On the eve of the Spring Festival in 1928, Zhu De and Chen Yi led their troops to revolt in Yizhang. Shock and Mao Zhong, Tang Bo'an were ecstatic when they heard the news, and immediately went to Yizhang to contact.
Shock and his party walked over the mountains and mountains for two and a half days, and finally arrived at the Yizhang Stone.
At this time, the stone had already hung a red flag in the previous 4 days and announced the riot. According to the predetermined contact method, Shock went to the village to find "Zhou Youhua". Asked a few people, all said they didn't know. Just opposite came a man in his 30s and asked, "Who are you looking for?" Shock said, "Look for Zhou Youhua." The visitor said warily, "There is no Zhou Youhua in our village." Shock said, "Definitely! The visitor looked at Shock and his party very seriously, and then said rather sternly, "Go! Come with me! ”
Arriving at a large house that looked like an office, Shock found that there were quite a few people inside, all busy for a while, and came a young man with the appearance of a scholar and a calm look, who looked at Shock one by one with strange eyes, and kept asking some questions. Shock replied one by one. Finally, he laughed and said to Shawke, "I already know you, welcome to the stone and join us in the riot!" He said, holding Shaker's hand tightly. It turned out that this person was Comrade Peng Xie, secretary of the party branch of Yizhang Huangsha District.
Peng Xie was a well-known local primary school teacher who penetrated the upper echelons of the area, became the leader of the militia, and mastered more than 30 guns. When Zhu De's troops unveiled the prelude to the Shonan rebellion at Yizhang Chengguan, Peng Xie, according to the instructions of the Yizhang County Party Committee, led the rebellion in the Huangsha District centered on the village of Lingshi, and according to Zhu De's entrustment, organized the armed forces under his control into an independent battalion of the Second Regiment of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army.
In this way, Xiao Ke and the Lingshi branch connected, and the three of them participated in the Nianguan Rebellion in The Huangsha District of Yizhang.
Shock served as deputy battalion commander of the newly formed Peasant Armed Forces, the Independent Battalion (later the Second Regiment and the Third Battalion), headed by Peng Xie. Because there were not many troops, only one company was formed, and Schock was also a company commander, mainly responsible for military work.
Shock arrived at the company and learned that the company had only more than 30 rifles and darts, and that about half of the rifles were copied by the subway smith. It is called a five-shot gun, but three bullets must be rubbed with oil to hit, the ruler and the crosshair are not accurate; the personnel are all local farmers, speaking vernacular with each other, and it is difficult for people who are thirty or fifty miles away to understand. At night, some people also brought guns home for the night. Squad and platoon leaders are also locals, and although some have some military knowledge, they are not enough.
Shock had worked in the Iron Army and realized that the iron spirit of the Iron Army was cultivated from strict management training and hard fighting. Therefore, he conscientiously straightened out the training troops, and first announced several stipulations: Establish a system of company duty stars and shifts on duty, and report on matters; name names in the morning and evening, and conduct classes on time; cherish weapons, march without guns to pick things, do not insert darts upside down, do not touch the soil, and keep them white and sharp; meals should be assembled by the leader of the duty squad blowing whistles, and one class and one table; the office should not speak the vernacular language, but also salute.
He repeatedly explained the reason to the troops and demanded that they be obeyed. Once, a soldier seriously violated discipline, and after being identified, the whole company gathered to carry out corporal punishment. The local comrades and peasants saw that Shock had brought the troops to be disciplined, and learned various shooting postures and scattered movements, and although they punished their children, they thought that When Shocker carried out discipline, he was still in line with people. After strict training, this peasant contingent is relatively neat.
