<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > introduction</h1>
After the "three families divided into Jin", the Jin state was immediately followed by the demise, and the three families of Han, Zhao, and Wei joined the struggle for hegemony among the princes, and the era of war began. The powerful Jin state was divided into three, and the qin state that had not been successful for a long time did not have to face the powerful Jin state anymore, ushering in a good opportunity for troops to go out of Hanguguan to dominate the Central Plains. This incident not only affected the history of the Jin Dynasty, but also had a profound impact on the general trend of the world.
Looking at the history of the Jin Dynasty, you will find that the division of the Jin State is actually an inevitable trend, and all this is rooted in the Jin system established by the Gong Gong. This system perfectly eliminated the threat of the gong clan to the monarchy, and made the Jin state rejuvenated and jumped to the throne of the Spring and Autumn Overlord. However, due to the limitations of this system itself, it became the driving force behind the division of the Jin state, and had a deep influence on the entire historical process of the Jin state. I will take you to a new perspective on the characteristics of the system itself and its impact on the course of jin history.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" >, what is the "System of Jin Sacrifice", and how it was formed</h1>
The "System of The Duke of Jin" was founded by the Duke of Jin, a domestic policy of expelling the country of mothers and uncles instead of raising a group of princes, and implemented a system of selecting officials to be virtuous rather than relatives. This system dealt a heavy blow to the patriarchal feudal system, and to a certain extent promoted the development of the history of the Jin state, but also because of the shortcomings of this system itself, the Jin state eventually went to the road of division, so how did this system form?
The State of Jin was a princely state surnamed Ji, and the first monarch, Shu Yu, was the younger brother of King Cheng of Zhou, and there is no doubt that the State of Jin was also a patriarchal feudal system. The monarch distributed the land among the clans and nobles at all levels in accordance with the principle of kinship and respect, that is, the Gong clan occupied the vast majority of the land in the Jin state. This patriarchal system did play a positive role in uniting clan members, ruling over the people under its jurisdiction, and resisting foreign invasions to a certain extent.
If everyone in the world can do things according to established rules, then any system can work perfectly, but there will always be some people who will jump out and break the balance. With the rapid expansion of the greed of the Gong clan, the Jin Dynasty began to covet the throne of the country, which led to a sixty-seven-year war to seize the throne. After five defeats, finally in the sixth "Quwo Wugong" led troops to attack the capital of the Jin state, Yicheng, overthrew the Marquis of Jin, and seized the orthodox status of the Jin state, known in history as "Quwo Daiyi". Emperor Xiaozong destroyed Emperor Dazong and established a powerful regime of Emperor Shuzi.
Duke Xian of Jin ascended the throne in the second year after daiyi, and he soberly realized that in order to revitalize the Jin state and strive for hegemony and strength, it was necessary to consolidate the new political power established. In order to eliminate the threat to the Jin Dynasty within the Gongfu Clan, reverse the situation in which the Gong Clan forced the King, and prevent the occurrence of incidents similar to the "Quwo Daiyi", he began to massacre the Jin Guo Gong clan on a large scale, so that the Jin Gong Clan was slaughtered and killed, and it was no longer possible to compete with the royal family. In the last year of the Jin Dynasty, there was another "Rebellion of Li Ji", the crown prince ShenSheng committed suicide, and The heavy ear and Yiwu fled, which greatly reduced the Jin clan.
Cursed without a herd of princes, since the Jin Dynasty no gong clan - "Zuo Zhuan"
Since then, this system has been established that the successive Jin kings cannot be changed, except for the heirs, the children of the Jin emperors are no longer given the title of duke, no longer participate in state affairs, abolish the official position of the gong clan doctor, and reuse the nobles of the opposite sex.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > second, the multiple effects of the "System of Jin Sacrifices" on the Jin State</h1>
The original intention of the Jin Dynasty was to strengthen the centralization of power by the central monarch, to combat the patriarchal system, and to eliminate the threat of the imperial power of the public clan. Jin Xiangong made full use of the advantages of this system, appointing people on the basis of merit, giving full play to the advantages of the Jin people's bravery and good war, and constantly using troops to the outside world, while achieving great results in battle, it also laid the foundation for the subsequent hegemony of Wen Gong. Due to some limitations of the system itself, it also caused a series of adverse effects on the Jin Dynasty. Personally, I believe that the influence of the "Jin Dynasty" on the Jin State is mainly in the following points:
The core of the patriarchal system was to implement the primogeniture system in accordance with the principle of kinship, establish a strict relationship between large and small clans, distribute benefits according to blood and clan relations, and appoint officials to maintain political stability. The implementation of the Jin system is first reflected in the choice of heirs, the son is on the throne, the brother is the brother, and the uncle is the nephew. Clan princes were left to other countries and were not allowed to remain in the country, and The Jin princes were no longer divided, and the patriarchal feudal system was completely destroyed. The vacant position of the center of political power, the monarch chooses between the secretaries of the opposite sex, appoints meritocrats, and obtains rights and titles by virtue of true talent and practical learning. For a time, in the Jin Dynasty, a good social atmosphere of kings and sages, knowing people and being good at their duties, and selecting talents and abilities was formed.
The implementation of the "Jin dynasty system" promoted the legal system of the Jin state to a certain extent; the collapse of the patriarchal system was accompanied by the rise of the Qing forces of the opposite sex, and the relationship within the Jin society was further complicated. Forces such as the Jin Jun, the old branch of the Gong clan, and the heterosexual Qing Dafu were intertwined with each other, making it more difficult for the Jin people, who had diluted the concept of "etiquette" to manage. In order to maintain social order and restrain the behavior of the Jin people, the Jin state began to promote the rule of law, and legislative activities appeared first among the princely states, with a clear banner advocating the rule of law, abandoning the rule of etiquette, prompting the Jin state as a whole to work hard, and laying the foundation for the struggle for hegemony in the civil and public spheres.
