In Chinese history, due to the influence of Confucian ethics, many large families lived together for generations, and were regarded by the imperial court as social models and given the title of "Righteous Gate". Noted are Yimen Chen, Zheng Yimen, Pucheng Yimen Wang and so on.
The master of mind science, Lu Jiuyuan, was born in such a big family, known as "Yimen", and lived in Qingtian.
What kind of family is the Qingtian Lu clan, known as the "Righteous Gate"?
This is a dilapidated and decaying family that has migrated south several times from the Central Plains.
Lu, originally surnamed Concubine (gui). King Wu of Zhou conferred concubine Man on Chen (妫萬) was a descendant of Emperor Shun. Chen Jiandu was at Wanqiu, in present-day Huaiyang County, Henan). In the Spring and Autumn Period, the Duke of Chen Guofei finished the character jingzhong and sinned Chen qi (Linzi, Shandong). Duke Huan of Qi was enfeoffed with the title of Zhongyu Tian. Later, the Tian clan usurped Qi. Tian Qi's Qi Xuan King Feng Tian Tong was in Lu Township, Pingyuan County, and initially changed his surname to Lu (田通, also known as Tian Da). Lu Lie, the great-grandson of Concubine Lu Tong, was Wu Ling in the early Han Dynasty and moved to Yuzhang, and died in office. His descendants became Wu (present-day Jiangsu). Lu Lie's thirty-ninth grandson, Lu Xisheng, was the chancellor of Tang Zhaozong.
Lu Xisheng's grandson Lu Deqian, in order to avoid the five generations of chaos and move his family south, moved to Jinxi Qingtianli, placed Tian Zhisheng, and Zhao Gao Luli, the ancestor of the Lu clan of Jinxi Qingtian. At that time, Zhu Zhang Gulu was one of the four most prestigious clans in Jiangnan. To this end, Mr. Fang Zhijia Kun Weng wrote: "The Jinxi Lu clan is from Wu County." Lu Jiuyuan's ancestors Lu Youcheng, great-grandfather Lu Yan, grandfather Lu Jian, and father Lu He, were not yet in the army, which can be described as falling in the middle of the family road and trapped in the township.
"When the first gentleman lived in the covenant, the door was difficult, the office was the office, and every time it was well organized, It was easy for Ji Deng. My family has no land, the vegetable garden is not ten acres, and the index finger is thousands, and the medicine is born. The uncle is in charge of the housework, the middle brother is in charge of the medicine liao, and the public is appointed to the disciple's school to make up for its deficiencies with the gift of the bundle of repair. The first king is late, and the use is to be a guest of the clan party, a good tour, a calm piano, and a worry of infinity. When it was time to be gong yu wife Qiu Ge did not try to ask also. Du Zimei's "Northern Expedition" poem is: the sea chart is choppy waves, the old embroidery moves to the twists, tianwu and purple phoenix, upside down in short brown. The male wife has no sea chart to fold, no heaven Wu Zifeng can wear, but the old embroidery is twisted and turned, upside down in the short fence, then there is a problem. (Lu Ji, p. 332)
Charts, Tianwu and Zifeng are all embroidered patterns. Short brown, coarse cloth clothes. Du Fu's poem was to the effect that the soft satin of old embroidery was used to repair the coarse cloth clothes of adults and children, pieced together from east to west, upside down and broken. It can be seen that this "index finger thousands" famous family with more than 100 people eating, relying only on ten acres of vegetable land, a traditional Chinese medicine shop and a private school salary income to maintain their livelihood, has "difficult to open the door" short clothes and food. However, "the family is easy for everyone to be vulgar". Although the lu family's inner pocket was empty, the outer frame was still the same, maintaining the residual wind of "guests of the clan party" and "poetry ceremony", which was written in the township and also alarmed the small court of the Southern Song Dynasty.
Consider the Song Dynasty literature and the Writings of the Song Dynasty:
In the fourth year of Chunxi (1177), Emperor Xiaozong Zhao once said, "Lu Jiuyuan is full of filial piety."
