Earlier, we talked about the experiences of zhang tang, Zhang Anshi, Zhang Yanshou, Zhang Bo, Zhang Lin, and the five generations of the Zhang Tang family. In addition to Zhang Tangheng's death, the other four generations have left a good name in the government and the opposition, and Zhang Lin also married Princess Jingwu, the sister of emperor Yuan of Han. As the saying goes, "rich is not more than three generations", the Zhang family has experienced four generations of smooth wind and rain since Zhang Anshi, can the descendants of the Zhang family continue this situation?
First, Zhang is favored
After Zhang Lin's death, his son Zhang Fang inherited the title. During the Hongjia period, Emperor Hancheng wanted to emulate Emperor Wu of Han and go on a tour and feast with his close ministers. Zhang Fang, because he was the son of Princess Jingwu, was involved in the relationship between the emperor and the state, and according to the generations, he was still a cousin of Emperor Hancheng; in addition, he himself was also proficient in Congmin, and soon gained the favor of Emperor Hancheng.
2. Zhang Fang marries his wife
Later, Zhang Fang married the daughter of Empress Xu Jia of Ping'en, the younger brother of Emperor Xu of Hancheng, and this was a great thing. From the relationship between Emperor Cheng of Han, Zhang Fang and he were cousins; from the relationship with Empress Xu, Xu Jia's daughter was her niece. The identity of this newlywed couple is not ordinary, so Emperor Hancheng personally presided over Zhang Fang, organized a big wedding, gave Zhang Fang a mansion compound, increased the carriage and horse ceremonial guard to welcome relatives, and improved the specifications and grades of clothing. In terms of scale and specifications, at that time, it was rumored that this was a beautiful talk such as the emperor marrying his wife and the empress marrying his daughter.
(In terms of interpersonal relations, Zhang Fang was his wife's uncle, but at the time, especially for the rich and powerful, this kind of political marriage did not care about this.) Shi Jingyao, the Later Jin Emperor during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, was willing to recognize Yelü Deguang, who was 11 years younger than himself, as his father in order to become emperor, which is a typical example of disregarding ethics and morality for political interests and not being facetious. ）
After Zhang Fang's beautiful marriage, the relationship with Emperor Cheng of Han went to another level. At this time, government officials and the empress's private officials provided Zhang Fang with a residence for him to live in. Emperor Hancheng and the emissaries of the harem went to Zhang Fang's mansion in an endless stream and rewarded him with tens of millions.
Third, pampering is extraordinary
During this period, Zhang Fang served as a general in the service of Zhonglang and the overseer of Pingle Tunbing, and Emperor Hancheng also allowed him to open a private shogunate with the same etiquette as the general. Just this already shows that Zhang Fang was very hot in front of Emperor Hancheng at this time, but Emperor Hancheng felt that he could not express his favor for Zhang Fang, and even slept with Zhang Fang--this was really beyond the relationship between the monarch and his courtiers.
Fourth, the parade music
Emperor Hancheng's dependence on Zhang Fang was almost inseparable. Therefore, Zhang Fang often followed the Hancheng Emperor on a tour - to the north to Ganquan, to the south to Changyang and Wuping. Not only is it paraded everywhere, but it is also in the well of Chang'an City, fighting cocks and horses.
This kind of life of not being a monarch and not a subject has lasted for many years.
5. Impeachment for four crimes
Emperor Hancheng and Zhang Fang's unorthodox relationship with the emperor was told to the empress dowager by Emperor Hancheng's uncles. The empress dowager also heard about this, and after hearing the complaints of Emperor Hancheng's uncles, she decided that the current Hancheng Emperor was young, and the reason why he behaved inappropriately and did not conform to the regulations of the system was caused by Zhang Fang's instigation. Just at this time, there was another disaster in the world and some abnormal phenomena, and everyone blamed Zhang Fang.
(Note: In ancient times, people believed that the Son of Heaven was all holy, and even if he did something wrong, he was instigated by his subordinates and had nothing to do with the Son of Heaven.) Therefore, when the monarch has made a mistake, someone needs to carry the pot. For example, the demise of Xia and Shang was blamed on female color; the demise of Han and Tang was blamed on eunuchs. ）
Under pressure from all sides, Xue Xuan, the chancellor at the time, and Zhai Fangjin, the imperial chancellor, wrote a letter of impeachment against Zhang Fang. To sum up, there are mainly the following aspects:
Total sin: arrogance, extravagance, and unbridled.