Shock led this unit to reorganize and train, and at the same time to go out in guerrilla attacks. There was a bully landlord in the nearby Rhubarb family, armed, and the masses hated him. Shock led the independent battalion to surround the landlord's mansion by night, killing the big bullies, inspiring the surrounding masses, and the peasants rose up and rioted. So they helped the districts and communes to establish Soviet governments, organized peasant associations, announced the division of land, abolished all harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes, and gathered the landlords' deeds and ledgers, burned them in public, and distributed the floating wealth gained from the fight against the local tycoons to the poor peasants. In less than half a month, the entire Huangsha area and the peasants near Mangshan, near the border of Guangdong, were launched, and the fire of the riot became more and more vigorous.
When Xiao Ke established a revolutionary regime in the mountains southwest of Yizhang and persisted in armed struggle, the Nanchang rebel army led by Zhu De and Chen Yi and the Xiangnan peasant army were attacked from the south and north by the Kuomintang warlords Bai Chongxi and Fan Shisheng of The Xiangzhou and Guangdong provinces in the area of Chenzhou and Leiyang, and the main force of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army and the Yizhang County Party Committee moved eastward. The vigorous Shonan rebellion failed. Xiao Ke led this peasant army of more than 600 people to cross Chenyi Avenue late at night, climb Wugai Mountain, cross TianLing, and meet Chairman Mao's troops at Longxi Cave, southeast of Zixing, and from Jinggang Mountain.
Chairman Mao was a member of the Central Committee, and during the Great Revolution, Schock once read his "Report on the Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan" and was deeply impressed by the truth revealed in it. This time, when he met Chairman Mao in person, he was deeply impressed by Chairman Mao's lofty demeanor and quick talk. This group of peasants with darts joined the Great Red Army, and they met Chairman Mao, the famous pioneer of the peasant movement, and everyone felt very cordial like Schock.
Xiao Ke led his troops to follow Chairman Mao to NinggangLong City, Jiangxi.
The city is a large market town in Ninggang, surrounded by mountains, the clear Longjiang River passes through the city, and there is an ancient and majestic building standing on the riverside - as soon as Longjiang Academy mouth Xiaoke arrived in Longgang, he inquired about Zhu De and his Shonan rebel troops.
Before the Nanchang uprising, he did not know Zhu De's name. After the uprising, Shock learned from the marching bulletin that Zhu De was the deputy commander of the Ninth Army, and often led three or four companies to fight the vanguard. Later, it was learned that Zhu De was a senior general in the anti-Yuan Protectorate Army, who had studied in Western Europe and the Soviet Union, and was a member of the Communist Party. In the Shonan Uprising, he won more with less and defeated the strong with the weak, defeating Xu Kexiang, the culprit of the "Ma-Ri Incident", and his prestige was far and wide. In Shock's mind, he had already identified Zhu De as a great man of "Zhi Bing", and naturally wanted to see him.
Gong Kai, who worked with Xiao Ke, knew his mind very well and took him to see Zhu De when he arrived in The City. On this day, Gong Kai took Xiao Ke to Longjiang Academy, and as soon as he pushed the door, he heard a Sichuan accent say:
"Is it Gong Kai?" Come in, come in! Gong Kai stepped into the door and heard the voice say, "Why are you alone?" Shock, who was with you, didn't come? ”
Gong Kai immediately pushed Shock, who was hiding outside the door, to the front and said, "He is." ”
In the face of this old soldier in his 40s, with a strong body, a black and red face, and a kind look, Shock excitedly saluted a military salute.
Judd shook Shaker's hand warmly and said, "I already knew your name. You guys did a good job. ”
Xiao Ke reported to Zhu De on the situation of the Reishi rebellion and his activities in Huangsha and Umeda, and said with great emotion: "After the failure of the Nanchang Uprising, I painstakingly looked for the party; after the Shonan Uprising, I also looked for Zhu Shi commander everywhere. ”
Zhu De said: "Now that the revolutionary forces are united in the Xianggan border area, there will be a great development in the future. ”
Hearing these exciting words, Shock seemed to see a round of sunrise, and his heart suddenly opened up.
Soon after arriving in The city, it was announced that the Fourth Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army would be established, then known as the "Zhumao Red Army," with Zhu De as its commander and Chairman Mao as its party representative. Shock was a company commander in the Red Army.
