<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="1" > littering cigarette butts to detonate the Xinhai Revolution? </h1>
Well, seeing this topic, it is estimated that many people think that Lao Sa has taken the wrong medicine - this is a great revolution to overthrow the feudal system, in response to providence, in accordance with the will of the people, how can it be linked to such a thing as throwing cigarette butts?
Watch out for Mr. Sun to talk to you in the middle of the night.
This incident should not alarm the father of the nation, the first gunshot of the Xinhai Revolution occurred in Wuhan, when Mr. Zhongshan was still in the United States. However, the so-called "Mr. Sun washed dishes in the United States at this time" is a malicious rumor, on the day of the Wuchang uprising, he had just moved into a hotel in Denver and was scheduled to give a speech the next day to collect donations for the next uprising of the League.
The gunfire of the Wuchang uprising is likely to be related to an incident of littering cigarette butts.
Why is it possible? Because it is only one of the possibilities, and the parties at the scene have different opinions, the cause of the accident is calculated to have two possibilities.
In October 1911, two anti-Qing revolutionary organizations in Wuhan, Hubei Province, the Literary Society and the Communist Progressive Association, were preparing for an uprising in full swing—the two organizations and Sun Yat-sen's alliance were parallel and even inconsistent in revolutionary ideas. The League always wanted to lay down a border province first, so as to get support from abroad, while the Wuhan side believed that the Yangtze River should be cut off, and the Qing Dynasty should be divided into two halves at once, at least in a state of leaderlessness south of the Yangtze River, and the revolutionary comrades could follow suit.
They proved to be on the right track.
The soul of the Wuchang uprising was this one, Sun Wu, the leader of the Communist Progressive Association.
This revolutionary with a beard opposite to Sun Yat-sen's direction was often regarded as Sun Yat-sen's brother - Sun Yat-sen's real name was Sun Wenmai, and he never denied it, so the Wuchang Uprising was also rumored by some people as Sun Yat-sen's behind-the-scenes organization. In fact, he was from Hubei, and he was not from the same family as Sun Yat-sen, a Guangdong native, five hundred years ago.
However, from the perspective of resume, if an uprising is launched, Sun Wu's qualifications should still be above Sun Wen. He once studied at the Hubei Accelerated Martial Arts Academy, and later worked with Tang Caichang to engage in self-reliance army, and even went to Japan to study military affairs. In contrast, Sun Wen's specialty is medicine, and Bai bears the nickname of "Sun Cannon".
After the rise of the Sichuan Baolu Movement, Sun Wen joined forces with Jiang Yiwu, the leader of another revolutionary organization, the Literary Society, and resolved to jointly launch an uprising. However, the Real Outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising was not led by them, but by the spontaneous actions of the officers and men of the New Army. The changes in between are all due to an accident.
Sun Wu and Jiang Yiwu and others scheduled for the uprising on October 16. However, on October 9, the Political Preparatory Office of the Uprising Command Organ at No. 14 Baoshanli in the Russian Concession of Hankou was exposed because Sun Wu accidentally exploded while making a bomb.
The comrades only had time to rescue the wounded Sun Wu, and after the patrol arrived, they found the roster of rebels, printed letters, and so on, and quickly informed the Qing government, and as a result, the Qing government followed the vines and destroyed a number of underground organs one after another, arresting and killing the leading cadres of the uprising, Liu Fuji, Peng Chufan, and Yang Hongsheng. Sun Wu and Jiang Yiwu were both hunted down and lost control of the uprising.
On the night of October 10, some officers and men of the New Army, who were worried about the Qing Dynasty arresting people according to the list, spontaneously instigated an uprising, captured the Chuwangtai Armory, and immediately occupied the entire three towns of Wuhan. The Wuchang Uprising triggered a chain reaction, and the Xinhai Revolution was completed.
The Wuchang Uprising was originally the former site of the command organ.
In this way, at least from a formal point of view, the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution actually came from the unexpected explosion in Baoshanli. Otherwise, in terms of the probability that none of the revolutionaries' uprisings at that time would succeed, Sun Wu's plan did not know what the outcome would be, and such a leaderless rebellion was actually a fist-throwing beating to death of the teacher.
The problem is that it comes to this explosion. How did this accident happen?
Speaking of this explosion, a historian once told this writer with a little helplessness that at the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were quite a number of military cadets who stayed in Japan, including many outstanding military talents such as Cai Yi and Zhang Shaozeng, but there were also a group of quick-track students who did not learn much real military courses, and were only suitable for being "chaotic parties."
Their study abroad time is very short, their language foundation is not good, most of them have a hard time in class, but they have learned the enthusiasm of Japanese junior officers and ronin. From a military point of view, the ability to command the army and navy is too long to learn, and it is much easier to build bombs, and many people are experts in this area. Sun Wu may not be like this, it is true that he can build bombs, but it seems that he is not too familiar with the operation, so it caused this accident.
The first possibility of an explosion was Sun Wu's liability accident. According to the recollection of Party member Xie Shiqin, Sun Wu built an iron shell bomb at that time, pre-built a cast iron shell like a coconut shell, then put homemade explosives in it, and finally installed a fuze at the opening, and pulled the fuze when used.
It can be seen from this that the so-called "Sun Wu-style bomb" of the Xinhai Revolution is about the same principle as the horsetail grenade of the Eighth Route Army.
