The Monument of the Yi que Buddha Shrine is also known as the "Chu Sui Liang Monument". The seal inscription "Monument to the Shrine of the Buddha of Yi Que". The fifteenth year of Zhenguan (641 AD) was carved in the Binyang Cave of the Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan Province. Here because the Xiangshan and Longmen Mountains on the east and west banks of the Yishui River are facing each other like a natural gate, it was called "Yique" in ancient times, and after the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was used to be called Longmen. The Monument to the Shrine of the Ique Buddha is about 5.00 meters high and 1.90 meters wide. Written by Zhongshu Shilang Cen text, advised the doctor Chu Suiliang book. There are thirty-two lines of words, and fifty-one words are full. More than 1,600 words. The inscription mainly records that Li Tai, the fourth son of Emperor Taizong of Tang, was excavated for his merits after the death of his mother Empress Wende's eldest son, and in the last years of Emperor Taizong's reign, Li Tai and the crown prince Li Chengqian competed for the crown prince's throne, and Li Tai used the merit of opening a cave for his mother to build a statue, which really won the favor of Emperor Taizong and gained political capital for himself. This stele was originally supposed to be a cave-making stele of Binyang Zhongdong carved by the Northern Wei Dynasty, but in order to save money in the Tang Dynasty, Li Tai actually grinded out the original inscription and re-carved it into the Tang Stele. Records of the stele first appear in Ouyang Xiu's "JiguLu" and Zhao Mingcheng's "Golden Stone Record" in the sixth year of Song Jiayou (1061 AD).
The Monument to the Shrine of the Buddha of Yi que is a representative work of the early Chu Shu. For the largest Chu Suiliang calligraphy seen in China at present, the font is clean and dignified, wide and ancient, and it is the standard early Tang Dynasty calligraphy. Although this stele is said to be a stele, it is actually a carved stone on a cliff. Both have the same function, and both are celebrated for merit. However, the conditions are different when creating, one is as flat as a mirror, while the other is uneven, and the environment of writing will not be so comfortable. Therefore, the characteristics of Moya calligraphy are self-evident. Because it was impossible to look closely and elaborately, it tried its best to exaggerate in momentum, the glyph was much larger than the stele, and the opening was free and easy. It is precisely at this point that the Han Dynasty's "Ode to the Stone Gate", "Ode to the Pavilion of the Qi", and "Ode to the Western Gorge", their opening of their temperament, the flying of rhyme, and the simplicity of nature, even the real masterpieces such as the "Ceremonial Instrument Stele", "Yi Ying Stele", "Shi Chen Stele" and other real stele masterpieces cannot be compared, and Chu Suiliang's "Yi Que Buddha Shrine Stele" is such a typical Moya style of writing.
The heirloom Ink Tuo is the best in the ming Dynasty He Liangjun Qing Sen Ge old collection of the early Ming Dynasty, the topography is exquisite, the words are as new; more than 50 characters more than those contained in the "Golden Stone Compilation", which were once collected by Bi Taki, Shen Zhida, Fei Nianci and so on in the Qing Dynasty, and are now in the Beijing Library. There are photocopies of this book.
The eaves-like building, the roof ridge is carved with the Kalinga bird, the Buddhist dapeng golden-winged bird, which is the protector of the Buddha. Under the roof ridge is the head of the cockroach stele, which is quite mutilated and the handwriting is more difficult to read. The lower part of the stele was originally a turtle constellation, which has long been damaged. On the forehead of the stele, the seal inscription is engraved with six characters of "Monument of the Ikan Buddha Shrine", which is quite famous as the "Monument of the Ikan".
Regarding the "YiYi Monument", as early as the Song Dynasty, the great literary scholar Ouyang Xiu had such a description in his "Collection of Ancient Records" - "Tang Qi Ju Lang Chu Suiliang's Book of the Three Niches", the calligraphy and painting are particularly great, in Longmen Mountain, Henan. Mountains and rivers, cute things, chiseled stones between the walls for the statue, built by Later Wei and Tang, but this three niches are the largest, it is Li Tai, the king of Wei, who made it for empress Dowager Changsun. ”
The "Three Niches" is what we now call the Three Caves of Binyang, and the "Records of the Three Niches" is also the "Monument to the Iris Shrine" - today, when you look at the Monument, you can still feel its heavy historical, literary and artistic value.