Since then, he has followed "Zhu Mao" to fight in the north and south, and has grown into a senior general of our army.
In mid-to-late June 1928, three regiments of the enemy Yang Chisheng's army in Jiangxi attacked Longyuankou, and one of them attacked Qixiling. Shock's Nineteenth Regiment was in a tight position at Seven Creek Ridge. Shock led seven companies to control the front of the position.
The battle began, Shock led his troops to charge the enemy, rushed to the foot of the mountain, suddenly felt that the right foot seemed to be hit hard by a stone, looked down, the blood flowed down the ankle to the ground, opened the shoes and socks, saw a bullet through the ankle, the wound was bleeding. He was carried off the line of fire and then sent to Xiaojing Hospital in Jinggangshan.
Xiaojing is a small village on Jinggang Mountain, with more than a dozen households and shops. After the establishment of the Red Fourth Army, a hospital was set up here. Saying that it is a hospital, it is actually a few huts next to the houses, and the floor inside the house is covered with straw, and it is surrounded by wood, which is a hospital bed. The lightly wounded slept on this kind of bunk, and the seriously injured used the door panel to set up a bed. The hospital is poorly equipped, but the treatment is very formal, divided into internal and external departments and pharmacies. There are very few medicines, especially Western medicine, which are mainly captured by fighting wars, and sometimes buy a little from western pharmacies in the city. In addition to the more serious trauma, it is generally treated with Chinese herbal medicine, and many people are cured in this way.
As soon as he arrived at the hospital, the doctor examined Shock, and due to the large wound and blood loss, his foot was red and swollen, but fortunately, he did not hurt the bone. After taking the medicine, the doctor told him that he could rest for a while.
The hospital environment is quiet and life is good. At that time, the wounded and sick were all paid injuries and nutrition expenses, and during Shock's hospitalization, the troops fined the local tycoons in Lianhua County, and also specially sent a team to the mountain, giving them 2 yuan each. The people under the mountain often pick up things to sell, such as eggs, cucumbers, oil and tofu, etc., which are placed outside the window of the ward and can be bought by their hands. In that cruel war environment, it is very nice to have such a quiet rear.
Shock recalled that Chairman Mao had repeatedly talked about the task of establishing political power in the middle section of the Luoxiao Mountains, and used the term "armed division of workers and peasants" to expound the idea of establishing base areas and using this as a basis for wave-like development to promote the arrival of the national revolutionary upsurge. After a period of practice, especially experiencing the important role of the military base area of the big and small five wells (that is, Jinggangshan), I was more convinced of this idea.
He felt that so many "green forests" in China's history had taken the mountains as kings and divided up a piece of land, and that the army led by our Communist Party had a good contingent and many talents, and was still afraid that it would not be able to do so. Chairman Mao's theory of "the regime in the middle of the Luoxiao Mountains" and the idea of "armed division of workers and peasants" have brought a new leap in Schock's understanding.
After more than ten days in the hospital, Shock not only recovered his health, but also armed his mind with new ideas, and he hated not being able to return to the team immediately and work hard to achieve his ideals. However, he did not expect that for an army with the peasants as the main component, it would not be easy to completely overcome the peasant consciousness.
In mid-July 1928, when Schock was recuperating in the hospital, he suddenly received a letter from the regimental headquarters from Shuxian County, so that all the comrades in the rear could leave rushed to Shuxian County.
Shock realized that there was a new situation.
Shock left Jinggangshan Hospital and rushed to the troops. At this time, the troops were discussing the issue of returning to Shonan. Most of the soldiers of the Twenty-ninth Regiment were Yizhang peasants who were attached to their hometowns, and especially heard that the representatives of the Hunan Provincial Party Committee also advocated returning to Shonan, and everyone's mood of returning to their hometowns was even more enthusiastic. As a result, the Twenty-ninth Regiment set off a strong wave of homecoming.
