During the reign of the Nationalist government, two people were assassinated by the provincial chairman, one was Yang Zengxin, the chairman of Xinjiang Province, who was assassinated in July of the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928); The first is Yang Yongtai, chairman of Hubei Province, who was assassinated in May of the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936). The two were stabbed, although they had different backgrounds, but they both showed a dangerous career path and the waves of the eunuch sea; The assassination of Yang Zengxin, which was more of a coup d'état, was a major political event in Xinjiang at that time, and it was an opportunity for Sheng Shicai to rule Xinjiang in the future. This gantry array is well worth a swing.
This began with Yang Zengxin in advance.
Yang Zengxin (1867-1928) was a Zichen and Zizhou. Yunnan Mengziren, Guangxu Jinshi. Qing Ji successively served as Zhi County, Zhongwei County, Gansu, Zhizhou, Hezhou, Gansu Wubei Academy, Xinjiang Army Academy, Aksu Daoyin, Zhendi Daoyin and Tifa Envoy, and his official reputation was quite good. The Xinhai Revolution broke out, and the provinces responded. Yuan Dahua, the governor of Xinjiang in the Qing Dynasty, returned to the east in a hurry, and his posthumous post was handled by Yang. Yuan Shikai became president and formally appointed him as the governor of Xinjiang Province and the governor of Xinjiang Province. In the future, no matter how the political situation changed, but the official names were different, his position of power never wavered, and he ruled Xinjiang for 17 years, which was a political tumbler.
Among the old bureaucrats, Yang Zengxin can be said to be the best of the mediocre. He is from the right way, has no bad habits, does not covet enjoyment, does not pay attention to pomp, does not please a little wife, and does not ask for money too much. To people, there is no shelf. He is also very good at talking, sometimes funny, engaging and infectious. However, yin is vicious and vicious, good at using power techniques, and is known as the "smiling tiger".
Yang Zengxin was diligent and diligent, spending most of his day reading official documents and understanding the situation. Even the keys to the confidential room were in his own hands, and important letters and telegrams were drafted by himself. He is the author of 54 volumes of the "Continuation of the Supplementary Zai Wen MuZheng" and 30 volumes of the "Diary of Supplementing the Zhai Dynasty", which are excellent materials for studying the modern politics of Xinjiang.
Yang Zengxin's governance of Xinjiang, mixed with the techniques of the old king's hegemony, and used the strategy of restraint and restraint. Mediate all kinds of contradictions internally, do not train more troops, set up more institutions, do not engage in construction, do not widely develop schools, save financial resources, and protect the border and the people; Externally, they are closed to themselves, do not ask about foreign affairs, and do not get involved in the whirlpool of warlord melee at home. There is always the principle of not causing trouble, not doing much, not causing trouble, and not overdoing the head. In the lobby of the Xinjiang Governor's Office, there is a wooden couplet written by Yang Zengxin himself, and the upper link is: "The republic has just opened its grass, shame on the five hegemons and seven heroes, and disputes do not ask about the Central Plains"; The lower link is: "Bianting has a Taoyuan victory, the hun rate returns to the north falcon in the south, and the hun territory is long for the taigu people." This couplet hung until the early days of Sheng Shicai's power, which is most enough to explain Yang Zengxin's new policy.
However, Yang Zengxin's "Taoyuan Shengjing" also had bloodshed, especially when the domestic political situation was in turmoil. There are two times when they are representative. One time was when Yang Zengxin used a conspiracy to kill people.
It happened in 1916. Yuan Shikai was proclaimed emperor, and Cai Yi raised an army to beg Yuan. Yang, a native of Yunnan, is a revolutionary party that infiltrated Xinjiang and plotted a response. Fellow villagers in Yunnan, such as Xia Ding, deputy commander of Yang Zengxin, and Li Yin, commander of the artillery battalion, also participated in this activity. They went to test Yang Zengxin's attitude, and Yang said: Xinjiang should focus on peace and stability, and should not participate in political disputes in Guanxi. Who the head of the central authorities is and what form the state system is has little to do with us, and we had better sit firmly on the Diaoyutai and not listen to it. These people privately argued that General Yang was too conservative to remove him and could not achieve his goal.
Yang Zengxin and Chinese and foreign people took a group photo
These arguments were detected by Xie Wenfu, a Sichuan secret agent of the Supervision Bureau, and he went to report them to Yang. Yang listened, scolded Xie for deliberately provoking his relationship with his fellow villagers in Yunnan, and immediately invited the relevant Yunnan people to confront him, who of course did not admit to having anti-Yang remarks. Yang did not allow Xie Wenfu to argue, and asked someone to drag him out and shoot him on the spot. These Yunnan compatriots thought that they had not aroused Yang's suspicions, and they smiled and squinted and resigned, and Yang seemed particularly enthusiastic about them.