In the second year of Chunyou (1242), Emperor Lizong Zhao Yun issued an edict "Jinxi Lushi Yimen", the full text of which is as follows:
"Emperor System: Lu Shi of Qingtian, Jinxi, Jiangxi, is a famous Confucian, and contains all the classics." Gathering food for more than a thousand fingers, cun (tong "stove") for two hundred years. A door, ten worlds of ren rang. The way of the Ermu clan, the embrace of the vice-ruler of the country. Xuante praises, Shu Jing Ermen, light in the inside, to encourage the weathering. Thanks. ”
At that time, Mr. Bao Hui, who was also the judge of the transfer and knew the Jianning Army, wrote a special "Record of the Lu Clan Gate of the Imperial Gift", writing that there were five things worthy of the Jinxi Lu Clan Yimen: First, only the third to sixth generations of the Yiju who had never been jingbiao lived together, and the Lu clan was the tenth generation of the same house; The second is the high character of the Lu brothers, the clarity of Daoist skills, the special southeast, the continuation of the Daoist system, and the real master of the world; The third is the complete outline of the family rules four, the eighteen articles of the small ji, for the song to allude to the opportunity of vigilance; The fourth is the sage of the world, and everyone knows the righteousness; Fifth, it is innocent and heirloom, often producing plains, being poor and rich, and being rich and poor. Finally, Mr. Bao Hui wrote with deep emotion:
"When there are those who hear the wind of the Lu clan and rise up, the movement is encouraged, and the immersion is widespread, then the virtue of the people and the beauty of the indoctrination customs, although the ancients can be expected to be more than the wind of the house. However, those who are popular in the world today will not know that they will make up for it in a small way, and they will not know that they will have a shallow work
Near-effect. ”
Mr. Luo Dajing's "Crane Forest Yulu" (鹤林玉露) Volume 5 "Lu Shi Yimen" records:
"Lu Xiangshan's family is in Jinxi, Fuzhou, and he has lived in a righteous place for generations. The longest person is the head of the family, and the affairs of the family are obeyed. Every year, the poor children are selected to be assigned to the family affairs. Or the main field, or the main tax, or the main cashier, or the chef, or the main guest. The field of the public court is only enough to give food for one year old. Family members eat and eat their own vegetables and meat, and do not eat well. Private servants, each providing for their own supply, allowing rice to be accompanied by cooking. At dawn, the rice with cooking is handed over to the person in charge of the kitchen, and the calendar is handed over. Rice cooked, according to the calendar to scatter. When the guest arrives, the guest sees first, and then the white: the parents come out. Five drinks, but casual meals; At night, the wine cup soup is drunk, although it is not tired of staying for a long time. Every morning, parents lead their children to pay tribute to your ancestral hall, gather in the hall, and women are blessed in the hall. Twilight, so is the placement. ”
The 434th volume of the History of Song reads: "His family has lived righteously for generations, and the longest person is the head of the family, and the affairs of the family are obeyed." The children of the elderly relocation are divided into household chores. Each has its own master, in the field, in the tax, in the interior (to pay), and in the matter of the guests. Jiu Shao rhymes with the words of precepts. In the morning, the parents led the children to pray to the ancestral shrine and beat the drums to recite their words, so that the column could listen to them. The children have had it, and the children of the parents' association have reprimanded them: if they do not change, they will be tarted; In the end, if it does not change, the degree cannot be tolerated, then it is said that the official government is the government, and the screen is far away. ”
Mr. Lu He (Daoqing) is a stalwart in this patriarchal family. The Annals say of him: "Born with different qualities, he did not cut down the weight, and the scriptures of the heart were found in the deeds." Confucian crowns, mourning (marriage) funerals, and sacrifices are performed at home, and paganism is used. The family road is cleaned up and smelled in the township. Gift to missionary lang. The 434th volume of the History of Song reads: "Father He, in order to learn from the people in the world, tasted the funeral rituals of sima clan crown (marriage) and performed at home, and gave birth to six sons."
Lu Hesheng's six sons are as follows:
Lu Jiusi, strong in characters, ranked eighteen. Lady Peng, that is, the sister-in-law who raised Jiuyuan. Jiu Sixiang tried to lift, because his father was old, he had to control the whole family, and he did not want to go back to work. Author of a family question", Zhu Xi for the trek. He was later conferred the title of "Political Lang".
Lu Jiuxu, Zi Yi, ranked ninety-nine. Mrs. Yu. Jiusu is fair and sensitive, good at financial management, running a medicine store for enough family use, and is respected as a "virgin" when people are respected.
