Qin Jiwei: A lifelong and diligent general of the Hundred Battles

Qin Jiwei (1914-1997) was a well-known "General of Hundred Battles" in our army, known for his courage and strategy, ability to fight good battles, and his combat deeds are well known to everyone. Especially on the battlefield of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, he commanded the 15th Army to defeat the enemy in the Battle of Shangganling, and played the national prestige of the Chinese nation and became famous at home and abroad. This founding hero who has been a hero all his life and has made outstanding achievements in battle, has been hungry and thirsty all his life, and his tireless spirit of learning has made people deeply admired and deeply educated.

Humble ruogu is busy studying. When Qin Jiwei joined the revolution in 1927, he was still a 13-year-old "little red devil" with almost no cultural background. And 10 years of arduous agrarian revolutionary war made him have the heart to study but the inability to study. It was not until after the outbreak of the All-out War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in 1937 that Qin Jiwei single-handedly formed the Taigu guerrilla detachment with "student soldiers" as the main body, that he really began his career of cultural learning. At that time, Qin Jiwei, who was the commander of the detachment, had many knowledgeable and educated "student soldiers" around him. In the process of leading the troops to organize training, he deeply felt that "if there is no culture, only by virtue of the courage of the puppet, sooner or later it will be eliminated by the times", and the sense of crisis and urgency of learning has sprung up. Since then, he has humbly and shamelessly asked the "student soldiers" for advice. Slowly, he learned to look up the four-corner number dictionary, and he had to look up any word he didn't know, and there were two or three dictionaries that he had turned over. He showed the "student soldiers" his diaries, asked them to help find typos, and then looked up the dictionary to deepen their memories. He also consciously practiced speaking, often going into the woods alone to practice tone, tone, and posture against flowers and trees. Qin Jiwei's spirit of study deeply touched the "student soldiers" around him, who respected and believed this young "old Red Army" even more and took the initiative to mingle with him, which laid a good foundation for Qin Jiwei's cultural study.

The pen is not quitting the text. Qin Jiwei began to keep a diary in 1937, and in the rain of bullets and bullets, the gunfire and smoke did not stop for a day, and the diary became his closest partner on the battlefield. During the most arduous period of the War of Resistance Against Japan, he used oil lamps and prostrated kang tables in his hometown every night to sort out and record the events one by one. On the day of the Battle of the Crossing River, he squatted on the embankment of the river and wrote down a brief battle record and wrote down a field diary of more than 2,000 words. After the Battle of Shangganling began, he sat in the command of Daodedong, almost seven days and seven nights without sleep, recorded new situations and new feelings anytime and anywhere, and used up most of the diary in just a few days. On the Korean battlefield, once he held a meeting until more than one o'clock in the morning, when he was supposed to write a diary, the guards forgot to bring the diary, so he had to ask the guards to find a blank piece of paper, record the day's observations and experiences on the white paper, and copy it to the diary the next day. This incident was a great education for the guards. Every time his guards adjusted, the old guards always made "bringing a diary" a top priority for the new guards. It is precisely because he has worked tirelessly to write a diary that Qin Jiwei's writing level and ideological level have been qualitatively improved and improved. Today, as we look through his nearly a million-word war diary, you have to be impressed by his perseverance.

The book of war has a long meaning. During the Battle of Huaihai in 1948, Qin Jiwei captured a copy of Sun Tzu's Art of War on the battlefield. Taking advantage of the gap between the bombing of enemy aircraft during the day and the inconvenience of the troops to carry out the battle, he read Sun Tzu's Art of War three times in the field fortifications. The first time to recognize the new words, the second time to understand the meaning, the third time to understand the way. At that time, the cannon fire outside the fortifications and the sound of explosions were incessant, while Inside the fortifications, Qin Jiwei was concentrating and doing nothing. Squatting in a trench to study "Sun Tzu's Art of War" can be described as a different kind of artistic conception, which enables him to have a more in-depth and thorough understanding of military dialectical relations such as enemy and enemy, advance and retreat, attack and defense, virtual reality, and qizheng. And this is not the first time he has studied on the battlefield. After conquering Zhengzhou in 1946, he got a novel by Lao She.

After reading it, he wrote: "The content of this novel is to study the characteristics of human beings, and the purpose of my reading is to increase some social experience and improve the writing method and grammar, so I am not small interested in it." "The love of reading books and newspapers not only enriches his cultural heritage, but also enables him to gain insight into the situation at home and abroad, which is of great help to battlefield research and judgment." In the Battle of Shangganling, Qin Jiwei learned from the "Reference News" run by the 15th Army that the US president was about to be elected, and the Battle of Shangganling was on the same day as the opening of the Seventh United Nations General Assembly, which made him understand the enemy's motives for fighting and thus set the correct countermeasures.

Judge others to improve themselves. Learning the advantages of others is a valuable quality of Qin Jiwei. When he was a company commander, he understood an important truth from Xu Qianqian, that is, the greatest love for soldiers is to improve the military skills of soldiers and let them reduce casualties on the battlefield. When he was the commander of the column and the commander of the army, he always kept in mind the earnest teachings of Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping. Liu Bocheng's military "five elements" theory on "tasks, enemy situations, our feelings, terrain, and time, as well as Deng Xiaoping's military thinking on "planning campaign deployment from the overall strategic situation," were all flexibly applied and handy. In his many exchanges with Zhou Enlai and Chen Yi, he deeply admired Zhou Enlai's upbringing and demeanor as a famous politician, and was deeply impressed by Chen Yihao's frank, humorous and dashing style of dealing with people. All of this, he carefully observed, carefully understood, and learned to use for himself. He also infused the army with the idea of learning from each other's strong points and complementing each other's weaknesses, and learned from whomever he saw was good. When the Ninth Column was first established, he called on the troops to learn from the Third Column and the Fourth Column; when the army was reorganized in a new style, he sent people to study with the Chen Tang Corps in Huaye; he went south to Guangdong to learn from the work experience of the masses in Siye, and all kinds of detailed contents were included in the scope of study; before the Departure of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, he proposed to learn from the troops who had entered the DPRK in the early stage. It was under the guidance of Qin Jiwei's eagerness to learn and advance that the 15th Army grew from small to large and from weak to strong, and gradually grew into a strong army capable of recruiting good soldiers.

Good work summary to start a new voyage. Qin Jiwei had a good habit of organizing his troops to conscientiously sum up lessons and lessons after each stage of fighting and work, and this enabled him to rapidly improve his ideological and theoretical level. In December 1942, based on his personal experience and on the basis of mastering a large number of first-hand materials, he wrote an article entitled "Characteristics of Local Armed Forces", which systematically expounded the characteristics of local armed forces such as mass and locality, comprehensiveness and complexity, dispersion and extensiveness. The article was soon published in the Eighth Route Army's "Military and Political Magazine" and was unanimously praised by officers and men at all levels. When reorganizing the army in western Henan, he made a report entitled "Basic Summary and Future Tasks of the One-Year Southern Expedition to The Founding of the Army," comprehensively reviewing the experiences and lessons learned in combat and army building since the establishment of the Ninth Column, and pointing out the direction for the development and construction of the troops. After the Battle of crossing the River, he deeply analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of operational command, summarized the military command key points of "knowing oneself and knowing the other, knowing the heavens and the earth", and provided guidance for the next stage of military command. After the Battle of Shangganling, he profoundly expounded on the particularity of the campaign and the basic experience of winning victories. In particular, he seized the opportunity to study at the Nanjing Military Academy twice, made up for military theory, and worked hard to sublimate practical experience into rational cognition. At this point, he completed the transformation from a military commander to a military expert.

Source: Learning Times