<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="01" data-track="8" > Whose sin? </h1>
From "Prime Minister Liu Luoguo" to "Iron Tooth Copper Tooth Ji Xiaolan", the "official fighting" of the Qianlong era has entertained an entire generation. As a display of artistic images, Liu Yong and Ji Xiaolan are just and witty; he is corrupt, but cute and gratifying. The director can skillfully integrate and unify these contradictory and opposing personalities, which can be described as the pinnacle of artistic achievement.
However, the focus of the joke is ultimately "drama", and there is inevitably a gap between it and historical truth. Among them, the image of Ji Xiaolan is probably the most different, and even from the perspective of cultural inheritance, Ji Xiaolan's crime is far greater than that of Hezhen.
It is true that Ji Xiaolan has the moral consciousness of the traditional scholar-doctor class, and from the period of studying politics to doing the main examination and Shangshu, he can keep himself upright and honest in performing official duties; in the event of disasters, famines, he will also write books and say things and ask for the people's lives.
However, this alone can be called "walking the road of the world and carrying the flag of the wind", I am afraid that it is far from enough. Because the ancient intellectuals had a higher spiritual pursuit, namely:
Establish a heart for heaven and earth, establish a destiny for the people, continue to learn from the saints, and open up peace for all the worlds. --Zhang Zai
Ji Xiaolan never tried such a pursuit in his life, because he lacked one of the most important qualities of Confucianism: integrity.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="02" data-track="8" > bamboo buds</h1>
Ji Xiaolan's interpretation in the TV series has always revolved around the main line of struggle with Hezhen. But in fact, Ji Xiaolan and He yan did not have much intersection, although Ji Xiaolan looked down on He Yan from his heart, but both of them were able to get by.
There is a widely circulated legend: He Yan asked Ji Xiaolan for words, and Ji Xiaolan wrote him the words "bamboo buds", taken from the "Book of Poetry" "like bamboo buds, like pine Maoyi". Washu was very happy and hung the words in the house.
One day Qianlong came to visit the door, after seeing the words, he laughed, and he was stunned, Qianlong explained: "This is Ji Xiaolan teasing you, you take the words apart and read them", and He Yan disassembled the words "bamboo buds" and found that they were actually read as: "a straw bag".
The story is taken from the Great View of the Wild History of the Qing Dynasty, but it is likely to be fictional.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="03" data-track="13" >? </h1>
But once the two of them really almost looked at each other:
In the late Qianlong period, Ji Xiaolan's friend Cao Xibao wanted to impeach He yan, and Ji Xiaolan used a Tang poem "Wing Crab" to advise Cao Xibao:
The water is clear and the double ao black is exempted, and the autumn old man cannot escape a red back.
It means that when the time comes, don't act rashly. But Cao Xibao still played He yan a book. As a result, Qianlong was furious and abdicated Cao Xibao.
At this time, Ji Xiaolan's performance was very interesting, and he tried his best to clear himself, saying that he did not know anything and had nothing to do with this matter. However, because the confession was too explicit, it actually aroused suspicion, including Qianlong, everyone felt that Ji Xiaolan was the mastermind behind the scenes.
Speaking of this, I have to say another thing:
Ji Xiaolan's sons and daughters were in their own families, and Lu Jian, the envoy of the two Huai Salt Transports, had been accused of accepting bribes, and Ji Xiaolan, who was in the inner court, first got the news and reported it to his relatives. As a result, not only was Lu Jian convicted, but Ji Xiaolan was also sent to Xinjiang for 2 years for the crime of omission.
Comparing the two events before and after, I remembered a comment made by Yuan Shao in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms: "Do big things and spare yourself, see small profits and forget your life", it feels like a lot.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="04" data-track="22" > corrupt Confucianism? </h1>
Ji Xiaolan's talent and learning are indeed outstanding, and his official position is not low, and he has achieved the highest level of rebbe Shangshu. But in front of Qianlong, he never got the dignity that a scholar should have.
Yin Zhuangtu, a cabinet scholar, accused shi of the abuses, saying that the governors of the provinces were "infamous and the officials were in ruins", and seriously stabbed the glass heart of the Qianlong Emperor, and the court wanted to kill Yin Zhuangtu.
Out of moral consciousness, Ji Xiaolan stood up to intercede for Yin Zhuangtu, but was scolded by Qianlong: I think your literary level is good, so I appointed you to repair the "Four Libraries of the Whole Book", in fact, I raised you as a person who advocates excellence, how dare you interfere in state affairs?