On the first day of the Lantern Festival, Yang Zengxin set up a banquet in the second hall of the Governor's Office for the Ministry of Education to inspect Liu Zhangyao's trip, and accompanied many guests. Everyone had just taken their seats, Yang Zengxin said a few polite words, went out with his hands behind his back, and came in again after a while, pointing at Deputy Commander Xia and saying, "Cut Xia Ding!" A horse Bent stepped forward in response to the sound, and with a knife in his hand, Xia Ding's brain shell landed on the ground. At this time, the people present were stunned, and their hair stood straight. Yang Zengxin, however, did nothing, asked someone to drag the corpse out, and asked everyone to continue drinking. After three rounds of drinking, Yang suddenly stood up, pointed at Li Yin, the commander of the artillery battalion, and said, "Cut Li Yin!" Another Ben soldier drew his knife and stepped forward, and for a moment his hand was weak, only cutting off Li Yin's neck in half. Lee was in pain, bleeding, and running wildly. Yang had already laid down a net of heaven and earth, and Li Yin was still killed and knocked out of the gate. One by one, the guests were frightened and black-faced, and their souls were not possessed, especially chief Liu Inspection, who was trembling, like a sieve, and his feet were soft, and he even shrank to the foot of the table. But when he saw Yang Zengxin holding a wine glass, he said with a smile: "Let everyone be frightened, I'm sorry." These two men plotted a riot to make the place unstable, and I had to use thunderbolt means to show the heart of the bodhisattva, and it was these two that I wanted to kill. Please feel at ease and have a drink. Where the crowd still had the heart to drink, they hastily coped with it and said goodbye to each other. Yang also cordially sent them out of the gate one by one
The rest, such as Yang Yi and others, did not have a problem and also on another occasion, made a ghost under the knife. As for the secret agent Xie Wenfu, Yang not only generously sympathized with his family, but also personally wrote an altarpiece when he was hanging, and wept bitterly to pay tribute. Some people say that Yang Zengxin is a living Cao Cao, and the performance is very realistic, and once again Fan Yaonan used a conspiracy to kill Yang Zengxin.
Fan Yaonan (1879-1928), also known as Chun Bing, the character Early Xiang. Hubei public security person. The father farmed and fished for a living. Fan Qin studied hard, and at the age of 18, he studied law and politics at waseda University in Japan at public expense in 1904. After graduating in 1908, he returned to China and set up a library to teach at home. In 1911, Rong Pi, who proposed the Law of Xinjiang, founded the Law and Politics School in Xinjiang, heard Fan's name, and hired Fan as a teacher, and in addition to teaching, Fan also served as the director of the Xinjiang Court. After the establishment of the Beiyang government of the Republic of China, Fan returned to Beijing, served in the State Council, and served as an adviser to Vice President Li Yuanhong. In 1917, Li Yuanhong became president and sent him to Xinjiang to serve as Aksu Daoyin. Yang Zengxin received a secret report from a spy sent in Beijing, saying that Fan had been ordered to understand his false reality and that the camera had driven him off the stage. Therefore, he was wary of Fan, and after Fan came, he let him sit on the cold bench in Urumqi for a long time before letting him go to be Dihua Daoyin.
Fan Yaonan is diligent and honest, has a heavy sense of enterprise, and is a person with ideals, brains and ambitions. When he went to Xinjiang, unlike ordinary officials, he "went thousands of miles for officials only for wealth" and wanted to show his skills in the frontier. Therefore, he was very disgusted by Yang Zengxin's conservative policy. He believes that only by practicing ethnic equality and harmony, sorting out finances, severely punishing corruption, developing education, and straightening out the army can Xinjiang have a future and the people can have a good life. These ideas of his were sponsored and sympathized by enlightened people from all walks of life in Urumqi at that time, and a "reform faction" was implicitly formed.
Yang Zengxin also understood Fan Yaonan's thoughts. However, Yang is very conceited, thinking that Mu Ji absolutely has a way to restrain Fan, and even pull Fan over to become his own person, plus he is sorry for talent, so he does not exclude Fan's plan, but tries to woo him as much as possible. For example, in order to show his concern for Fan, Yang said that Fan Daotai's family members were all in the mouth, and there were two young juns going to college, and the burden was very heavy, and they should "subsidize". At one time, he sent people to send Xinjiang provincial coins worth hundreds of taels of gold, and he never fought in terms of funds. In addition, Fan was also sent to concurrently serve as the director of the Military Affairs Department of the Overseer Administration, the director of the Xinjiang Negotiation Bureau, and the principal of the Russian Grammar and Politics College. In the minds of ordinary people, it is believed that Fan is Yang's first red man. Therefore, the two relied on this personal friendship to maintain a relationship, and they were at peace for 10 years. But Fan has never changed his political views, just waiting for the right moment.
