On the second day of the Seven Great Hates, Nurhaci personally led 20,000 infantry and cavalry horses to attack Fushun (present-day Fushun, Liaoning), a major defensive town on the eastern border of the Ming army. Fushun's strategic location is important: it is an important border town east of Liaoyang, the capital of Liaodong Province, and the traffic between Ming and Jianzhou Sanwei is the key point. Fushun City is about 80 miles west of Shenyang, southwest to Liaoyang, and northwest to Kaiyuan about 200 miles each. In the long run, if Nurhaci wants to enter Liaodong, he must open this passage. If the Ming Dynasty wanted to contain Nurhaci, it had to defend the city of Fushun. Neither Jin nor Daming wanted to give up Fushun. Therefore, Fushun naturally became the target of Nurhaci's first attack.
Before the expedition, Nurhaci consulted with his sons and consulted them on their plans to attack Fushun. The eighth son, Emperor Taiji, was quite strategic and offered a strategy to his father. He said: "I heard that the Fushun guerrilla (official name) Li Yongfang opened the city of Ma and ended on the twenty-fifth day of this month (April). During the period of Kaima City, the border preparation is bound to be lax. We will take advantage of the opportunity to attack, and we will be able to win, but it is advisable to take the wisdom as the best strategy, and ask father Khan to first order fifty people disguised as horse traders to drive the horses and divide them into five roads into Fushun City. I then led five thousand troops, and in the middle of the night I rushed to the city, raised the cannon as a trumpet, and attacked inside and outside, and I could get it at my fingertips. Fushun is broken, and several other places can be down without a fight. After hearing Emperor Taiji's plan, Nurhaci couldn't help but be very happy, and immediately expressed his position, fully agreeing with the suggestion of his beloved son.
On April 13, Nurhaci led a large army in two directions and would stay at Mount Gule. The next day, fifty men were selected to pretend to be horse merchants first, and then the two route army were further divided into eight routes: the left wing four banners attacked Dongzhou and Magen shan, and Nurhaci and Zhu Belle led the elite relatives of the right wing four banners and eight banners to take Fushun directly.
The Eight Banners army lined up for hundreds of miles. Emperor Taiji and his 5,000 men had arrived at the city, blowing eggplant as a trumpet, and Nurhaci personally led his troops to Fushun City to meet him. The fifty men who had entered the city first knew that their army had approached the city, so they set fire to the city and shouted, causing panic all over the city, and the outside of the city was surrounded by Houjin soldiers, and they could not escape if they wanted to. Nurhaci asked a Han chinese to go to See Li Yongfang with a letter of surrender. The letter said: If you do not surrender, you will undoubtedly die, and you must not regret it; if you accept the surrender, the soldiers and civilians in the city will be saved, and he himself can marry him and promote himself to a post. (Wulu Vol. 2)
Li Yongfang did not reply to the letter, but deliberately made a defensive posture. Nurhaci then ordered a siege of the city, and in an hour he climbed the walls of the city. At this time, Li Yongfang, dressed in official clothes, mounted his horse, and went to surrender. When he saw Nurhaci, he got off his horse and knelt by the side of the road, and Nurhaci bowed his hand on his horse and accepted his surrender.
Fushun City was thus easily taken by Hou Jin and won the first battle.
After the war, Nurhaci fulfilled his promise to promote Li Yongfang to a third-class vice general, which was a significant promotion from his original guerrilla position. Nurhaci had promised Li Yongfang to marry him, but at this time he also honored it, marrying the eldest daughter of his seventh son, Abatai, to Li Yongfang, setting up a grand banquet and marrying him. According to the generations, Nurhaci became Li Yongfang's grandfather. From the founding of the Later Jin Dynasty, this was probably the first case of Manchu-Han intermarriage. Li Yongfang changed from an ordinary guerrilla general in the Ming Dynasty to an imperial relative of the Later Jin Dynasty, called "Erzhu". Li Yongfang was also the first person to surrender at the beginning of the Ming-Jin War. This incident had a great impact on the later Ming general Hou Jin (Qing). Nurhaci fulfilled his promise and fulfilled his policy, reflecting the great importance he attached to Li Yongfang's rebellion against the Ming Dynasty and the surrender of Jin, a policy that had a significant effect on the later war against the Ming Dynasty.
It is worth mentioning that when Nurhaci attacked Fushun, he got a talent who would be more useful in the future, and he was Fan Wencheng. The official history books of the Qing Dynasty say that he "fought to conquer the military gate" and took the initiative to defect to Houjin. Nurhaci learned that he was a reader and pardoned him. After careful questioning, I learned that he was a descendant of fan Zhongyan, a famous minister of the Song Dynasty, and could not help but be solemnly respected, and specially instructed his sons: "He is a descendant of a famous courtier, and he must be treated well." Fan Wencheng was a great talent for governing the country, and he played a major role in the planning of national events for the Emperor Taiji and Shunzhi dynasties, especially in some key issues, showing his extraordinary vision and talent, and was listed as one of the founding fathers of the Qing Dynasty.
On July 20, Nurhaci launched another campaign to attack the Qinghe River. Qinghe Fort (present-day Qinghe City, Benxi, Liaoning) is located in the southeast of Fushun and is one of the most important border towns after Fushun. The original garrison amounted to more than 5,200 people, and before being attacked by Houjin, 3,000 reinforcements were reinforced, totaling nearly 10,000 people, including more than 1,000 gunners. After the Jin army approached the ground, zou Chuxian, a general stationed in Qinghe, held it with tens of thousands of people. Nurhaci commanded the Eight Banner Army to attack the city, the Ming soldiers threw rolling stones from the city, cast artillery, arrows like rain, could not block the attack of the Houjin soldiers, they rushed to the city, dug the city wall, opened the hole, and swarmed in; the other part was a ladder, from the city wall to jump into the city, the Ming soldiers scattered and fled. Zou Chuxian killed the mount, set fire to the barracks, and led his relatives to fight to the death. Li Yongfang came forward to surrender, Chu Xian scolded, and died at the south gate of the city. Guerrilla Zhang Xu was also killed in battle, and nearly 10,000 people in the whole army died in the battle. After a bloody battle, Qinghe Fort fell.
The two battles of Fushun and Qinghe were separated by three months, but the latter was actually a continuation of the former, and it was two actions of a campaign launched by Nurhaci, so the history is called the "Battle of Fuqing".
The Battle of Fuqing was the first confrontation between the two sides in the history of the Ming and Qing (Later Jin) wars, and the Later Jin won a complete victory.
Nurhaci felt from the victories in the two battles that the Ming Dynasty was not as terrible as originally thought, nor was it difficult to defeat. His confidence grew greatly; the overwhelming indignation displayed by his generals, and the good military qualities convinced him that this army was sufficient to compete with the mighty military power of Daming. Nurhaci had the courage and conviction to fight the Ming Dynasty to the end more than ever!
The news that Fushun and Qinghe had been captured by The Later Jin soldiers soon reached Beijing, and Emperor Shenzong and his courtiers "raised the dynasty to shock". More than 90,000 troops from Fujian, Zhejiang, Sichuan and other places gathered in Shenyang, appointed Yang Hao, the left attendant of the military department and the right Jin capital Yushi Yanghao, as the governor of Liaodong, and gave Shangfang the sword, with the right to cut first and play later.
A great battle of life and death is getting closer and closer! The textbook classic battle of ancient Chinese military history, the "Battle of Salhu", began. Nurhaci, whose wings are becoming more and more full, will experience the biggest test since the 13 pairs of armor were raised.
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