Dianchi lake golden thread catfish
Character stories
"We have protected 300 species of fish, which is equivalent to protecting more than 20% of fish germplasm resources for the country." Over the past few decades, Yang Junxing, researcher of the Kunming Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Key Laboratory of Fish Breeding on the Yunnan Plateau, has led a team to collect and preserve 300 species of plateau fish germplasm resources, including 102 species of indigenous endemic fish in Yunnan, and completed the research and development of a full-process artificial breeding technology system for 48 indigenous fish species, including anti-wave fish, Dianchi lake golden rayfish, bighead carp and soft-finned fresh lip fish.
After graduating from university in 1983, Yang Junxing was admitted to the Kunming Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to pursue a master's degree, and began to deal with fish in Yunnan. "Yunnan is a treasure trove for biodiversity research." In 1987, he became one of the first doctoral students at the Kunming Institute of Zoology.
In the course of the study, Yang Junxing saw that due to the influence of human interference, drought and other factors, the species and number of indigenous fish in many parts of Yunnan are decreasing. Since the 1960s, the population of Dianchi golden-lined catfish, one of the four most famous fish in Yunnan, has declined sharply, and disappeared from the Dianchi Lake in 1986, leaving only a small number of individuals in the streams and springs of the surrounding tributaries. The Dianchi lake golden-threaded catfish is listed as a national level II protected animal and is an endangered endemic fish in China.
Since 2000, Yang Junxing's research group has relied on relevant projects and funding to conduct extensive research on the number, distribution, habitat, feeding ecology and reproductive ecology of Dianchi lake golden line catfish in the Dianchi Lake Basin, and introduced 200 broodstock from the wild to carry out research on germplasm resource conservation, population restoration, artificial breeding and sustainable utilization.
In 2007, he and his team broke through the artificial breeding of the Dianchi golden herring for the first time. At that time, this was the third national protected fish that was successfully bred in China after the Chinese sturgeon and rouge fish. In order to restore the population of Dianchi golden-threaded catfish in the wild, the Kunming Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences first increased and released 100,000 Dianchi golden-threaded catfish to Songhua Dam in 2009. After that, it was repeatedly multiplied and released into lakes such as Dianchi Lake. After the unremitting efforts of the team, it was possible to keep the Dianchi Golden Thread Catfish.
May 31, 2018, for Yang Junxing and his team, is a memorable day, Dianchi Golden Line Catfish "Catfish You No. 1" received the certificate of new aquatic varieties issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. This is the first new aquatic species approved by the state in Yunnan and even in the southwest region, and it is also the first new species created in China based on national protected fish. After the number of fry is enough to meet the needs of breeding and stocking, Yang Junxing hopes that this famous fish can return to the table of the citizens, so that Yunnan people can eat yunnan famous fish.
"Yunnan's species resources are so rich, it can be said that less than 1% of the species can really transform these resources into industries to develop and meet social needs." Yang Junxing said. The researchers used the group breeding technology, which lasted for 13 years and after 4 consecutive generations, selected and bred an excellent variety of Dianchi golden ray catfish with excellent growth traits, weakened intermuscular spines and strong disease resistance - Dianchi golden thread catfish "Catfish No. 1". The approval of the Dianchi Golden Line Catfish "Catfish You No. 1" marks the success of the exploration of the Dianchi Lake Golden Line Catfish from conservation to sustainable use, and proves the feasibility of developing the characteristic fishery industry of the Yunnan Plateau represented by the Dianchi Lake Golden Line Catfish. At present, dianchi lake golden line catfish "catfish you No. 1" has been promoted in many places.
With the continuous achievements in fish research, Yang Junxing and his team began to expand their research fields and explore the ecological restoration model of plateau lakes and wetlands with "flower-fish-snail-bird". In the model, the flowers are large aquatic plants represented by the sea cauliflower, the fish are the indigenous fish of Yunnan represented by the Dianchi lake golden line catfish, the snails and mussels are the aquatic benthic organisms unique to the plateau lakes, and the birds are the lake wetland birds represented by the black-necked crane. "This three-dimensional ecological restoration model can not only realize the combination of lake ecological governance and indigenous species protection, but also play an important role in the balance of the lake ecosystem and the role of the ecosystem to alleviate environmental pollution."
Yang Junxing's team is exploring the use of this model to restore the ecosystem of the plateau lake. "Plateau lake ecosystems have their own characteristics, and unlike lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, it is necessary to make full use of native animals, plants and microorganisms to help them build a good ecological relationship, so as to play a role in restoring ecology." At present, Kunming Baofeng Wetland is undergoing upgrading and transformation, and the design proposed by Yang Junxing's research group is to build a "flower-fish-snail-bird" restoration model here to play a role in the treatment of Dianchi Lake.
Yunnan network reporter Yang Qiangao
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