Horizontal comparison of Wang Yangming's Poyang Lake and Dongxiang Heihachirō's Tsushima Strait (Part 2)

In the context of the general context, this article discusses the causes and nature of the outbreak of the Rebellion of King Ning and the Russo-Japanese War. In the above context, whether it is Wang Yangming or Togo Heihachiro, they can only sustain themselves through mental learning, and cannot have a decisive impact on the big environment.

First, the causes of war are different, but they all have a bearing on the foundation of the country

Zhu Chenhao, the King of Ning, launched a rebellion for two reasons. One of the reasons lies in the entanglement of grievances among their ancestors. When Zhu Di first launched the "Battle of Jingnan", because of the shortage of soldiers and horses, he asked Zhu Quan for help. Promise Zhu Quan that if he wins the world in the future, he will definitely give him half of the land. However, when Zhu Di really ascended to the emperor's throne, he broke his promise, not only did not divide the world, but also refused king Ning's request to change suzhou, Qiantang and other places, and only gave him a poor Nanchang fief. Later, Zhu Quan's grandson Zhu Dian Pei took the throne, and the emperor of the Ming Dynasty also cut off the guard of king Ning and changed it to Nanchang Zuowei. Another reason is that Zhu Houzhao himself is absurd and unscrupulous, and the national strength of the Ming Dynasty is gradually declining. So Zhu Chenhao secretly accumulated strength, recruited soldiers, and waited for the opportunity. After a period of dormancy, in 1519, Zhu Chenhao felt that the time had come, so he raised his arms and officially rebelled, which was called the Rebellion of King Ning, also known as the "Rebellion of Chenhao".

The rebellion brought deep disasters to the people of Jiangnan, especially Nanchang, and caused social chaos. Emperor Mingwuzong's southward parade further deepened this catastrophe. As a result, popular resentment boiled over, and class contradictions became more acute.

The Russo-Japanese War was a war fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire from 1904 to 1905 over the Korean Peninsula and Northeast China. One of the main elements of the Russian Plan for the Far East was the invasion of northeast China and the Korean Peninsula, dividing it into its own sphere of influence. After the Meiji Restoration, Japan also moved toward expansion, and the first step in Japan's mainland policy was to invade korea and northeast China, and then to invade the Chinese mainland. In July 1900, Russia took advantage of its participation in the Eight-Power Alliance to suppress the Boxer Rebellion and sent troops to occupy three northeastern provinces of China. Contradictions between Japan and Russia have further intensified. On February 6, 1904, Japan sent a note to Russia to terminate negotiations and sever diplomatic relations. Japan was prepared to settle its disputes through war in order to ensure the implementation of its expansionist policies, which were vital to the fate of the nation.

Second, wars are of different natures, but they are all urgent

Due to the successful case of Zhu Di, the King of Yan, seizing the throne first, all the princes of the Ming Dynasty coveted the throne. For a long time, the Ning King's army had a great contradiction with the real holders of imperial power, and the contradictions between the two sides accumulated day by day, and finally broke out in the form of the Ning King's Rebellion. The Rebellion of king Ning was fundamentally a struggle for imperial power within the ruling class at that time.

On June 14, 1519, Zhu Chenhao killed the Ming Dynasty governor Sun Xuan and the deputy envoy Xu Kui of Jiangxi, leading an army claiming 100,000 and sending them all over the country to accuse Emperor Wu of all kinds of wrongdoings. In early July, Zhu Chenhao left his troops to defend Nanchang, and personally led his army to cross the river to the east, captured Jiujiang and Nankang, came to Jiangxi, and led his troops to attack Anqing by boat, hoping to capture Nanjing. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was only a peasant uprising, and after occupying Nanjing, it was able to negotiate with the Qing government for more than ten years. If King Ning occupied Nanjing, the impact on the Ming Dynasty might be even greater, and the suffering of the people would be even deeper.

The Russo-Japanese War was not only a gross violation of China's sacred territorial sovereignty, but also caused the people of northeast China to suffer unprecedented disasters in the war. The Russo-Japanese War was waged in the northeastern part of Chinese territory, the product of the irreconcilable contradictions in the expansionist policies of the two imperialist countries.

Due to China's defeat in the Sino-Japanese War and Russia's performance in the "three-state intervention to restore the Liao", the Qing government basically adopted the united Russia policy in relations with Japan and Russia after the Sino-Japanese War. Russia's long-awaited plan to build the Trans-Siberian Railway to Vladivostok via northeast China was realized. In March 1898, Russia forced China to lease Lushun and Dalian to it, and forced China to allow it to extend the Middle East Railway to these two ports, then west to Yingkou and east to the Yalu River. In 1900, under the pretext of suppressing "rioters" and restoring order, Russia sent 200,000 troops to invade northeast China. Although, later, against the opposition of other powers, Russia nominally agreed to withdraw its troops from the northeast, in reality the Russian army legalized the occupation of northeast China in the name of protecting the railways. At the same time, Russia has actively supported pro-Russian forces in Korea and tried to replace Japan's position in Korea. Russia's aggressive expansionist posture in northeast China and Korea sharpened the contradictions between the two. Seeing that "every day, or even an hour, of delay increases Russia's chances of victory," the Japanese ruling clique stepped up its preparations for war with the support of Britain and the United States, and on the night of February 8, 1904, the war was undeclared. Since then, the imperialist war of plunder that the Japanese and Russian ruling groups have been preparing for a long time has broken out.

Later, we will analyze the course and results of the war, from which we can see Wang Yangming's pure use of the study of the heart in the counter-rebellion, and the practice of the study of the heart by Togo Heihachiro.