1. Arrest of thieves
The four former attendants, Yu Shi, were ordered to arrest the famous and surnamed thieves in Zhang Fang's home, and at that time, Zhang Fang's home not only did not cooperate with law enforcement, but also ordered his slaves to close the gates, and let them shoot the officials who came to arrest the thieves with bows and arrows, and did not allow these law enforcement officers to enter his home to perform their official duties.
2. Slaves hurt people
When Zhang Fang learned that the common people Li Youjun wanted to sacrifice his daughter to the palace, he sent Jingwu, the music supervisor of lefu, to Li Youjun's home and forcibly demanded his daughter, but Li Youjun resolutely disagreed. When Zhang Fang heard this, he was furious and sent his slaves to Li Youjun's house and injured three people.
3. Attack Lefu
Because of the affairs in the official palace, Zhang Fang resented the official you of the Lefu government, so he sent more than forty of his men, armed with weapons and crossbows, to break into the official office of the Lefu in broad daylight and attack. The officials in the bureaucracy were tied up, smashed and destroyed, and the clerks inside ran and fled, as if they had encountered bandits and thieves. When You Qimang saw Zhang Fang's anger, he could only personally bring the torture equipment, put on the prisoner's clothes, and lead the shouling Shi Tun and others to kowtow to Zhang Fang barefoot to plead guilty, and Zhang Fang was finished.
4. Slavery is evil
His slave subordinates, too, are in a state of power and do no evil. Looking at the wife of a small official, he forcibly demanded it, but when the people did not give it, he killed the small official.
Sometimes, because a person provoked the dissatisfaction of Zhang Fang's slave subordinates, he killed the family of this person at will to vent his anger. After that, he immediately fled into Zhang Fang's mansion, and the government could not enter to arrest the criminals, so they escaped legal punishment under Zhang Fang's protection.
Finally, Xue Xuan and Zhai Fangjin summarized Zhang Fang's crimes: .
Zhang Fang's behavior was frivolous, and he committed heinous crimes continuously, so that the phenomenon of disaster occurred in heaven and earth. As a human subject, Zhang Fang was the first person who was not loyal, and although the crime was clear, because he had been favored by the emperor before, he had not yet been brought to justice. However, Zhang Fang's arrogance and extravagance and violation of heavenly reason were no different from betraying the emperor, and the crimes of any courtier could not be compared with him. Therefore, Zhang Fang was not suitable to continue to serve as a guard in the palace. Therefore, Xue Xuan and Zhai Fangjin jointly requested that Zhang Fang be relieved of his post and let him return to his fiefdom, only in this way could all kinds of evils be eliminated in the bud and the people of Haihai satisfied.
Six or three times of external release
1. Lieutenant of the Northland
Under the pressure of the empress dowager, ministers, and public opinion, Emperor Hancheng had no choice but to release Zhang Fang and appoint him as the governor of the Northern Regions.
2. The capital of Tianshui
However, only a few months later, Emperor Hancheng secretly recalled him to the imperial court and served him as a servant. When the empress dowager saw that Zhang Fang had returned, she ignored Emperor Hancheng's objections and drove Zhang Fang out of the capital again, making him a lieutenant of the Tianshui vassal state. After that, during the years of Yongshi and Yuan Yan, due to the occurrence of solar eclipses every year, Zhang Fang never had the opportunity to return, but the condolence edicts of the Hancheng Emperor were endless. (Solar eclipses, which in ancient times were considered to be an anomalous celestial phenomenon, were a warning from heaven to the Son of Heaven.) ）
3. Lieutenant of Hedong
Soon, because his mother, Princess Jingwu, fell ill, he was gracious and asked Zhang Fang to return to the mansion to visit his mother's condition. After a few months, the princess's condition improved, and Zhang Fang was released again as the governor of Hedong.