At that time, Sun Wu was building a bomb on the 14th floor of Baoshanli, and there were seven or eight finished and semi-finished products around him, Xie Shiqin thought it was unsafe, Sun Wu did not think so, and laughed at Xie Shiqin for being a scholar and timid. Xie Shiqin was more cautious, so he carried the bomb downstairs by himself, and as soon as he went downstairs, there was a loud noise above and an explosion occurred.
He recalled that the reason for the explosion was that Sun Wu "stirred the gunpowder too hard" and detonated the explosives, while some people recalled that sun Wu had caused the explosion caused by too much sulfuric acid when he made the bomb.
When Lao Sa saw this, he inhaled a cold breath - there are many ways to make explosives, but they can be made by hand, and there seems to be only one kind of sulfuric acid, that is, nitroglycerin.
Nitroglycerin molecular formula.
In 1847, the bottles of nitric acid and sulfuric acid in the laboratory of the Italian chemist Sobrero were poured, and they just mixed with the glycerin below, resulting in a yellow oily substance, which is now called nitroglycerin, which is the drug of choice for heart disease emergencies.
However, when Sobrero mixed the three things and prepared to make it by stirring, there was a violent explosion, the chemist was blown unconscious, and the laboratory was almost completely destroyed--nitroglycerin was later noticed to be a powerful and dangerous explosive.
Nobel's father and brother were killed by this thing, but it was Nobel who invented the absorption of nitroglycerin from diatomaceous earth or nitrated cotton fibers, which made it a relatively safe explosive.
Nitroglycerin is powerful and simple to manufacture (due to the danger of this thing, in order to stop simulating crime, Lao Sa has made a little adjustment to its molecular formula...). Sun Wu looks like he is making this thing out of sulfuric acid, and then adsorpting it with the corresponding substance to reduce its danger and become explosives that can be filled in bombs. Considering that Sobrero had an accident while stirring nitroglycerin but did not die, Sun Wu's situation was really similar to his.
However, the historical materials of the Republic of China period are difficult to trust, and in order to make money to create eye-catching reports, it is almost a common disease of journalists at that time, so this stirring explosion may not be accurate, after all, Xie Shiqin was not at the scene of the explosion at that time.
At the scene of the explosion were Sun Wu, his assistant Wang Boyu, and the family of an insurgent named Liu Tong (his brother was Liu Gong, another leading rebel leader, and he himself simply played soy sauce). According to Wikipedia, they also recalled the incident afterwards, but the language was vague, and only one sentence was important - the incident was caused by Liu Tong smoking a cigarette.
Both ads seem to be aimed at the Xinhai Revolution.
Ironically, the revolutionaries of the Qing Dynasty were quite rational and bold in their activities, Prince Su's participation in the secret meeting of the Beijing revolutionaries and his donation of money, and Wu Luzhen, the leader of the League, who led troops for the Qing court, were all things that seemed absurd but were written in history. Therefore, the secret organ of the uprising came to watch from the sidelines of the melon-eating masses like Liu Tong, and Sun Wu and others were completely inappropriate.
However, this melon-eating crowd may be so idle that he even smoked a cigarette while watching Sun Wu make a bomb! As a result, the cigarette butt was lost (also said to be a soot bomb) and was thrown into a bomb that was not yet equipped with a fuse, so...
It is said that the Xinhai Revolution was thus detonated.
There's actually a problem with that — nitroglycerin, though grumpy, isn't easily ignited. But this problem is not insoluble, at that time there were often cases of mixing black powder with nitroglycerin explosives, Sun Wu may have added nitroglycerin to black powder to enhance its power, but the revolution was detonated by this bystander.
By the way, the bombs built by Sun Wu's revolutionary party before the Wuchang uprising later proved to be of poor quality, and after the Baoshanli organ was cracked, according to the traitor's confession, the Qing government immediately touched No. 85 Xiaochao Street, which was the military headquarters of the uprising. At that time, the revolutionaries in the organ bravely broke through, and Liu Fuji, who had served as the head of the Brotherhood Punishment Hall, volunteered to serve as a blockade, and he rushed to the staircase to throw bombs at the patrol below, and as a result... Without a sound, Liu Fuji was unfortunately arrested.
Almost at the same time, Yang Hongsheng, another revolutionary responsible for transporting ammunition, was also chased and intercepted by Qing army detectives, and in a hurry, he threw a bomb at the Qing army in an attempt to escape, and the bomb exploded at close range, but it injured him, and Yang Hongsheng was arrested.
The two of them, together with Peng Chufan, who was arrested in Xiaochao Street, were killed that night in the face of the Great Righteousness of the Qing Dynasty officials, known in history as the "Three Righteous Soldiers of Wuchang Shouyi".
Two of the Sanyi soldiers of Wuchang Shouyi fell into the hands of the enemy because the bomb did not work, and the production of this thing must be problematic, and Sun Wu could not escape the blame.
So, are the two accounts of the explosion in Baoshanli over-stirring, or is it a revolution caused by a cigarette?
Anyway, it was ridiculous enough, but the behemoth of the Qing Dynasty was actually killed by such a ridiculous thing. The people's hearts are really willing to subvert a dynasty with just one cigarette.
【End】
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