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There are many people who know Ouyang Xiu, but there are very few people who can read him.
I know that he is a generation of literary heroes, but I can't imagine that when he was young, he was also unruly.
Knowing that he was an important minister of the imperial court, he did not understand that he was in direct confrontation with his political enemies, and even did not hesitate to offend the emperor.
I have read his "Drunken Pavilion", but I do not understand why I evaluate both ends, praise his optimism and openness, and there are also those who evaluate negatively and decadently.
Mr. Nan Huaijin once said: "Cultivate virtue in good times, cultivate the heart in adversity, only when a person is under the infinite pressure of adversity, will he understand in pain what is the taste of life." ”
Ouyang Xiu, who has walked through good times and carried through adversity, knows the taste of life better than ordinary people.
Reading Ouyang Xiu, you can also understand life.
Youthful, dashing and indulgent
In this life, people have met many people, but few have affected the trajectory of life.
For Ouyang Xiu, his boss Qian Weiyan was undoubtedly the latter.
At that time, Ouyang Xiu, Fang Cai Jinshi and Di, soon married the daughter of the mentor.
The title of the golden list, the flower candle in the cave room, when he went to Xijing as a push official, he was really proud of the spring breeze.
Such "newborn calves", even if they are not suppressed, most of the superiors are still subject to restraint.
Qian Weiyan is not the case.
He treated young talents kindly, not allowing them to bury their heads in trivial official duties, but encouraging him to enrich his knowledge and enjoy life.
Once, the young and greedy Ouyang Xiu put down his official duties and went into the Song Mountains with his friends to enjoy the snow.
Plain snow, fresh breeze into the sleeve, ice and snow world, majestic and magnificent.
Ouyang Xiu was intoxicated, and when he was about to return, Fang felt that it was late.
In the midst of embarrassment, a group of people from afar conveyed Qian Weiyan's dictation:
"The government's official duties are simple, and there is no need to work around the clock. Since Lang Jun had already come with excitement, why did he return in defeat? You might as well settle down. ”
Behind him, there stood kabuki and cooking, which had been specially arranged by his superiors.
The chief was so affectionate, Ouyang Xiu became more and more indulgent.
In the Song Dynasty, there was a system of official prostitutes, and such women could sing and dance with wine, but could not serve pillows privately.
Ouyang Xiu, however, had an affair with an official prostitute.
The two are in love, the banquet is late, and the banquet is eyebrow-raising.
In the face of questioning, the official prostitute excused that she was late in search of gold noodles.
Qian Weiyan knew it in his heart, and laughed and said that if he had a good word from the Ou Tui official, he would pay the price.
Ouyang Xiu did not hesitate, thought a little, and filled in a gap of "Linjiang Immortal Liuwai Light Thunder Pool on the Rain":
The rain on the light thunder pool outside the willow, the sound of rain dripping and breaking the lotus.
The west corner of the small building is broken.
Lean on the dry side and stay in the moon Watson.
Swallows flew to peek at the painting building, and the jade hook hung down the curtain.
Cool waves do not move the pattern flat. Water spirit double pillow, leaning over the fallen cross.
After the rain, the first sunshine, the beauty leans alone and thinks, until the moon hangs in the blue sky.
Isn't that golden noodle falling on the side of the water spirit double pillow?
A few words, picturesque. Qian Weiyan was amazed and indeed paid the price.
As a result, a questioning turned into a good story in the literary world.
The chief did not say that he broke it, which not only made the subordinates restrain somewhat, but also did not dampen the young man's vigor.
Some people criticized qian Weiyan for being too indulgent to the backwards.
As everyone knows, he was originally the Prince of Wuyue, and he also had great ambitions when he was a teenager.
Only with his father to surrender to the Northern Song Dynasty, his identity was sensitive, and he had to restrain his edge.
Qian Weiyan understood that life is very long, but youth is very short, like ripples of clear water, which have not yet been seen clearly, but they are swinging away.
And Ouyang Xiu, taking advantage of his youth, let him be dashing and indulgent?
Even if the high-ranking officials are thick in the future, such an unrestrained day will hardly be seen again.
Moreover, Ouyang Xiu was not obsessed with Fengyue, and he was studying ancient Chinese in an effort to break the humble literary style.
It's not that he doesn't work hard, he just doesn't rush to make a quick profit.
For the rest of his life, it was also as Qian Weiyan expected, with a high position of authority and a heavy heart.
Want to buy osmanthus flowers with wine, the end is not like, juvenile tour.