According to records, the "YiYi Stele" was carved in the fifteenth year of Emperor Taizong of Tang's Zhenguan (641) and was a vow made by Li Tai, the King of Wei, when he excavated the Binyang South Cave. However, according to expert research, before this, this stone stele should be a statue stele of Binyang Zhongdong in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and the inscription is the age of carving and the content of the statue in Binyang Zhongdong. When Li Tai succeeded in opening the Binyang South Cave, he polished the original inscription and engraved his vow, not only for his mother Empress Wende, but also for his own "tree stele to establish a legend".
Empress Wende was born into the Northern Wei imperial family, with the surname changsun, also known as Empress Changsun, and the Monument to the Shrine of the Buddha Shrine of Yi Yan praised her as "Dao Gao Xuan Yao, De Yu Kun Yi, Shu Sheng Table in Wu Wei, Rou Ming Extreme in Guangda", and used a large number of pages to depict an image of Emperor Taizong's Xianneisuke. Li Tai was the fourth son of Emperor Taizong of Tang and was quite talented, and the Monument to the Shrine of the Buddha shrine said that he was "talented and also a lily artist." Reading a hundred articles, nine of them flow in the sea of learning; the sun is three gifts, and all things are prepared in the forest of words", which is far higher than prince Chengqian, and shows his plot for the throne. However, in the subsequent court battles, the crown prince Chengqian was deposed as a Shuren, and Li Tai, who regarded himself as a high talent, was also demoted from the capital, but Li Zhi, the King of Jin, ascended to the throne of the emperor and became the later Emperor Gaozong of Tang- although Li Tai's purpose was not achieved, this wish left for posterity the evolution of the construction of Binyang Cave and the precious historical materials of the power struggle of the Tang Dynasty.
The literary and artistic value of the Yiyi Monument is more prominent. The inscription of more than 1800 words can be roughly divided into four sections, the first section preaching buddhism, the second section praising Empress Wende's "Shengde", the third section describing the situation of opening caves to beautify Li Tai, the King of Wei, and the fourth verse being "Ode". The whole text is not only neat and neat, the style of words is gorgeous, but also the calligraphy is elegant and the pen is strong, and it is known as the "work of heaven" of the writers and calligraphers.
The inscription was written by Cen Wen, a Zhongshu Sheren (侍郎) cen who was in charge of the edict in the palace of Emperor Taizong of Tang. When he was 14 years old, he fought a lawsuit for his father, defended himself in court, and was able to make the unjust case known because of his smooth speech and impeccableness. When a si official saw that he was a young wizard, he ordered him to write "Lotus Fu" in the hall and was greatly praised, and for a while his talent was famous, and he was personally promoted by Tang Taizong to the position of Zhongshu Shilang (中書侍郎), "a special canonical machine". The "Monument to the Shrine of the Buddha Shrine" that he drafted for Li Tai to catch the knife, using the style of the Sword, being respectful of the battle, the literary style is remarkable, the whole text is completed in one go, and there is no leakage, which can be called a representative work of Cen text.
The person who wrote the inscription was chu Suiliang, who was known as the Tang Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang, he was recommended by Xiangguo Wei Zheng to serve as a senior official, such as Qiju Lang, Counselor Dafu, and Zhongshu Ling, and in the twenty-third year of Zhenguan (649), he was assisted by Emperor Taizong's will, and Emperor Gaozong succeeded to the throne as the Duke of Henan County, known as "Chu Henan", and was later reprimanded for opposing Emperor Gaozong's establishment of Wu Zetian as empress, and died of melancholy. Chu Suiliangbo is involved in literature and history, Yougong calligraphy, following Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, Ouyang Qian, Yu Shinan after its own integration, especially in the late years of the calligraphy, Qing Xiujuan good, thin and powerful, "The Monument of the Yi Dynasty Buddha Shrine" is its most well-known masterpiece, but also the largest existing Chu body stele in China - because of the famous calligraphy of Chu Suiliang, the Yi Wei Monument is also known as the "Chu Sui Liang Stele".