In 1926, the Northern Expedition was victorious and the Beiyang government collapsed. Yang Zengji felt that jiangshan had changed hands, and he had lost his dependence, and planned to resign by electricity, so he first sent his family to Beijing. Fan Yaonan thought that the opportunity had come and wanted to wait for Yang to leave and come to power peacefully. And this attempt, Yang has heard of it. However, soon after Yang saw that after Yan Shan, Ma Fuxiang and others had returned to Nanjing, they were still in their original positions and their power was still there, so he developed a love mentality and was ready to drag it out. By the end of June 1928, Yang Zengxin had sent a telegram to support the Nationalist government, obtained the understanding of Nanjing, and was ordered to organize a new Provincial Government of Xinjiang. Yang did not include Fan Yaonan's name in the list of provincial government members in The Dingding. Fan felt that Yang was already rejecting him. I feel that instead of sitting still, it is better to start first. Together with Zhao Deshou, a Xinjiang native who worked in the Foreign Affairs Bureau, Zhang Xin, a Hubei native, Zhang Chunxi, a Hubei native who was the director of academic affairs at the Russian Specialized School of Grammar and Politics, Lu Baoru, a jiangsu radio technician, and Yuan Tinghan, police chief, conspired to take advantage of the opportunity to assassinate Yang and seize power.
On July 7, the first batch of students of the Russian Grammar and Politics College, where Fan Yaonan was also the principal, held a graduation ceremony, and Yang Zengxin, the heads of military and police of various departments and departments, as well as Soviet consuls, were invited to attend. After the banquet, Yang Zengxin's lieutenants, retinue, guards, etc. were all placed in the hall by Fan, and Yang and other guests were entertained in the classroom in the backyard.
An official who is good at balancing the forces of the various ethnic groups in the region has maintained long-term stability in Xinjiang. He used pride and patriotism to fulfill the ideal of the reunification of the motherland
There are 3 seats in the classroom. Sitting in the middle was Yang Zengxin. There was also a representative from other places, Qian Tong, as well as Yan Yushan, director of the Industrial Department, Yin Lirong, Dihua Dao, and Du Farong, brigade commander; Seated in the east were Xu Yishan, director of the Department of Finance, Liu Wenlong, director of the Department of Education, and others; In the west sat Fan Yaonan, the Soviet consul Jiaulf and his wife. Jin Shuren, director of the government affairs department, attended the ceremony, saying that he was busy with official affairs, did not enter the table, and left first.
The dish has been served twice, and Yang Zengxin is guessing fists with people. Only to see the school's academic director Zhang Chunxi carry two bottles of wine walked in and put a "bang" on the table. Fan Yaonan asked, "Are the wine and dishes ready?" Zhang replied, "All ready!" Fan then stood up and toasted to the Soviet consul These conversations and actions were all codes they had agreed upon in advance. At this time, a "waiter" wearing a blue cloth robe took out a pistol from his arms and opened fire on Yang Zengxin, who was shot in the chest. "The tiger will not lose its might when it dies", Huo Di stood up on the table, his eyes were wide open, and he shouted, "What are you doing?" Before the words were finished, several other "attendants" who were also dressed in the same costume also fired, and Yang Zengxin fell down. The director of the same table, Yan Ting, was shot and fell to the ground, howling like a slaughtered pig. Brigadier Du hit the bullet and was killed on the spot. The guests snatched the door and fled, fearing that Yang Zengxin would be killed, personally filled two shots at Yang before leading more than 30 henchmen straight to the governor's office, breaking into the Three Halls, and threatening Yang Qingnan, the supervising seal officer, to hand over the Great Seal. It seems that Fan's book is very angry, thinking that as long as he occupies the governor's office and seizes the Great Seal, he will be able to grasp the power. A notice was issued to summon the offices to meet and discuss the aftermath. Everyone sat and watched the success or failure, and Dumen did not come out.
Jin Shuren, the head of the government affairs department, heard about the incident and invited some people to discuss it. Zhang Peiyuan, chief of the military affairs section, and Feng Liang, instructor of the TangwuTang, advocated courtship, especially Du Zhiguo, the son of Brigadier Du, in order to avenge his father's death, had a more resolute attitude. They then led their men and horses to attack Fan. The two sides fought for more than an hour, and after Fan Yaonan fired the last bullet, he was captured alive in the third hall of the Governor's Office, and the other comrades were killed or caught, and none of them escaped. That night, Fan was tied to a horse stake in front of the gate of the Governor's Office, and the soldiers cursed and held his beard and hair, gouge out his eyes, cut off his tongue, and put him to death, which was extremely tragic. Fan holds a strict body, works poetry, knows the rhythm of music, is good at playing the piano, and has written music scores and "Yaonan Wen Scribes". Death is not worth it, and commentators regret it.
In this way, Jin Shuren took advantage of the convenience and became the chairman of the Xinjiang provincial government and the border defense inspector. This person is greedy and short-tempered, making Xinjiang chaotic and multiplying, until there is no peace. In the 1933 "April 12" coup d'état, Jin Shuren collapsed, Sheng Shicai replaced it, and Xinjiang became another situation.
Jin Shuren