolution, and between him and the father of the country, Sun Yat-sen, there have been fierce contradictions, and he has even been regarded by Dr. Sun Yat-sen as a great hatred in his life.
Xiu Cai was born and spent half his life on horseback
Chen Jiongming was born in Guangdong at the end of the Qing Dynasty, and when he was 21 years old, he won the Xiucai, although the Qing Dynasty was already a building that would fall into the city, but it was still not an easy task to get Xiucai, so he was also a well-respected reader in the local area.
After the restoration and change of the law, new schools began to be established throughout the country, and Chen Jiongming entered the newly established Guangdong School of Political Science and Law, and his results were as good as ever, and after graduation, he served as a member of the Consultative Bureau and proposed many insightful draft laws in a row.
By chance, he came into contact with the new bourgeois revolutionary party at that time, the League, and for a while, he was quite surprised by the advanced ideas advocated by this party, although he had always received feudal education, Chen Jiongming quickly accepted the advanced revolutionary ideas, and joined this party, and began to actively organize various work in Guangdong.
Before and after the Xinhai Revolution, the revolutionary mood was high throughout the country, and Chen Jiongming also joined the famous Huanghuagang Uprising, and also served as the captain of the fourth team of the death squad, a literati who had been reading sages since childhood, and picked up a gun and began to make a revolution.
Huanghuagang Uprising
After the Wuchang Uprising, Chen Jiongming was appointed as the acting governor of Guangdong because of his outstanding military achievements and outstanding talents. However, after the fruits of victory in the Xinhai Revolution were stolen by Yuan Shikai, Chen Jiongming was very dissatisfied and strongly opposed Yuan Shikai's restoration, denouncing him by declaring the independence of Guangzhou.
The gun shot the head bird, Yuan Shikai killed the chicken and the monkey, pointed the gun at him, Chen Jiongming fled to Singapore, but when he was overseas, he also paid attention to the domestic political situation, and actively contacted the revolutionaries who were scattered overseas to gather their forces together.
Under his active contact, a group of people from the original Nationalist government gathered together and planned to set up a separate portal to form an organization called the China Water Conservancy Promotion Society, which made him and Sun Yat-sen gradually become bitter, and since then, the political positions between the two have gradually drifted apart.
Yuan Shikai
Contradictions intensified, and indignation broke down
In 1916, Chen Jiongming returned from Singapore to his hometown of Guangdong, formed a team of garrison forces and local militia in the Dongjiang area, and joined the struggle against Yuan Shikai.
During this period, his relations with Dr. Sun Yat-sen maintained a brief period of harmony, and he not only expressed great support for the "Dharma Protection Movement", but also followed Sun Yat-sen's instructions and returned to Guangdong to defeat the Gui warlords who were entrenched there.
Then he was appointed governor of Guangdong Province and commander-in-chief of the Cantonese army, becoming the representative of the Cantonese warlords, although he was a warlord, but he was very different from the generations of the people who divided the fish and meat on one side.
However, in 1921, when the revolution was about to usher in the dawn of the revolution, Chen Jiongming changed his original positive revolutionary attitude, not only strongly opposed Sun Yat-sen's appointment as a very big president, but later directly quarreled with Sun Yat-sen on the idea of the Northern Expedition, and even used his resignation as a threat to oppose the Northern Expedition, with an unusually resolute attitude.
At the time, this was absolutely against the tide, so he was also seen as a reactionary force. During this period, he repeatedly blatantly obstructed this nationwide revolution, so he was recognized as a traitor to the Great Revolution, and Sun Yat-sen was immediately indignant about what he had done.
The real break between the two was due to the death of a very special person, this person was Chen Jiongming's most trusted chief of staff of the Cantonese Army, Deng Hao, who also held a very important position in the Northern Expedition, responsible for the planning of the rear. But just as he was returning to Guangdong after his expatriate work, he was assassinated at the station.
At that time, the news of his death also shocked the entire National Government, and both Chen Jiongming and Sun Yat-sen identified each other as the black hands behind this matter, so the already tense relationship was even more precarious.
In 1922, Chen Jiongming was dismissed from three official positions by Sun Yat-sen, deprived of the right to speak, and returned to Huizhou where he had stayed to live a secluded life, at which point, the relationship between the two was officially broken, and Sun Yat-sen also publicly expressed his criticism of Chen Jiongming many times, regarding him as a great hatred in his life.
In fact, the most fundamental difference between the two of them lies in political opinions.
After jointly promoting the "Dharma Protection Movement", Sun Yat-sen has always strongly advocated "centralization" and the establishment of a republican system, but Chen Jiongming wants to take the line of "autonomy for provinces", which in Sun Yat-sen's view is no different from those Beiyang warlords who have just been overthrown, so it is inevitable that its existence will not be tolerated.
Dharma Protector Movement
The reputation is mixed and controversial
After being stripped of his official position, Chen Jiongming returned to Huizhou to live in seclusion, Chen Jiongming has always received the attention of various forces, all hoping to incorporate this force into his command, but Chen Jiongming has always refused the invitations of all parties, quietly lived in a corner, did not defend the name of the traitor on his head, and no longer asked any political affairs.
History has always gone in unexpected directions, and soon after Chen Jiongming retired, senior cantonese generals plotted a military coup to oust Sun Yat-sen from the position of very large president.
After hearing this news, Chen Jiongming knew that it was not good, and quickly sent a letter to ye Ju, one of his cronies, one of the masterminds of the coup, hoping to stop this action, but unfortunately, it was already a situation with an arrow on the string and had to be sent.
Subsequently, Ye Ju led his subordinates to launch an artillery bombardment of the presidential palace, but before that, he had secretly called to inform him to flee, but asked Sun Yat-sen to keep his previous promise and step down as president.
After leaving the presidential palace, Sun Yat-sen did not flee directly, but boarded a warship and went to war with Ye Ju and others who created the coup, and the artillery fire fell mercilessly on the land of Guangzhou that night, and many innocent people suffered.
After the incident, Chen Jiongming was implicated and was regarded as the spiritual leader behind this military coup, and the hat of "traitor" was firmly held on his head, which also confirmed his previous speculation: once the Cantonese army rebelled against his grandson, the evil of the world would belong to me. Since then, in his textbooks, he has become a rebellious revolutionary rebel party.
In 1933, Chen Jiongming, who lived in seclusion in Hong Kong, died of illness, and many scholars began to study his life and rehabilitate him, and for a while, many people realized that perhaps he was not a revolutionary traitor with the warlord style and ideological solidification as the world remembered, and fully affirmed his talents and merits, and all walks of life also mourned him.
Everyone is an independent individual, and is a complex and multi-faceted individual, and the image of no one is one-sided. Those historical figures who have been written in history books and have been characterized actually have a very three-dimensional personality and complex experiences, and no one is simply a good person or a bad person, and Chen Jiongming is the same.
Although in the historical records of the National Government, he has always been defined as a traitor to the revolution, but there are still many people who praise him, and many praise his military ability and affirm the role he has played.
From the perspective of today's people, he did things that went against the trend of history and caused obstacles to the Northern Expedition, but in his lifetime, he also contributed a lot to democracy and progress, and he has always had a very deep love for the country and his homeland.
Even if he lived overseas in his later years, he still cared about the country, and after a hundred years, he also explained that future generations should bring their bones back to their homeland and rest in the mud of their hometown forever.