7. Go with the Emperor Cheng
Although Emperor Hancheng was very reluctant to let Zhang Fang leave him, due to the reasons of the empress dowager and the chancellor, he had to release Zhang Fang three times, and each time he was in tears and clinging to it. With the passage of time, the hostility between the court and The Chinese towards Zhang Fang also eased somewhat, and Emperor Cheng of Han took the opportunity to summon Zhang Fang back and appointed him as the Grand Master of The Guanglu of Shizhong and the title of 2,000 Stones, a high-ranking official at the provincial and ministerial levels. After more than a year, the original imperial master Zhai Fangjin had been promoted to chancellor and impeached Zhang Fang again, believing that Zhang Fang had too many stains before and could not hold such a high official position. Emperor Hancheng had no choice but to depose Zhang Fang and reward him with five million dollars to return to his fiefdom.
Only a few months later, Emperor Hancheng died. Zhang Fang missed Emperor Hancheng very much, washed his face with tears all day, and finally cried and died, following Emperor Hancheng.
VIII. Manifestation
The Zhang family started from Zhang Anshi, four generations in succession, both high-ranking officials and good reputations, it is said that their tutoring should be very good, why did Zhang Fang's generation suddenly have so many problems? From the perspective of tutoring, let's analyze the reasons for this:
1. Father
Zhang Fang's father, Zhang Lin, had no problem with his conduct, and it was precisely because Zhang Lin had a humble and frugal character that he married Princess Jingwu, the sister of Emperor Yuan of Han, which was also the best evidence of his excellent conduct. Therefore, although Zhang Lin's influence on Zhang Fang is not recorded in the original text, we can completely infer that it is absolutely positive.
2. Mother
Zhang Fang's mother, Princess Jingwu, first married Zhang Fang's father, Zhang Lin; after Zhang Lin's death, she married Zhao Qin; after Zhao Qin's death, she finally married Xue Xuan. It can be said that Zhang Fang's mother is very busy and has no time to take care of Zhang Fang. In particular, after Zhang Lin's death and Princess Jingwu remarried, Zhang Fang became an unconstrained relative of the emperor and the state, so many of the bad deeds of his behavior were partly due to the discipline of fatherless and motherless. His mother, in particular, has a great responsibility.
3. Emperor Cheng of Han
According to blood relations, Emperor Hancheng was Zhang Fang's cousin; according to the monarch-subject relationship in feudal society, Emperor Hancheng was Zhang Fang's father. Therefore, Emperor Hancheng's favor and connivance with Zhang Fang was also one of the important reasons for Zhang Fang's misconduct.
4. Yourself
The above three factors are all external factors that lead to Zhang Fang's misbehavior; and Zhang Fang's own values are the internal factors that lead to his misbehavior. When we look at the original text, from Zhang Tang to Zhang Fang, there is no record of the elders' admonitions to their descendants, but this does not mean that their families do not attach importance to tutoring, but it can show that Zhang Anshi, Zhang Yanshou, Zhang Bo, Zhang Lin, and others can strictly demand themselves. In Zhang Fang's generation, Zhang Fang's values have been distorted, coupled with the death of his father and the blow of his mother's marriage, so that Zhang Fangren has completely indulged in his name, and has since become uncontrollable. Moreover, Zhang placed in the chronicles of the dynasties and dynasties can be said to be an extremely special exception - one person has two biographies in the same history book! His detailed biography is attached to the Biography of Zhang Tang, but in the Biography of Hanshu Yuxing, there is also a biography of him, although there is only one sentence, but it is enough to firmly nail Zhang Fang to the column of shame in history!
In summary, we can see that no parent can accompany the child for a lifetime, especially in today's society, in the future, after the child goes to college and works, he basically rarely goes home to communicate with the parents, and it is difficult for the parents to guide and regulate the child's behavior, so when the child graduates from junior high school and high school, it means the difference with the parents. Therefore, our parents must pay attention to their children's views on life, values, and even worldview when they are around, so that they can form correct concepts, only in this way, when their parents are not around, children will not be disturbed by the external environment and do some things that make parents worry about shame.
At this point, we have finished Talking about Zhang Fang's life. So what will happen to Zhang Fang's descendants? Will it be as arrogant and lawless as Zhang Fang? Stay tuned.
——The historical sources of this article are "Hanshu Zhang Tang Biography", "Hanshu Zhao Chong Guo Xin QingJie Biography", "Hanshu Xue Xuan Zhu Bo Biography", "Hanshu Yuxing Zhang Fang Biography"