The "System of Jin Xian Gong" did not make the Jin State form a centralized power, but made the Secretaries of State bigger; the purpose of the Jin Gong to promote this system was nothing more than these two: (1) to eliminate the threat to the monarchy within the clan and to prevent the recurrence of the "Quwo DaiYi" incident; (2) to abolish the right of the Jin princes to participate in the political power, to avoid the monarch's decision-making being subject to the gong clan, that is, to form a centralized power in the Jin state; with the implementation of the system, the early period did have an immediate effect. The power of the Gong clan was minimal, the internal threats to the monarchy were all swept away, and the present of Zhu Ji and the ability of different surnames were all used for the construction of the Jin State, showing a good momentum. With the conquest of the Jin Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty achieved great results, and a group of capable Gong clan old branches and doctors of the opposite sex emerged, contributing their own strength to the strength of the Jin State, and received rich rewards at the same time, but also gained huge rights. After the foreign qing masters ascended to the political stage of the Jin dynasty, as their power grew, their appetites became larger and larger, and their desire to occupy land became greater and greater.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > third, the "System of Jin Sacrifice" became the black hand that pushed the Jin state into division</h1>
The original intention of the "Jin Dynasty" was to strengthen the centralization of power by the monarchy and eradicate the scourge of the tail and the weak and the strong. Contrary to expectations, this system not only failed to eradicate this scourge, but intensified the power struggle between the monarchs and vassals, becoming a black hand that pushed the Jin state into division. So how did the "Jin Dynasty" push the Jin State step by step towards division? I think it is nothing more than the following two points:
The gun barrel out of the political power, the "system of dedication" led to no one available to the gong clan, the military power was scattered, and the military power in the hands of the qing doctor with different surnames was getting bigger and bigger; with a series of operations of the Jin Dynasty, the prince of the Jin state first went through the slaughter of the gong, and then after the "Rebellion of Li Ji", to the time of the Duke wen of Jin, he had to rely on the opposite sex Qing Doctor to share the military power. During the period of hegemony of the Jin Dynasty, Zhu Qing made great contributions to the Jin State, and the military power was increasingly in the hands of Qing Dafu. Under the system of "Jin Wugong", on the one hand, it was a gradually increasing land, and on the other hand, it was gradually strengthening military power, so that the Qing clan could not expand without expansion. The swelling Qing Dafu wanted to have more say in the court, and Jin Jun also felt that Qing Dafu was becoming more and more unfriendly, and the power struggle between the group of subjects was about to erupt.
In the court, the secretaries of state became more and more inflated, launching an impact on the monarchy, and a struggle for the power of the monarchs broke out within the Jin state; under the Jin system, the dukes of the opposite sex and the Qing dynasty relied on their own skills to follow the Jin jun to the east and west, and after making great achievements, they entered the political power center of the Jin state. Under the policy of "Jin No Gong Clan", the Jin Jun clan has little record after the dedication of the gong, which is very small, but qing dafu has made more and more land by virtue of the division of fiefs, and it has become more and more inflated, and it has become more and more unobtrusive to the Jin Jun, triggering a new round of power struggle, and the internal court has become restless. After the Duke wen of Jin, zhao dun of the Qing clan had monopoly power, and the Duke of Jinling was quite dissatisfied with Zhao Dun, and had murdered Zhao Dun twice but without success, and Zhao Dun's brother "Attacking the Linggong in Taoyuan" opened a precedent for the Qing clan to kill the king. After that, the struggle between the monarchs and courtiers reached a white-hot stage, and finally ended in a dismal end with Jin Jun's victory and loss, and finally after the Jin Mourning Gong, it was completely vacated by Qing Dafu, and with the development of time, the merger struggle between Qing Dafu and each other was becoming more and more fierce.
Finally, in 453 BC, the protracted "Battle of Jinyang" finally ended with the destruction of the Zhi clan and the division of the Zhi clan land by the three families of Han Zhao and Wei, although the Jin Emperor was still there, but it basically showed that the Jin State existed in name only. The loss of political power, the fall of military power, and the only thing that awaited the Jin state were division and destruction. In the end, it is fundamentally the "Jin Wugong clan" caused by the "System of Jin Sacrifice". As a result, jin jun used this sharp blade to lead the jin state to be invincible, dominate the world, and then be cut by it, and eventually led to division and destruction.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > hour hand has something to say</h1>
The Duke of Jin only saw the fierce struggle for power within the Gong clan, so he adopted a one-size-fits-all approach to formulate the system of "Jin Wu Gong Clan". Although this system eliminated the threat of the monarchy within the clan to a certain extent, it formed a good social atmosphere of the monarchy and the wise, the wise and the wise, and the good and good people in the Jin Dynasty. In addition, with the flexible official selection system, the gathering of talents, the different surnames of Qing Dafu also made great contributions to the strength of the Jin State.
However, The Gong gong ignored the other side of the system, the negligible Jinguo clan could not balance the increasingly powerful Qing Dafu, the political balance tilted little by little to the Qing Dafu Fang, and the Jin Jun, who lost the support of the Gong clan, became more and more powerless in the internal struggle, and eventually became the only big country to be divided in the Spring and Autumn Period.