Today we come to talk about the history of China, we all know that China has been up and down for five thousand years, from Nüwa to the heavens, Pangu to the heavens, down to today's new century. How broad and profound is our Chinese culture? Today we will talk about it.
Of course, our friends who know history will definitely have a certain foundation. I don't know which dynasty everyone likes the most, if I want to say it, what I prefer is the Sui Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty and Ming and Qing Dynasties, it seems that these dynasties are quite fond of Ha. Let's talk about the Sui Dynasty first. In my opinion, the Sui Dynasty was the most tragic of all the Dynasties in China. Why? The Sui Dynasty only survived for 37 years, which is very different from the Tang Dynasty!
But an important reason for the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty lies in the solid foundation of the Sui Dynasty. The Sui Dynasty was a dynasty that everyone overlooked. Although the Sui Dynasty was short-lived, its contribution was very great. For example, ending the division and unifying the whole country; building the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal to connect the north and the south; conquering Goguryeo in the East; opening up science and taking soldiers, and the imperial examination is from; developing the western region... But why did the Sui Dynasty perish? Sui Emperor! If you compare the merits of Emperor Wen of Sui with the deeds of Emperor Sui, you can say in seven words: "Lao Tzu hero bastard!" "Like the Eastern Expedition to Goguryeo, which led to a great reduction in the national strength of the Sui Dynasty; like the ugly matter of seizing the throne; the lower Jiangnan was no longer returned, leading to great chaos in the world... All this led to the accelerated demise of the Sui Dynasty.
Then let's talk about the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty was recognized by the world as one of the most powerful eras in China. Where is the basis of its strength? It lies in the merits of the Sui Dynasty. If there were no Sui Dynasty's pioneering examinations, the construction of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and so on, where would the Tang Dynasty be strong? In addition to a solid foundation, there are also sages and heroes of the early Tang Dynasty. For example, Tang Taizong; Wei Zheng, Changsun Wuji, Fang Xuanling, Du Ruyi, Wei Chi Jingde, Li Jing, Qin Shubao... These people also made great contributions to the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty.
But why did the Tang Dynasty perish? Everyone said that "red face is bad water", and they all said that without Yang Guifei, the Tang Dynasty would not have perished so quickly. Right? Not exactly. I think there were three major factors in the demise of the Tang Dynasty: the monopoly of eunuchs, the division of feudal towns, and the struggle between friends and party. Tang Xuanzong favored Yang Guifei, which led to the Anshi Rebellion, but the Anshi Rebellion alone could not destroy the Tang Dynasty, but it had a certain effect. Therefore, the Middle Tang Period and the Post-Tang Dynasty were very tragic! It wasted the merits of the early Tang and Sui dynasties, so the demise of the Tang Dynasty was a matter of course!
What about the Song Dynasty? In fact, there were three Song dynasties in ancient China (pre-Qin also had Song, but it was the Song Kingdom), one was the Liu Song Dynasty, one was the Han Later Song Dynasty, and the other was the Zhao Song Dynasty. Let's look at the Zhao and Song Dynasties first. How was the Zhao and Song dynasties established? Let's start with the week after tomorrow. In 959, Emperor Shizong of Zhou suddenly fell ill and died, and the chancellor Fan Zhi was ordered by Gu to help Chai Rong's youngest son Chai Zongxun succeed him as Emperor Gong. However, this emperor was only 7 years old, and on the first day of the first lunar month of the following year, the Khitan and Northern Han sent troops south, and the Later Zhou ruling minister Fan Zhi and others did not know whether it was true or false, and hurriedly sent Zhao Kuangyin to lead the armies to the north to resist. However, when the army arrived at Chen Qiaoyi, a big thing happened - the Chen Qiaoyi Mutiny.
Finally, the yellow robe was added, and Zhao Kuangyin became the emperor. After a period of twists and turns, the Northern Song Dynasty was established. This gave rise to a problem: Zhao Kuangyin was originally a dian inspection in front of the palace of hou zhou, and he was a great general! After Zhao Kuangyin became emperor, he was also afraid! What are you afraid of? Afraid that if other generals were like themselves, there would be a mutiny, so they would have a glass of wine to release the military power. Because of Zhao Kuangyin's little ideas and actions, the Song Dynasty was militarily weakened for a long time, so that the Song Dynasty repeatedly lost in foreign wars.
What happened after the Song Dynasty? Everyone is most familiar with the Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty can be said to have started from scratch, and Zhu Yuanzhang created the Ming Dynasty, which can be said to be a peasant's world. At the end of the Red Turban Rebellion at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang joined Guo Zixing's ranks, and in 1364 he was called King wu, and in history he was called Western Wu. At the beginning of 1368, he was called emperor and the name of the country was Daming. In the Ming Dynasty, there were many more famous things, for example, in the Ming Dynasty, in order to strengthen the absolute monarchy, the emperor's right and left arm was abolished, that is, the chancellor. Then there was the cabinet system, which was actually the emperor's secretary. In addition, during the Ming Dynasty, there were many Hongwu rule, Yongle shengshi, and Renxuan rule.
The Ming Dynasty still had many such prosperous times, but why did the Ming Dynasty finally perish? Occupied by foreigners? In 1449, the change of Tumu Fort occurred, and the Ming Dynasty at this time turned from prosperity to decline. Then in the last years of the Ming Dynasty, politics was already corrupt, in addition to the Donglin Party strife, there were natural disasters and man-made disasters, and then there was a peasant uprising, which eventually led to the demise of the Ming Dynasty.
What about after the Ming Dynasty? It is the Qing Dynasty, which was the last feudal dynasty in Chinese history. In fact, they have a history from a long time ago. We all know that the rulers of the Qing Dynasty were Manchus, so they existed when Nurhaci established Houjin. Later, the Emperor Taiji changed the name of the country to Qing, the Qing army entered the customs, and then the Qing Dynasty was established. We all say that the Qing Dynasty also succeeded because of women, and the failure was also because of women. Therefore, when it comes to the Qing Dynasty, we have to say that the two women we know well are Xiaozhuang and Cixi.
We may have also watched the TV series Xiaozhuang's secret history, so we are still very familiar with the current situation, and the evaluation of Xiaozhuang in history is basically good, and for Cixi, her evaluation is not as good as Xiaozhuang. In addition, in the Qing Dynasty, there were also many emperors we know well, such as their grandfathers, Kangxi, Qianlong and Yongzheng. In the history of the Qing Dynasty, they are perhaps the most famous. And most of their history, whether cultural or uncultured, is a little bit understood. We can also know about the TV series, although many of the TV series are not in line with historical facts. We often watch such as Kangxi Micro Service Private Interview, Iron Tooth Copper Tooth Ji Xiaolan, and Huan Zhu Gege, and many other TV series related to them.
Why do I say these dynasties? Because these dynasties are representative. The Sui Dynasty, one of the most prosperous dynasties in China, was only a pity for the arrogance and lavishness of the Sui Emperor; the Tang Dynasty was recognized as one of the most powerful eras in China in the world, but it was a pity that eunuchs monopolized power, feudal towns were divided, and partisan disputes were fought; the Song Dynasty, the most prosperous dynasty in the economy, only regretted that it was a pity that the Song Dynasty repeatedly failed in foreign wars. From this point of view, the Ming and Qing dynasties are also similar. Savor ancient Chinese history, sadness, sadness, desolation... But at the same time, there are countless peaceful and prosperous times, and it is precisely because of this that we have a broad and profound Chinese culture.