Listen to Han Brick say Cao Zhi

□ Reporter Zhang Yimeng

Lin Hu, correspondent of this newspaper

"The east wind and drizzle are coming, and there is light thunder outside the hibiscus pond." The spring awakened by the sting, written by a talented man more than 1,700 years ago, was used as a metaphor for "Wen Ruo Chunhua, Si Ruo Spring", and was also used to praise Roselle 's "Rong Yao Qiu Ju, Hua Mao Chun Song", which made people yearn for it.

This talent was the literary scholar Cao Zhi of the Three Kingdoms period. Cao Zhi was once the King of Dong'a, and his outstanding literary talents and fruitful literary achievements have long been recognized by the world. But there are still many things that are not known about his burial after his death. It is generally believed that Cao Zhi was buried in Yushan, Dong'a County, but there are also constant doubts: there are several Cao Zhi tombs throughout the country, such as Huaiyang (ancient Chendi) in Henan, Qibu Village in Tongxu County, Bo County in Anhui (Gu Pei GuoDi, Cao Zhi's original hometown), Feidong and other places, and stone monuments are carved in front of the tombs.

Yushan Mountain, the altitude is not high, the momentum is not strong, it is a small hill. Calling it a mountain is a reflection of a sentence in Liu Yuxi's "Buried Room Inscription": "The mountain is not high, but the immortal is named." Emperor Liu Che of the Han Dynasty personally came to the mouth of the Yellow River and composed the Song of the Urns: "... The river is not peaceful, and the mountain is peaceful when the merit is gone. Wushan Pingxi is overflowing with huge fields, and the fish are lush and cypress in winter..." The "Notes on the Water Classic" refers to Wushan as The Fish Mountain. At the Liaocheng City Museum, there is a Han brick (pictured left) that is the treasure of the town museum. This Han brick corroborates the historical event that Cao Zhi was buried in Yushan.

The timeline is pulled back to 1977, when another comprehensive inspection of the tomb of Cao Zhi in Yushan was conducted. Finally, cultural relics workers found a yin inscription brick in the upper right wall of Cao Zhi's tomb door, which is about 3 meters high and 1.45 meters wide, with a brick color of blue and hard texture, 43 centimeters long, 20 centimeters wide, 11 centimeters thick, and weighing 14.2 kilograms. There are inscriptions on three sides of the brick. Han bricks, together with portrait stones, are the same building materials for Han Dynasty tombs, which are part of the tomb structure on the one hand, and an artistic ornament on the other hand. The carvings on the Chinese bricks are all-encompassing, complex and beautiful. Both the painted and embossed images are vivid and lively, and the lines are flexible; the stories expressed in them are miniatures of the society at that time.

This brick inscription was sent to the Palace Museum in Beijing, and after Mr. Gu Tiefu's examination, it was believed that the inscription "Taihe Seven Years March 1 Day Nong Shuo FifteenTh Day Bing Wu YanZhou Assassination Shi Hou Chang Sent Shi Zhu Zhou and other two hundred people to bi Chen Wang Mausoleum each gave a rest of 200 days to lang Zhongwang Na Lord Situ from the throne Zhang Shun" a total of 56 characters. This means that in the seventh year of the reign of Emperor Taihe of Wei (the first year of the Qinglong Dynasty), from March 1 to 15, Wang Chang, the Marquis of Yanzhou, sent 200 people, including Zhu and Zhou, to work on the construction of the tomb of King Chen (Cao Zhi). Those who participated in the construction work, after completion, were allowed to take two hundred days' leave and not to perform other hard labor. Supervisor: Langzhong Wang Na; Host: Situ from the throne Of Zhang Shun.

Therefore, judging from this inscription, it is indisputable that Cao Zhi buried Yushan. The fortunate discovery of the brick inscription of Cao Zhi's tomb is an important basis for verifying that Cao Zhi was indeed buried in the western foothills of Yushan Mountain, recording the time of relocation of Cao Zhi's remains and the specific process of building the mausoleum.

Cao Zhi's tomb is composed of three parts: Yongdao, front room and back room, and most of the excavated cultural relics are pottery, and some are stone tools, such as Shi Gui, Shi Bi, etc., and there are no valuables. During the Two Han Dynasties, thick burials became the norm, and Han tombs were famous for their luxury. But looking at the "shabby appearance" of this tomb, it seems to be a bit inconsistent with the status of the owner of the tomb, why is this?

Judging from the political situation at that time, Cao Cao carried out bold reforms on the issue of funerals, opposing the unlimited thick burial customs of the Han Dynasty and the Han Dynasty and the han dynasty, and advocating thin burials. The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Shu, and Emperor Wu of Wu contains: "The people must not be allowed to renew their personal vendettas, and thick burials are forbidden, all of which are in accordance with the law", and the whole country is ordered. Emperor Cao Pi of Wei inherited his father's aspirations on the issue of funerals, advocated thin burials, and took the lead in implementing thin burials. Due to the active advocacy of Cao's father and son, the tombs of the Han and Wei dynasties were rarely extravagant. It can be seen that the thin burial of Cao Zhi's tomb is also reasonable.

In addition, the tomb of Cao Zhi, located in the western foothills of Yushan Mountain in Dong'a County, has always been admired by people. Scholars from home and abroad who came to pay their respects and pay their respects came one after another. Or chants, or altar texts, scattered in various historical sources. According to the "Records of Dong'a County" (Qing Daoguang Ninth Year Book), those who went to the Yushan Gurudwara Tomb and left inscriptions, there were Yu Shoulder Wu in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Li Shangyin and Wang Wei in Tang, Su Lian and Huang Zhe in Ming, and more than ten people in the Qing Dynasty, including Wu Weiye, Zhao Zhixin, Wang Shizhen, and Zhang Ruoyi.

A brick supports history, a piece of history for a person. Wang Shizhen has a poetry cloud: "Once recited the king's endowment, the microwave sense roselle." Now I buried the jade land and remembered the Jian'an people. The name is qi qi gong, and the curse is killed. Poor only eight buckets, the end of the ancient sound dust. "Looking for the ancients, the "Fish Mountain Landscape" is a good place to step on the green.

Author: Zhang Yimeng

Source: Volkswagen Daily