Han Yuyou's Seven Ancient "Bi si exchange gifts Zhang Shu Shooting" describes the polo group confrontation competition in the army. Polo, also known as "Polo Ball" in the Tang Dynasty, was introduced to China from Persia (present-day Iran) and quickly became popular as a sports activity of the upper class, slightly closer to our basketball football today. Han Yu's poem is the only poem in the history of Chinese poetry describing ball games, which is an important material for studying the history of the development of Sports in China and the history of the development of ball activities. Han Yu's poem mentions a variety of polo techniques and the corrective posture of polo players. There are serves, catches, hitting, scrambling, passing, dribbling, etc. and the players sideways, turning their arms, drilling into the horse's belly, etc., vivid images, so that the reader is like being on the court and witnessing it with his own eyes. It also provides first-hand information for our sports research.
Han Yu 'Bi Si Exchange Gift Zhang Servant Shooting》
Bisi communicates the ancient city corner, and the Tsukiba is as flat as a cut.
The short wall is surrounded by three sides, and the drum is beating and the red flag of the tree is soaring.
The new rain has not seen the sun, what is the end of the morning?
The victory of the cao is determined before the decision, and the hooves of a hundred horses are close to each other.
The ball is in full swing and away, and the red bull is golden.
Turning his arms sideways to the horse's belly, thunderbolts should be struck by the divine beads.
Super remote loose two leisure, squandering and competing for changes.
It is rare to be clever and thick, and the four-in-one hero shouts with joy.
This sincere practice of war is not a drama, if you sit in peace and do a good plan.
Today's loyal subjects are not available, and the public must not go to the horse to kill the thief.
(Han Changli Poetry Chronicles, vol. 1, p109)
Brief Note:
Zhang Shuhui (張仆射), referring to Zhang Jianfeng (張建封), was then xu Sihao's emissary and inspector of Shangshu's right servant. Inspection is a fictitious official title. Bi Si Sentence, FenShui is in the west of Xuzhou, Surabaya is in the south of Xuzhou, and the two waters meet in the southwest corner of Xuzhou City. End, dress. Split, divide. Heon, polo. A cane, a wooden staff for hitting the ball. Red Bull sentence, with Red Bull hair as the tassel and gold as the braid. Here it is said that the jewelry of horses is precious. Super remote, far. Profligate, fast. It is difficult to serve, it is difficult to serve, and it is very clever to catch the ball. Zhang Jianfeng and Shi Yun: Leaning over and shooting back and forth, it is difficult for the ancients to shoot left and right. Drama, rehearsal of plays.
Scattering:
The southwest corner of Xuzhou County, where the Surabaya River meets,
The 1,000-step field is flat as a cut.
There are low walls on three sides of the field,
The drums on the field are all over the place and the red flag is waving.
It has just rained in the early morning and the cool sun has not yet come out,
What is the marshal going to do when he comes to dress up early?
It turned out that it was agreed that there would be a polo group game today,
More than a hundred war horses ran into the stadium with great fanfare.
Polo rises and falls with a cane waving people to suddenly divide or aggregate,
The horses are decorated with red bull hairy tassels.
The athletes turned their arms sideways and suddenly burrowed under the horse's belly,
The sound of hitting the ball is like a thunderous polo flying all over the field.
Suddenly speed up suddenly slow down the movement constantly changing,
The posture is calm and dashing to see people's eyes are flowered.
The serve is clever and tricky to catch the ball very fancy,
Inside and outside the stadium, hundreds of thousands of heroes cheered.
Polo is military training by no means playing drama,
But it is always better than strategizing and strategizing.
Now you are the only loyal servant like this,
You should not play polo should lead the soldiers to kill the thief.
Reading:
According to Qian Zhonglian's "Commentary on the Annals of Han Changli's Poetry Lineage", this poem was written in the nineteenth year of Zhenyuan (799), when Han Yu made Zhang Jianfeng a jiedushi official in the shogunate of Xu Sihao.
The division of feudal towns was a social chronic disease of the middle and late Tang Dynasties, affecting social stability and undermining national unity. Shortly before that, Zhangyi Jiedu, who was stationed in Huaixi, caused Wu Shaocheng to rebel, trapped Tang Prefecture, killed the defenders, forced the eastern capital Luoyang in the west, and threatened Caoyun in the southeast. The imperial court ordered conquests, but the warlords in various places were ineffective in conquest, causing the rebels to be arrogant and the government and the opposition to shake. Xuzhou is close to Huaixi, and should have brought thieves, but Zhang Jianfeng was old, hesitant to have fun, and had no intention of making progress. This is very different from Han Yu's consistent political ideal of safeguarding national unity. Therefore, he blamed the great righteousness, satirized the poems, and wrote about the horse hitting, euphemistically expressing his dissatisfaction and ridicule with his superiors for not moving, hoping that he would take responsibility and seek thieves for the country.
The poem is twenty sentences in three paragraphs.
The first six sentences are the first paragraph. Explain the time, place and background. Drumming is played to render the atmosphere of the environment, paving the way for the lively scene of horse-and-horse hitting below. "What is Gonglai?" Cross-examination is evocative and leads to the next paragraph.
Among them, the following ten sentences of "Decisive Victory in Cao Cao" are the second paragraph. It vividly and delicately depicts polo, echoing the question "what is it" above. Polo, introduced from Persia, gradually became popular as a game or fitness and sports activity of the upper class. The author's vivid strokes depict the vivid scenes of horse strokes and the various techniques of polo, which are stacked, gripping, powerful and spectacular.
Finally, the four sentences of "This Sincere Practice Battle" are the third paragraph, and I express my feelings on the Malay ball, and the pen sharply turns and turns out the original purpose. Although the poet admits that polo is also a "practice war", for military commanders, it is more important to "sit in peace and make good plans", strategize, and formulate counterinsurgency combat policies. If you are obsessed with pleasure and forget your duty, it is a big fallacy.
This is not only a satire on Zhang Jianfeng personally, but also a spiritual hymn to safeguard national unity.
The narrative style of this poem is influenced by Han Fu. Write a horse to hit the ball, extravagantly, and do your best. At the end of the chapter, righteousness is ironic, and it is also a means of giving families. However, the author casts his own great words, turns out new ideas, understands and flows the language, opens majestically, and is good at shaping the artistic image from multiple angles such as audio-visual. The pen and ink are radiant and the image is vivid.
In addition, the rhyme of this poem is also distinctive. Qing Weng Fang Gang Yue: Seven rhymes in twenty sentences, inheriting each other, or breaking or connecting, thinking that it is a strong knot. ("Seven Words and Poems Ping Shu Ju Yu")
With the tone of the voice to help the charm, the voice is full of emotions and distinctive features.
Eight drawings: Monuments about Hanyu, Chaozhou Hanjiang