"Yi que Buddha Niche Stele", written by Tang Cen text, Chu Suiliang book. Tang Zhenguan was established for fifteen years. regular script. This stele is carved into the cliff. His body is majestic and elegant, the pen is strong, dignified and magnificent, and the atmosphere is broad and broad, which is very different from the changes in calligraphy in his later years, Chan Juan Wanna.
Qing Liu Xizai: Chu Shu 'Yi Que Buddha Shrine Stele', which combines ou and Yu Zhisheng, to "Mercy" and "Holy Religion" are proposed. Although the Book of Kings flows carefully, it will eventually be inferior to its escape. (Art Overview)
Qing Liang Wei: Chu Henan Book "Records of the Three Niches of Longmen", middle-aged pen also, Ping Zheng Gangjian, Faben Ouyang, more than eight points, the inscription is particularly good. (Commentary)
Qing Yang Shoujing: Fang Quan Kuan Bo, Wei has it, not using Qiye, Gai Yu along the old grid of Chen and Sui, Dengshan began to strive to change the ear in his later years. I also know that Chan Juan Wanna wants this realm first. (The Book of Flat Tablets)
Chu Suiliang character Dengshan, Hangzhou Qiantang people. Straight to the point of riding Ryoko. At the end of the Sui Dynasty, he gave up his life for Xue Ju. Ren Gaoping (仁杲平), who was given the title of Emperor of Qin, joined the army. In the Zhenguan, the tired move to ju lang. Bo is involved in literature and history, and gong li kai. Emperor Taizong sighed, "Yu Shinan died, and there is no one who discusses books!" "Wei Zhengbai saw Suiliang, and the emperor ordered the attendants. Emperor Fangbo Wang Xi's old post, the world contended, but can not be true or false. Sui Liang's monograph is out of no imperturing one. For fifteen years, he consulted the doctor and knew about living matters.
In the palace of Shi Fei pheasant, the emperor asked, "Is it He Xiangye?" "Suiliang won his male and female princes with Qin Wengong, and Han Guangwu obtained his male and female from the four seas, and now male and female see it together, and use Mingde to oppose it." Emperor Yue, "A person cannot stand without learning." Suiliang's so-called multi-knowledgeable gentleman! "The Russian Prince guests." Enter the Yellow Gate Waiter and participate in the politics of the dynasty. The Father is bereaved, restored, and prayed to the Zhongshu Order.
Emperor Xiao was ill, summoning Suiliang and Changsun Wujie: "Emperor Wu of Han sent Huo Guang, Liu Bei cursed Zhuge Liang, and The Emperor Washu Qing. Prince Ren Filial Piety, his sincerity to supplement it. The prince said: "No scruples, no worries, no worries." "Because of fate, good grass edicts." Emperor Gaozong ascended the throne, sealing the Duke of Henan County and the Duke of Jin County. Sit out for the history of the same state. At the age of several years, he summoned the officials Shangshu and Tongzhongshu Menxia Sanpin to supervise the study of national history and was also a guest of the crown prince. Enter the Right Servant Of The Book of Worship. Because of the change of Wu Zhaoyi to Wu Zhaoyi, the Wu clan was established, and zuo moved to the governor of Liangtan Prefecture. In the second year of Xianqing, he migrated to Guizhou, and did not much, and degraded the history of Aizhou. Suiliang was troubled internally, afraid of death and could not explain himself, but the above expression was self-explanatory, the emperor was cowardly, and he was implicated in the empress dowager, and he was unconscious. He died at the age of sixty-three. In ancient times, the so-called one who was incapable of the great festival was owned by Chu Gong.