Conquer the Sea of Stars
Everyone has their own destiny, some people are tender grass, can enjoy the rain and dew and sunshine, and some people are pine cypresses, destined to frost and snow.
Ouyang Xiu was undoubtedly a pine cypress, and no matter how indulgent he was, he would eventually undertake the mission to conquer the Sea of Stars.
At that time, the Northern Song Dynasty was facing the political dilemma of "three redundancy and two accumulations", and Song Renzong appointed Fan Zhongyan to reform the maladministration, but he was deposed because it touched the interests of conservatives.
The counselor Gao Sizhi not only did not perform his duties, but also fell into the well, and Ouyang Xiu was indignant and wrote the famous "Book of Advice with Gao Si".
Even if it is suspended for a thousand years, you can feel its anger from between the lines.
"Yesterday, When An Dao degraded the official, Shi Lu was treated for a crime, and he was able to see the scholar and doctor with his face, and to go in and out of the DPRK and call him a counselor, but he no longer knew that there was shame in the world."
He spoke generously and bluntly, and the High Priest was so hypocritical and flattering, and he also called himself a counselor, which was simply shameless.
At the end of the writing, Ouyang Xiu had put his life and death on the line, and even asked the other party to take this text to the court and let the emperor execute himself, so that the people of the world would know Fan Zhongyan's grievances.
Under pressure from all sides, Emperor Renzong had no choice but to demote Ouyang Xiu to an official.
However, he did not lose heart and slackened his political achievements at the local level, and returned to the central government a few years later, this time he was still firm in reform.
Seeing that the reformists were being reused, the conservatives attacked with the "partisan theory" to touch the most sensitive nerves of the emperor.
Sure enough, if Emperor Renzong had any points, he asked Ouyang Xiu, "I only heard that villains will form parties, but will the original gentlemen also?" ”
Ouyang Xiu was not in a hurry, and he wrote "The Theory of Friends", and the next pen was extraordinary.
"But the courtiers are said to be villains without friends, but gentlemen have them." Why? The villain's favor is profitable, and the greedy are also rich. When it is equally beneficial, the temporary party is regarded as a friend, and the pseudo-party is also false. ”
In his view, villains have no friends, and gentlemen have friends.
The former is to fellowship with interests, and to be exhausted is to be friends, while the latter can be consistent because of their like-mindedness.
If the emperor can abandon the hypocrites of the villains and use the true friends of the gentlemen, the world will inevitably be ruled.
A remark that has turned the enemy's weapon into its own weapon is a shocking case.
Ouyang Xiu not only defeated his political enemies in terms of wisdom and strategy, but also crushed them in his chest, temporarily appeasing Emperor Renzong.
Such pen power is also admired by the people of the world, and in order to overthrow this literary suzerain, the conservatives can be described as painstaking.
During the Qing Dynasty, the Kaifeng Government tried a Fengyue case.
The woman confessed that she had stayed in her uncle's house and had had an unrequited love affair with him.
Her uncle was none other than Ouyang Xiu.
The court officials, the love of incest, the whole world is in an uproar.
Ouyang Xiu calmly defended that when this woman entered the house, she was still seven years old.
Conservatives have long been prepared, turning out his filled in "Wangjiang Nan, Jiangnan Liu":
"Fourteenth and fifteenth, idle holding the pipa search." Walk up the stairs and down the steps, and pay attention when you see each other. Not to mention today. ”
The political enemies were far-fetched, and when the little girl entered the palace, Ouyang Xiu was already paying attention.
When the cardamom is beautiful in color, the natural "flowers can be folded and folded".
Some things, from the perspective of others, are not Erl.
For the parties concerned, every minute and every second is an ordeal.
In this way, a generation of grandmasters Ouyang Xiu, saddled with the incest scandal, degraded the official Chuzhou.
Later generations Huang Zongxi said: "The great husband acts on right and wrong, regardless of the stakes; on obedience and disobedience, regardless of success or failure; on all the worlds, regardless of life." ”
Ouyang Xiu may have used similar words to comfort himself.
But the bitterness in my heart, how can I really comfort her with a few bold words?
To achieve ideals, it is not only the glory of cutting through thorns, but also sometimes carrying the stigma pointed out by thousands of people.
However, whether he degraded officials or humiliated them, he never reneged, and always rose to the occasion, which is exactly the difference between Ouyang Xiu and ordinary idealists.
A thousand sails have passed, calling himself a drunkard
The ideal has achieved Ouyang Xiu and changed Ouyang Xiu.
