Peach borer
Aliases: peach borer, peach fruit, peach borer, leopard moth, fruit spot borer moth, peach spot borer and so on
Commonly known as: heartworm, heartworm
Hazard characteristics
The peach borer is extremely heterogeneous, and there are more than 40 species of host plants. Can harm pomegranates, chestnuts, dates, hawthorns, peaches, pears, plums, apricots, plums, apples, grapes, persimmons, cherries, walnuts, citrus, sweet oranges, navel oranges, grapefruit, olive handles, longans, figs, lychees, busy fruits, wood polo, papaya, ginkgo biloba and other fruit trees; Sunflowers, castor, sorghum, corn, soybeans, lentils, cotton, ginger and other crops; Pine, fir, cypress, ailanthus and other forest trees. The peach borer is extremely harmful, and even devastating in some hosts. Pomegranates are one of its main hosts. The peach borer nibbles on the fruit of the larvae borer pomegranate, causing the fruit to rot. The initial symptoms of harm are not obvious, and in the later stage, there is insect feces excreted or yellow-brown sap flowing out of the calyx, and the fruit rots. Some of the affected fruits fall off, and a small number of fruits become zombie fruits, hanging in orchards, and often have larvae overwintering. The general orchard damage rate is 20% to 40%, in severe cases 40% to 70%, and in large cases up to 90%, resulting in the destruction of the garden, which is one of the main problems in the production of pomegranate-producing areas for many years.
Morphological characteristics
(1) Adult worms. Body length 10~15mm,
Weekly exhibition 20 ~ 26mm, all yellow to orange yellow, the back of the body, forewings, hindwing scattered black spots of different sizes, like leopard print. The female moth has a conical end of the abdomen, and the male has a black tuft of hairs at the end of the abdomen.
(2) Eggs. It is 0.6 to 0.83 mm long and 0.4 to 0.6 mm wide, oval in shape, with a fine and irregular mesh pattern. Over time, the color fades from milky white or beige at the time of initial birth to orange, and becomes reddish-brown in the early stages of hatching, which can be used to speculate on the spawning time.
(3) Larvae. The body length is 18 to 25mm, the back of the body is mostly light brown, light gray, light gray blue, dark red and other colors, and the ventral surface is light green. The head is dark brown, the anterior thorax shield is brown, the hip plate is gray-brown, the hair patches of each body segment are obvious, gray-brown to black-brown, the hair patches on the back are larger, and there are 6 above the throttle of the 1st to 8th abdomen, in two horizontal columns, the first 4 and the rear 2. The valves are oval in shape, and the surrounding valve slices are black-brown protrusions. The ventral toe hook has an irregular 3-sequence ring. (4) Cheeks. Length 11 ~14mm, spindle shape. Initially pale yellowish-green, it gradually changes to yellowish brown to dark brown. Head, chest and
The abdomen is densely covered with small protrusions on the back of the 1st to 8th segments, with a spike on the anterior and posterior margins of the 5th to 7th abdominal segment, and 6 gluteal spines on the unsuspic abdomen
Regularity of occurrence
There are large differences in the algebra of peach borer occurrence in China. For example, there are 2-3 generations in the northern provinces, 3 to 4 generations in North China, 3-5 generations in Northwest China, 5 generations in Central China, and 5-6f generations in South China. The insect mainly pupates as old mature larvae in the cracks in the bark of the tree, branches, tree holes, dry zombie fruit, fruit storage, under the soil blocks, stone crevices, horticultural cloth and mulch, chestnut shells, corn and sorghum straw, weed piles and other places. In the northern region, overwintering larvae generally begin pupating in the second sentence of March, begin feathering in mid-to-late April, and enter the peak of human feathering from the second sentence of May to early June. The daily concentration is mostly concentrated at 7:00 ~ 10; 00 feathers, with 8; :00-9;00 is the most numerous and concentrated. Adults often rest on the back of the leaves, dense foliage or pomegranate fruit during the day, and fly out at night to complete mating, spawning and feeding activities, and adults supplement nutrition by eating flower stasis, dew and mature fruit juice. Eggs can be seen in the field in mid-May, and the peak period is from late May to early June, until the end of the month, and the eggs are visible, and the generation overlap is serious. Adult spawning is mostly concentrated in 20;00~22:00, mostly in the pomegranate calyx and fruit and fruit, fruit and branches, leaves contact. At the egg stage of 3 to 4 days, the hatching larvae spit silk in the calyx, stem or fruit surface to eat the peel, and after 2 years of age, the moth fruit feeds on the grain, and the moth hole commonly excretes filament-conjugated brown granular feces. With the prolongation of moth feeding time, insect feces can be seen in the fruit, accompanied by decay and mildew characteristics. The larvae are 5 years old and mature after 15 to 20 days.