Lu Jiugao, Zi Zhao, ranked sixty-three. Mrs. Wu. Jiugao taught private schools to supplement the family, the teacher was extremely strict, and many of the followers benefited, and they were awarded "Shu Lang", and the people were honored as "Mr. Yongzhai".
Lu Jiushao, the character is beautiful, ranked sixty-nine. Mrs. Wu. Jiu Shao is knowledgeable, easy to play, proficient in musical rhythm, lifelong non-Shi, self-proclaimed "Suoshan Old Garden", known as "Mr. Suoshan"; He has a great friendship with Zhu and respects Yache. He is the author of thirty-five volumes( Mountain Diary, Family System, Family Training Song), and The New Sayings of the Scriptures
Lu Jiuling, zi shou, ranked seventy-nine. Mrs. Wang. Jiu Ling was an ugly soldier of Qiandao, Mr. Fuzhai, who was once a professor of The Guiyang Army, and because he was far from being pro-old, he changed to the National Army. Can wen can be martial, supplement people too learned, there are anthologies in the world. Special gifts to Chao Fenglang, Zhi Secret Cabinet, and Gifts to Wenda.
Lu Jiuyuan studied in Jiugao, Jiushao, and Jiuling when he was a child. Especially Jiu Ling: "I am a teacher and friend with my brother Jiu, and I am different from him." (History of Song)" "Lu Yimen" is a typical patriarchal family.
Patriarchy is a family legislature of ancestral lineages. The family is the product of the long-term development of China's feudal civilization. "Home-state isomorphism" is its important feature, that is, the "patriarchal system" centered on male power, which maintains the patriarchal hierarchy with blood ties, is the cornerstone of feudal society. The so-called "branches do not sacrifice, but sacrifices must be told to Zongzi ( "Zuo Chuanshang also has: "If you are not of my race, your heart will be different.") "God is not of the same kind, and the people are not of the race." (The White Tiger Tong Clan Chapter is written more specifically: "What about the clan members? The clan members make it together, and the people who gather it also say that love flows together. The ancestors of The Upper Noble Ancestors went down to the Xuansun family and had auspiciousness, and the hundred families gathered together and became relatives. Born and loved, dead mourned, there is a way to gather, so it is called a family. ”
The "Lu Family Yimen" is also a "righteous residence" patriarchal family.
Ordinary families are different from the Yiju family, which is enough to enjoy the honor of "Yiju", which is characterized by several generations of the same church without dividing the stove, regardless of land and property, with parents organized production, and with laws and regulations and hierarchical life. At that time, the literature recorded "righteous residence" as "Ju ethnic righteous residence", "Zhong Mingding food", "righteousness does not distinguish between wealth", "poetry and etiquette heirloom" and so on. In the Southern Song Dynasty society, where smoke was everywhere and people's hearts were floating, the "Yiju family" was already a rarity. There are two historical records: one is the "Zheng's Righteous Residence" in Pujiang County, Zhejiang Province; The other is the "Lu's Yimen" in Qingtian, Jinxi County, Jiangnan West Province.
The "Lu Family Righteous Gate" is actually a broken patriarchal family.
After Lu Jiuyuan became an adult, he soberly saw that he was in a ruined family in the last days of feudalism, lacking clothes and short food, still relying on the commercial economy to maintain the portal, and the embarrassment of being stretched thin was sour; Tianwu Zifeng upside down in short brown, said true. Even Mr. Bao Hui admitted that the Lu family was "poor and rich, if it is rich and poor."
The patriarchal family of "Lu's Righteous Gate" should be a microcosm of the society of the Southern Song Dynasty.
The Southern Song Dynasty was poor and weak, but the lib and the music were bad, but there was a big shelf, trying to rule the world with "etiquette", so it was a "righteous door"; However, it is difficult for one or two families to gather in the righteous house to maintain the faltering partial security regime. As Mr. Lu Xun pointed out sharply: "I don't know how the Southern Song Dynasty is compared to today, but the foreign enemies are obviously already subordinate, but there is a lot of red tape and nagging gossip in China." Just like the unlucky people, more taboos, the open-minded hong da wind has dissipated. Until later, nothing has changed much."
Lu Jiuyuan was born and grew up in such a family and such a cultural atmosphere.
At that time, it seemed that "Lu's Righteous Gate" may be the darling of the times; However, the extreme thing is often transformed in the opposite direction, and it is only a reflection of the return of the feudal end times.
The thinker who enters the room will break through the door...
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