Another time, Ji Xiaolan was appointed as the imperial history of zuodu, but was impeached by his superiors due to poor handling of the case. The Qianlong Emperor replied, "Ji Xiaolan, who was appointed this time, is useless and corrupt in this department, but is just a number..."
No matter what the Qianlong Emperor really thought, these words were indeed hurtful enough. Being able to swallow his breath and do things under his command, where there is still integrity to speak of.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="05" data-track="28" > book burning pit? </h1>
As mentioned above, although Ji Xiaolan has a great contrast with his artistic image in terms of integrity, he is also a common human being and cannot be considered guilty.
The greatest achievement of Ji Xiaolan's life is to preside over the compilation of the "Four Libraries Complete Book". According to popular parlance, the historical significance of the Siku Quanshu is:
The Siku Quanshu is the largest cultural project in ancient China, which provides the most systematic and comprehensive summary of Classical Chinese culture and presents the knowledge system of Classical Chinese culture. The Siku Quanshu can be called the richest and most complete integrated work of traditional Chinese culture. Chinese literature, history, philosophy, science, engineering, agriculture, medicine, almost all disciplines can find the source and blood from it. --Headline Encyclopedia
It seems to be very remarkable, and it has built a magnificent cultural Wall.
But I would like to say that the compilation of the Four Libraries is not only not a credit, but a great sin. As the chief editor, Ji Xiaolan is afraid that it will be difficult to resign his responsibility.
This is not my novelty, see how the sages evaluated this "cultural project":
...... Not to mention the total destruction, the extraction, and so on, the most insidious thing is to delete and modify the content of the ancient book. The Qianlong Dynasty's compilation of the "Four Libraries of the Whole Book" was praised by many people as a prosperous cause of a generation, but they not only disrupted the format of ancient books, but also modified the articles of the ancients; If you make the world's disciples read, you will never feel that among our Chinese authors, there have been very backbone people.
--Lu Xun
"The Qing dynasty compiled the Siku Quanshu and the ancient books died!" --Wu Han
The reason for this evaluation is that the compilation of the "Four Libraries of the Whole Book" certainly had the original intention of sorting out and preserving cultural works, but it also concealed the purpose of imprisoning ideas and eliminating "heresies." In order to compile the "Four Libraries of the Whole Book", Qianlong issued many edicts to collect the world's books, and through clever plunder, the folk collection of books was almost collected.
All the books collected must first pass the "political trial" level, and all books that are not conducive to the rule of the Qing Dynasty will be destroyed. According to statistics, at least 150,000 volumes of books were burned, and more than 700,000 books, accounting for half of all books.
Those who were fortunate enough to "pass the trial" did not have much better fate, and all those who involved words such as "Huaxia" and "Yidi", or content that did not conform to the ideas of the Qing Dynasty, were all tampered with. This is so abhorrent that much of today's content is impossible for us to distinguish between true and false. Some have found the original text through overseas searches, archaeological discoveries, etc., and clarified them. But some, I'm afraid, will never be recognized.
In addition, the compilation of the "Four Libraries of the Whole Book" has also caused many bibliophiles to break up their families and their wives and children to be separated. In collecting books, the Qing court sketched a grand blueprint for the bibliophiles and promoted the prosperity of culture. But once the "prohibited content" is found from the book, what awaits the owner will be a harsh text prison. But what is "prohibited content"? I'm afraid no one can say for sure.
According to statistics, of all the text prison cases that occurred in the former Qing Dynasty, half of the period of compiling the "Four Libraries and Complete Books" accounted for half.
<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="06" data-track="43" > mental castration? </h1>
Han has Jia Yi, Tang has Wei Zheng, Song Taizu's testament ~ do not kill the scholar doctor, the Daming civil officials are a powerful group that dares to compete with the emperor, and in the successive dynasties of the great unification dynasty, no dynasty has ever suppressed culture as harshly as the Manchu Qing, and humiliated the glory of the "scholar" to the extreme.
It was not Ji Xiaolan alone who was mentally castrated, but the vast group of Qing Dynasty readers. Ji Xiaolan was just a poor man from victim to accomplice. Even if it were not for him, thousands of poor accomplices would have come forward to complete the "feats" of the Qing Dynasty.
In this way, Ji Xiaolan does not seem to deserve to be particularly severely criticized, but the praise is even more unnecessary. As a disciple of the saint, even if you can't "continue to learn for the sake of the saints", it is also a true disposition to be attached to the landscape and the water, indulging in ghosts and monsters, or being endowed with fragrant words and enjoying yourself.
Why should we wade through the muddy waters of this "book burning pit", lose our dignity and lose our integrity.