"The grass on the Zizhi platform is continuous, and people do not count the years when they go to the platform. Invite friends to take the spring to climb the overlook, only to hear the flowing water playing the Zhu string. This poem, entitled "Qintai", is the work of the late Tang Dynasty poet Pi Rixiu, who was honored by the famous minister Yuan Dexiu and the site of "Qintai Good Governance". Because of the Yuan De Xiu character Zizhi, the poem calls the Qintai "Zizhitai".
Whether from the perspective of literary history or political history, Yuan Dexiu is a very peculiar phenomenon. First of all, as a famous and recorded poet and great writer, Yuan Dexiu's surviving works, especially poetry, are very few, but there are many poems praised by later generations. In addition to Pi Rixiu, Xiao Yingshi, Yuan Jie, Meng Jiao, Lu Zai, Ouyang Zhan, Su Shi, Mei Yaochen, Lin Tong, Chao Chongzhi, Yuan Haowen and other poets with high or low popularity have also been passed down from generation to generation. Secondly, Yuan Dexiu only served as a sesame official like Lushan County Ling, but he was well documented in history and recognized him as an outstanding politician. Although the title of politician is not the patent of high-ranking officials, as a county order with a narrow management scope and small social influence, it is difficult to become a politician recognized by history.
Yuan Dexiu, who lived in Taiyuan (present-day Taiyuan, Shanxi), later moved to Lushan (present-day Lushan County, Henan), and entered the army in the 21st year of the New Century (733). Yuan Dexiu was originally a descendant of the Xianbei noble tuoba clan, and during the Northern Wei dynasty, the Tuoba clan changed its surname to Yuan. Strictly speaking, Yuan Dexiu should be regarded as an ethnic minority jinshi. Because he lived in Lushan for a long time and did the Lushan County Order, Yuan Dexiu was revered as "Yuanlu Mountain". Yuan Jie, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, was the cousin of Yuan Dexiu.
At the time of the jinshi and the first, Yuan Dexiu was almost confused. Yuan Dexiu's experience of catching up with the exam was also extremely rare among the ancient students who rushed to take the exam. Yuan Dexiu lost his father as a teenager, his family was poor, and his livelihood was difficult. Yuan Dexiu has been sensible since childhood, not only diligent and studious, but also filial piety to his mother. Because he could not rest assured of his elderly and frail mother, Yuan Dexiu carried the old man on his back and rushed from his hometown to the capital to take the imperial examination. Yuan Dexiu, who carried his mother to take the exam, created a moving story in the history of the imperial examination.
Before he could calm down from the joy of the title of the golden list, Won Deok-so's mother unfortunately died of illness. After burying his mother, Yuan Dexiu built a simple grass hut next to his mother's cemetery to guard filial piety for his mother. During the period of filial piety, Yuan Dexiu only used the simplest food to fill his hunger, not to mention meat and fresh goods, and even refused to eat salt. Meditating and resting in the grass hut, Yuan Dexiu had never even used such supplies as straw mat cushions. Baishan filial piety comes first, and Yuan Dexiu's touching filial piety and sincerity have won him a very high reputation.
The ancients married, paying attention to the fate of their parents. When his mother was alive, Won Deok-so was never married. After his mother's death, because he did not have the life of his parents, Yuan Dexiu never married. Yuan Dexiu's approach seems to be dogmatic and rigid, and may not be worthy of emulation by future generations. However, Yuan Dexiu's respect for his parents and this dedication and sincerity to filial piety are extremely commendable.
Wontoku-so is proficient in musical rhythm and is an excellent musician. Yuan Dexiu's skill in playing the guqin was fascinating, and people flocked to him to be able to observe his performance live. During his tenure as The Commander of Lushan County, in order to get closer to the people and further improve office efficiency, Yuan Dexiu gave full play to his playing expertise and invented a live office method with ingenuity, deducing a good story of "Good Governance of Qintai". At that time, the people's cultural level and awareness of rights protection were very low, and their willingness to participate in government affairs could not be discussed. In order to mobilize the enthusiasm of the people to participate in politics and listen to and understand the sufferings of the people, Yuan Dexiu really opened his mind.
Yuan Dexiu led some of his men to build a simple piano platform in Lushan County. During the period of county order, as long as there is time, Yuan Dexiu will play on the piano stage to attract the public to come and listen. In addition to the performance, Yuan Dexiu humbly listened to the opinions of the people, seriously understood the sufferings of the people, put himself in the shoes of the people to solve some practical problems, and was praised by the people. Yuan Dexiu's practice of playing the piano to govern the government has been passed on to ten or ten hundred, and more and more people have come to listen to the piano to reflect the problem. In this way, the piano platform, which was originally a place for theatrical performances, has become an office place with super efficiency and excellent effect. Is such an on-site office unheard of?
Yuan Dexiu was loyal and simple, and his character was noble, not only did the people respect him as "Yuan Qingtian" and "Yuan Shenxian", but many officials were impressed by his personality and admired him. An important court official once said: "As long as you see Yuan Dexiu's pure and sincere eyes and upright and innocent face, you can make people abandon all the hearts of fame and fortune and unscrupulous distractions." "Influenced by Yuan Dexiu's personality, most of their disciples are also people with both moral integrity and ability. When Yuan Jie was a teenager, he studied with Yuan Dexiu for a long time.
After serving as a lushan county order, Yuan Dexiu hung up his crown and left, living in seclusion in the beautiful Scenery of Luhun Mountain. Losing such a good parent official, the people of Lushan beat their chests and feet, like a mourning concubine. After living in seclusion for more than ten years, a flash flood broke out in the Luhun Mountains, and Yuan Dexiu, who was isolated from the outside world, was starved to death. It is heartbreaking that a generation of famous courtiers has ended up in such a miserable situation.
After hearing the bad news of Yuan Dexiu's death, Yuan Jie was in pain and cried to death. Some people advised Yuan Jie that mourning should be temperate, and if you lose your attitude excessively, you will lose the etiquette of being an official. Yuan Jie said, "You only know how to persuade me to be restrained, to say that what etiquette is not etiquette, and how can you understand my sincere feelings and respect for this good brother!" Throughout his life, he was upright and selfless, dedicated to the public and the people, not coveting glory and wealth, and not being close to dogs and horses. There is no ten acres of land in the home, no room of ten feet, and there is no surplus of wealth behind him. The reason why I am so sad is because the world has lost such a good person, and I use this to warn those absurd adulterers and shameless children! ”
In order to find a few more surviving poems by Yuan Dexiu, the author rummaged around and tried a lot of effort, but found nothing. Therefore, he had to end this article with this poem "Returning to Hermitage" written when he resigned from office: "Slowly walking out of Lushan, Lu Hun is in a good place." There are no servants and concubines in the family who are hungry and forgetful, and their own piano books are not prosperous. From this, we can glimpse Yuan Dexiu's frank and selfless mind, as well as open-minded attitude and values in life.
For a good person and a good official like Yuan Dexiu, the author actually has a desire to write more words for him. However, the main theme of this series is "Tang Poetry and Keju", and the words that have nothing to do with it should not be too much. As a poet whose own works have been passed down from generation to generation, but who has won countless hymns behind him, Yuan Dexiu is definitely a unique landscape for the Tang Dynasty and the poetry world.
Tani ogi
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