When he degraded Chuzhou, he wrote the "Record of drunken Pavilion".
The reason why this article is a famous passage through the ages is not that the pen is strong and strong, but the life situation after the end of the thousand sails.
At first glance, Ouyang Xiu was joyful.
Although he was a degraded official, he was light-hearted and meagre, had quite a political achievement, enjoyed with the people, and felt happy.
But if you taste it carefully, you will find that he clearly has sorrows.
Otherwise, it will not be "drunk less and drunk", calling itself a drunkard;
There will be no guests to rejoice, only he is "pale and white-haired, decadent in the middle.".
But joy is true, and sorrow is true.
Ouyang Xiu tried to dilute the pain with pleasure, and sure enough, he tasted a little sweetness in the bitterness.
At this moment, he finally understood life.
Whether it is the indulgence of youth in the past, or tit-for-tat confrontation with political enemies, it is inseparable from the favorable time and place.
When the heavens and the earth work together, the heroes are not free.
Trapped by the current situation, their political ideals are ultimately just mirrors and flowers, not human beings.
But it can not be born by the world, but it can also benefit the people and enjoy with the people.
Although this happiness is not pure, laughter and tears, but in the unfree life, dominate their own soul.
A few years later, Ouyang Xiu was recalled to the imperial court, and on the surface, he was still so persistent and resolute.
For example, in the second year of Jiayou (1057), his chief examiner selected talents.
At that time, there was a literary school called "TaixueTie", which liked to write articles with their teeth bent to show their knowledge.
Ouyang Xiu saw such articles and did not admit them. After the release of the list, some candidates were indignant and threatened to beat the main examiner on the street, and they did not back down.
At his insistence, many candidates who wrote too much about the academic style changed their style of writing, and even changed their names and surnames to participate in the imperial examination, and were finally admitted.
Also admitted were Su Shi, Su Rui, Zeng Gong and others, whose stars shone brightly, revitalized the literary style of the Northern Song Dynasty, and realized the "literature to carry the tao".
All this is inseparable from Ouyang Xiu's tenacity and fierceness, however, he is indeed not the Ouyang Xiu of the past.
He was determined to reform, but he asked the emperor to resign six times.
In the fourth year of Xi Ning (1071), Emperor Shenzong had no choice but to grant permission.
According to the "Deeds of the Ancestors", the rapids retreated bravely, and there was no one in a hundred years, and the world admired.
Since then, there has been less of a high-ranking official above the temple, and there is more of a June 1 resident who loves the landscape and water.
The so-called "June 1st", Ouyang Xiu interpreted as 10,000 volumes of books, 1,000 volumes of words, a piano, a chess game, and often prepared a pot of wine, plus his own old man.
Some people talk about its negativity, which is a misunderstanding of Ouyang Xiu.
Unless the supreme wisdom, there is no heart.
Since political ambitions cannot be realized, returning to the garden is also the destination of life.
"Cai Gen Tan" has clouds: in the bucket room, all worries are donated, saying that even paintings flying clouds, bead curtains rolling rain; after three cups, a real self-satisfied, as slight as a suqin horizontal moon, piccolo listening to the wind.
After experiencing the ups and downs of the eunuch sea, but being able to enjoy yourself in the fighting room, between the piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, is it not a realm?
Let go of a thought, and feel at ease.
The people who criticize Ouyang Xiu actually don't understand Ouyang Xiu.
Be sober and open-minded and live in the moment
In this life, Ouyang Xiu has made achievements that are difficult for ordinary people to achieve.
He was a high-ranking official of the imperial court and a leader of the literary world, who was famous all over the world during his lifetime, and was posthumously known as "Wen Zhong".
However, he also experienced rare hardships, was repeatedly degraded, was stigmatized by incest, and sacrificed his life to achieve his political ideals.
But no matter the good times and bad times, he is always sober and open-minded and lives in the present.
When he was young, he was both dashing and indulgent and studious, and he was not eager to achieve fame;
In his prime, he fought fiercely with political opponents for his ideals, regardless of his own safety;
In the twilight years, knowing that ambitions are difficult to achieve, he can also let go of obsession and return to the countryside.
Lin Qingxuan said: "When we live in the moment, we can cut off the past sorrows and future fears; when we cut off the past sorrows and the fears of the future, we can get true freedom." ”
No matter the good times and bad times, always live in the present moment and maintain spiritual freedom, which is the most precious wealth left to us by Ouyang Xiu.