He Tengjiao was a very peculiar person.
You said that he was not a loyal subject, a bit wronged, after all, he died for the Ming Dynasty in the end, but if you want to say that he is the Optimus Pillar of the Southern Ming Dynasty, it is a bit ridiculous, because this person, there are too many places worth complaining about.
Ming Dynasty official.
For example, in order to get rid of Zheng Zhilong's control, Emperor Longwu prepared to move to Hunan and secretly ordered He Tengjiao to meet him, and as a result, "(Longwu II, 1646 AD) Tengjiao had no intention of welcoming, and Gu (Hao) Yongzhong was named Hu Zhi and sent Hengzhou, saying that he would take Chenzhou to Go Gan, tengjiao secretly meant that he would not go. Hao Yongzhong's "Yingchao" troops struggled and stagnated when they reached Chenzhou, until the end of September, when the emperor was defeated and killed, and the Longwu court, which existed for less than a year, collapsed.
Emperor Longwu.
In addition to this, there is another rotten thing that has to be said that is, the incident in 1649 when Hao Yongzhong attacked and killed the general Chen Youlong. Hao Yongzhong, a person that everyone is familiar with, was originally named Hao Weiqi, the original general of the Great Shun Army, and later led his subordinates to he Tengjiao, and Chen Youlong should focus on it.
Ming Dynasty warlord in film and television dramas.
Chen Youlong, directly subordinate to the Shangyuan people, the former General Liu Chengyin Biao, the first to suppress the indigenous rebellion, known for his cruel means, in the first year of the Yongli Calendar (1647 AD), Liu Chengyin welcomed the Yongli Emperor Zhu Youluo to his territory of Wugang, Hunan, and soon, Kong Youde's army followed, Liu Chengyin's army sent Chen Youlong out of battle, which was unfavorable, so Liu Chengyin prepared to surrender, and prepared to take the emperor as a greeting gift, Zhu Youluo learned of this, even the emperor's honor guard was thrown away, and his entourage fled out of Wugang City at night. Chen Youlong was originally reluctant to surrender to the Qing Dynasty, but because of the commander Liu Chengyin, he reluctantly surrendered, Liu Chengyin understood Chen Youlong's psychology very well, so he suggested that Kong Youde order Chen Youlong to capture He Tengjiao's family members, He Tengjiao's family were all arrested, and from then on He Tengjiao resented Chen Youlong, according to Wang Fuzhi: He Tengjiao quickly sent them a funeral after his family was arrested, saying that they had been killed.
Qing army.
The number of Southern Ming troops was actually large.
In fact, the reason for Chen Youlong's temporary surrender was actually not only Liu Chengyin's constraints, but mainly the deterrence of Kong Youde's troops, when Kong Youde returned to the north in April, Chen Youlong quickly cut his braids and rebelled against the Qing, at this time his troops were already very strong, "Youlong Tun Liping, Harvesting The Land, Han, and Jun Yizhang", so he quickly conquered Jingzhou, and successively conquered Liping, Baoqing, Wugang Prefecture and other places, He Tengjiao's army also conquered Jeonju in early May, and then took Yongzhou, Ma Jinzhong and Block yin Xibu took the Changde area, and the whole anti-Qing situation was very good, but soon, He Tengjiao suddenly instructed Hao Yongzhong to set out from Liuzhou, Guangxi, to the Jingzhou area to attack and kill Chen Youlong's troops, "On the orders of the Governor, please Youlong!" Chen Youlong was defeated miserably, holding a spear to break out of the siege, leading the remnants of his men to flee into Guangxi, complaining to the Yongli imperial court, and as a result, "if tengjiao died, he did not ask", and scolded Hao Yongzhong for the jinbao in the matter, and the result was that the imperial court "for tengjiao's sake, it is necessary to re-blame the fort." ”
He Tengjiao could not command his own troops.
He Tengjiao said triumphantly, "I recommend that the general be the fifth rank and more, and the one who can serve me with one arm is only Hao Nan'an!" "But all the generals knew what was going on in their hearts, so they were even more centrifugal, so when the Qing Dynasty army went south, even Ma Jinzhong left him, although everyone did not want to surrender, but also did not want to follow such a commander, in early 1649, the commander of the Light Pole, He Tengjiao, was captured and killed in Xiangtan City, and the Qing army immediately washed Xiangtan in blood.
Strong force is the basis for the survival of warlords.
But the matter was not over, although the imperial court was not willing to engage He Tengjiao for Chen Youlong, but it was still okay to comfort him: "Tengjiao is not, Youlong is going to Que to sue himself, summoned to see, pity Min Zhi, condolences and courtesy, weeping for it." Still give the seal, order the army to recover Chuxi. Youlong to Xinning, the various parts and the Tu and Han yi soldiers heard the arrival of Youlong, all responded, and within a few months, more than 10,000 troops were collected. Chen Youlong's power grew stronger again, and as his power grew again, Hao Yongzhong was afraid, although the culprit He Tengjiao was dead, but it was he who started the fire first, and it was not impossible for Chen Youlong to find trouble for him after his comeback, so he decided to strike first.
Capture.
He first found Chen Youlong to apologize, and said, "Before that incident, He Tengjiao asked me to do it, and now that this crumb man is dead, Brother Chen, you will forgive me!" And returned chen Youlong's servant concubines to him, Chen Youlong saw that Hao Yongzhong was so sincere, and first set up a banquet. However, when he stepped into Hao Yongzhong's camp the next day, the ambush troops rose up and killed Chen Youlong on the spot, at the same time, Hao Yongzhong also launched another attack on Chen Youlong's army, this time doing even more fiercely" (Hao Yongzhong) rushed to attack his army, and the crowd rushed to run, chased, and killed the arsonists, and everyone was annihilated. Chen Youlong was definitely a middle-level and upper-level general in the Southern Ming army at that time, and as a result, he lost his life in the midst of self-fire.
Zhu Yuluo could do nothing about this.
In the following ten years, the similar infighting of the short-lived Southern Ming Dynasty can be described as innumerable, such as Yu Dahai and Li Zhanchun attacking and killing Zhu Rongfan; Yuan Tao and Li Qiande attacking and killing Yang Zhan; Li Dingguo defeating Sun Kewang; etc. It is not difficult to find that the army of the Southern Ming Dynasty has actually completed the warlordization, and He Tengjiao, the so-called "loyal subject", is just a "tu emperor" who divided Hunan, and he still has a certain national integrity compared with those shaved people (such as Liu Chengyin) who shave their hair at the speed of light.