That night, the Soldiers' Committee of the Twenty-ninth Regiment issued a notice to the battalions and companies to get up at 3 o'clock the next morning to eat and assemble at 4 o'clock to go to Shonan. Shock felt strange, why didn't the battalion headquarters have orders? He ran to ask the battalion commander, who said, "I have not received orders from the regimental headquarters." He also sent someone to ask the regimental headquarters, and replied: "The military headquarters has no orders." ”
However, the next morning, the team was still assembled, followed by regimental commanders, battalion commanders, company commanders, and party representatives at all levels, but they discussed with each other: "The military headquarters has no orders, how to go?" "There are also many cadres who want to return to Shonan, but there is still a sense of organization, believing that they cannot leave without the orders of the military department. The cadres did not move, and the soldiers could not go. After waiting for a long time, Commander Zhu De came to speak, and he said loudly: "The situation in the Luoxiao Mountains is very good, and we still need to work here!" The Twenty-Eighth Regiment will not go to Shonan, will your Twenty-ninth Regiment go back? "But it doesn't make sense. Commander Zhu also said, "If you want revolution, you must obey the orders of the commander." Some of the soldiers shouted, "The commander will take us back to Shonan!" Go back to Yizhang! The commander said, "If the Twenty-eighth Regiment does not go, will you go to the Twenty-ninth Regiment?" "The Twenty-ninth Regiment is a peasant regiment, and there is no Twenty-eighth Regiment with strong combat effectiveness on the side, and there is little confidence. When Commander Zhu saw some hesitation below, he said, "Your special agent company obeys the order, and the special agent company goes first and goes back to the sprinkler ferry." "The special agent company is really good, as the vanguard set out, some of the follow-up troops scolded the special agent company, but scolded, go or go, the battalions in order to the east, back to the crossing.
After arriving at The Crossing, the Central Military Commission could have taken effective measures to persuade the cadres and fighters, but because at that time the Twenty-eighth Regiment did not ask to return to Shonan, and the Twenty-ninth Regiment did not want to go back to Shonan, if the reasoning was clear, it could be persuaded, but because Du Xiujing, a deputy of the Hunan Provincial CPC Committee, advocated returning to Shonan and making the peasant consciousness in the troops even more fierce, the Central Military Commission adopted a conciliatory attitude and finally decided to return to Shonan.
Stopped at the inlet for one day and left again the next day. The Twenty-ninth Regiment is the vanguard and the Twenty-eighth Regiment is the main team. The Twenty-Ninth Regiment just wanted to return to its hometown, and after walking seventy or eighty miles a day, the Twenty-Eighth Regiment could not catch up. On July 24, Chenzhou was captured, and the 29th Regiment was stationed on Chengguan Street in Tongyizhang, outside the south gate of Chenzhou, and the 28th Regiment was stationed in the north of Chenzhou City. Near dusk, the Kuomintang Fan Shisheng's troops counterattacked from the north and made contact with the Twenty-eighth Regiment. As soon as the gunshots rang out, the various units of the Twenty-ninth Regiment rushed to the street, with no orders, no command, chaotic formation, and no assembly, and ran south, and the old and young, with their luggage and food burdens, ran around the troops. Shock saw that the situation was not right, the twenty-eighth regiment was fighting, and the twenty-ninth regiment did not reinforce, but ran south? He immediately ordered the whole company to sit on the side of the road and not to move around, nor to scatter troops to jump in line. Shock stood at the forefront of the south, called the squad leader and platoon leader, and said to them: "The Twenty-eighth Regiment is fighting in the north, and the enemy is still far away." The superiors ran south without orders, and it must be those who wanted to go home to 'spread rumors'. ”
The squad and platoon leaders said, "It's a rumor." ”
"The commander is in the north, and the Twenty-eighth Regiment is also in the north, shall we go back to Yizhang alone?"
The troops had a mysterious belief in Commander Zhu De, and admired the twenty-eighth regiment for winning the battle. Shock's words reminded them. Everybody said, "No! ”
With their consent, Shock ordered his troops to turn back, and after three or four miles, it was dark, and when they heard the gunshots from the north moving eastward, and when they were thin, they went to a fork in the northeast, and happened to encounter the Twenty-eighth Regiment retreating eastward. Shock asked about the situation and followed the Twenty-Eighth Regiment. The next day, retreating to Dongjiang, Hu Shaohai, commander of the Twenty-ninth Regiment, and Gong Chu, a party deputy, also returned here with eight or ninety people, forty or fifty guns, from the regimental headquarters, the communication platoon, and the special agent company. By this time, the Twenty-Ninth Regiment had largely dispersed, leaving a total of less than 200 men, about a hundred guns, and only Schock's seven companies had returned from the formation intact.
After a day or two, the whole army retreated to Zixing, and the Central Military Commission decided to reorganize, abolishing the special service battalion and the Twenty-ninth Regiment of the Military Department, and all personnel were incorporated into the Twenty-eighth Regiment, with Zhu Jun commander and regiment commander, former regiment commander Gong Erzhuo as chief of staff, and Chen Yi as the secretary of the Central Military Commission. Most of the cadres were demoted and used, and Xiao Ke transferred the first battalion of the Twenty-eighth Regiment to replace Lin Biao as the commander of the second company.
Zhu De said to Xiao Ke: "This time back to Shonan, only your company of the Twenty-ninth Regiment has been preserved, and now let you be the company commander, you must take this team well." ”
The second company was a battalion of the 73rd Regiment of the Nanchang Rebel Army, formerly a battalion of the Ye Ting Independent Regiment during the Northern Expedition, with strong combat effectiveness. Shock's transfer from the peasant regiment to the regular regiment and the belt of such an earthen company really seemed to have returned to the "iron army" himself, and naturally felt a heavy responsibility.
After the defeat in August, Shawke's troops suffered no losses, but he himself was wounded again on the way back to Jinggangshan. At that time, Chairman Mao led three battalions of the Thirty-first Regiment from Jinggangshan to Guidong to pick up the troops who had withdrawn from Shonan in defeat. After Chairman Mao met zhu de and Chen Yi, he decided to return to Jinggangshan. At two or two o'clock that afternoon, the enemy's Eighth Army suddenly came from the north, and only the eleventh regiment and three battalions of the Red Fourth Army were cut off in the east of the city, and after several rushes, they could not pass, and returned to Jinggangshan from the same road. Only the first battalion of The Twenty-eighth Regiment, to which Schock belonged, fought the enemy on the hill. After two or three hours of fighting, the casualties were very heavy, the new battalion commander Lin Biao hung up the color, and Shock was shot in the neck, bleeding profusely, and the injuries were very serious.
In the evening, a battalion counted the number of casualties, a total of fifty or sixty casualties. The next morning, the troops continued to retreat. Due to the large number of wounded and insufficient stretchers, some of the wounded could only ride horses or walk. That day, Shock was badly injured and walking shakily, and the hygienist called for a horse, and Instead of riding it, Shock followed the line. As I walked, I heard a fight from the north, and the gunshots grew tighter and closer. Someone in the line shouted, "Hurry up, hurry up!" Shock, who was walking behind the line, wanted to look back, but his neck was so thick that he couldn't turn his head back, so he turned around and saw the white flag of the enemy. He wanted to get on his horse and go fast, but his body was so weak that he couldn't even get on the horse, so he ran desperately. After running the road, I looked back and saw that the enemy was only about a hundred meters behind them. At the critical moment, a man came from behind and took his belt up the hill, when another team counter-charged and repelled the enemy's vanguard, Shock and many wounded soldiers, and was out of danger.
The man who touched Shawke's belt and took him out of danger was named Peng Kui (also written as Peng Kui), and was a member of the Yizhang Stone Peng family, who worked together during the Shonan Uprising. When Shawk talked about Peng Kui for many years, he always said affectionately, if it wasn't for him, it would have been difficult for me to get out of danger, and he died in the later battle of Dabaidi.