In the famous Shangganling Campaign to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the heroic Chinese Volunteer Army resisted countless crazy attacks by the enemy with its flesh and blood, creating a miracle in the modern military history of the world, and it was General Qin Jiwei who commanded and led the warriors to the final victory.
Qin Jiwei, born in 1914 in Qinluozhuang, Qiliping Town, Hong'an County, participated in the Jute Uprising in 1927. In 1929, he joined the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, joined the Communist Party of China the following year, and participated in the anti-"encirclement and suppression" in the Eyu-Anhui Soviet Region, the anti-"siege" in the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Region, and the Long March. Later, he served as commander and deputy brigade commander of the guerrilla detachment of the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army, commander of the First Military Subdistrict of the Jinji-Hebei Yu Military Region and the Taihang Military Region, commander of the Taihang Military Region, commander of the column of the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Military Region, and commander of the 15th Army of the Second Field Army. After the founding of New China, he successively served as the commander of the three major military regions of Kunming, Chengdu and Beijing. In 1955, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant general and was awarded the Order of August 1, Second Class, the Order of Independence and Freedom, First Class, and the Liberation Medal, First Class. He served as Minister of Defence in the 1980s and was awarded the rank of General in 1988. He died in Beijing on February 2, 1997.
Qin Jiwei has experienced hundreds of battles and has made outstanding achievements, and is known as a "divine general". He crossed the Yellow River forcibly, advanced into the Central Plains, drank the Yangtze River, swung south China, crossed the Yalu River, and then moved southwest of the border. During his military career, Qin Jiwei was diligent and studious, skillful and decisive, and able to fight well; it was precisely his distinctive personality and outstanding military talent that made him a shining star in the history of China's revolutionary war.
Because Qin Jiwei was not literate in his childhood, after participating in the revolution, he deeply felt that if there was no culture, only by virtue of the courage of the puppeteer, sooner or later he would be eliminated by the times. Since then, Qin Jiwei has worked hard to learn, from not knowing a few big characters to not quitting pen cultivation, asking questions when he has questions, checking words if he does not know them, and practicing without speaking. Beginning in 1937, he kept a daily diary. Every battle, he will carefully sort out and record the experience summary. In the rain of bullets and gunfire, the diary became his closest companion on the battlefield.
During the Battle of Huaihai, Qin Jiwei captured a copy of Sun Tzu's Art of War on the battlefield, and he took advantage of the gap between battles to read it three times. The first time to recognize the new words, the second time to understand the meaning, the third time to understand the way. His studiousness and thoughtfulness, coupled with his interest in new things, laid a solid foundation for him to form a unique style in leading soldiers to fight.
In the battle against Xiaozhangzhuang in the Huaihai Campaign, in the face of the enemy's superiority in firepower and the unconcealed plain battlefield, Qin Jiwei organized his troops to carry out large-scale close-in operations, using communication ditches to approach the enemy, and creating new tactical experience in attacking the enemy who built a fortress on the plain. At the beginning of the operation, the enemy held air supremacy and often bombed at low altitudes, posing a serious threat to the march of the troops. Qin Jiwei creatively applied the idea of active defense, based on existing equipment, set a precedent for infantry to strike aircraft, and achieved gratifying results, so that US aircraft no longer dared to fly at ultra-low altitude. When undertaking defensive combat tasks in the Korean battlefield, Qin Jiwei drew on the experience of friendly and neighboring units, stressed the construction of a tunnel-style defense system, and guided the troops to explore advanced construction methods such as "striking oblique eyes, water holes, and hollow charge explosion methods" and "deep eye attack, less charge, tight filling, mass artillery, and rapid smoke exhaust," which played an extremely important role in the Shangganling Campaign.
Qin Jiwei fought many big battles, hard battles, and vicious battles in his life, and he once said with emotion: "The Battle of Shangganling was the most brutal battle in my life. "The situation of this campaign is changing rapidly, the battlefield is full of twists and turns, and the war is confusing, which is a very severe test for the commander's ability to make decisions. On October 14, 1952, the battle began, and Van Vleet, commander of the US Eighth Army, ordered a fierce attack on the 597.9 and 537.7 highlands of Ganling in the direction of the Five Holy Mountains. From the topographic point of view, the Five Holy Mountains are steep and difficult to defend, while the Western Mountains are adjacent to the flat Pingkang Valley, which is easy to attack and difficult to defend. From a common sense point of view, the enemy's key offensive direction should be the western mountains that are easy to attack and difficult to defend. Amid the rumbling of the enemy's artillery fire, Qin Jiwei pondered repeatedly, and after much thought, he saw through the opponent's plot in one fell swoop: "If we use the Western Mountain troops because of the tight war in Shangganling, Van Vliet is very likely to return to the horse and shoot us, hitting us from the east and the west." So he made up his mind: No matter how fiercely Shangganling fought, the Forty-fourth Division must be nailed to the Western Mountains! This decision was crucial to the victory of the campaign. As the battle for positions unfolded, Qin Jiwei made bold decisions in accordance with the situation of the enemy and us and adjusted his tactics in a timely manner. In the bloody battle of Shangganling, 16 of the 27 companies of the 15th Army were rebuilt three times. Qin Jiwei vowed to Zheng Zheng: "For the sake of the motherland and for the sake of overall victory, the 15th Army will not hesitate to fight out!" "Firm conviction and correct tactical command enabled the Shangganling Campaign to achieve a comprehensive victory.
When Chairman Mao Zedong received Qin Jiwei, he praised the Battle of Shangganling as a miracle, and he smiled and said: "It proves that the bones of Chinese soldiers are harder than the steel of the United States of America!" Qin Jiwei and the 15th Army he led became famous in this battle.
Good generals of ancient and modern times, go on horseback to win battles, and get off horse to study diligently. Behind the victory of the battle is inseparable from books, inseparable from the "arming above the neck". It is precisely because of his tireless spirit of study and his ability to summarize and innovate that one battle after another has been brought to victory, and it is precisely under his leadership of studious progress that the 15th Army has grown from small to large, from weak to strong, and gradually grown into a strong brigade capable of recruiting good fighters, and qiu Shaoyun, Huang Jiguang and other well-known heroes at home and abroad have emerged. These heroes are the pride of the 15th Army of the Volunteer Army and the pride of the People's Army.
From an unknown ordinary soldier to a well-known general of the Republic, General Qin Jiwei's life was a life of magnificent waves, ups and downs, full of legends, a life of liver and guts, blood and blood, and selfless dedication. He is loyal to the party, courageous and resourceful, can sing and cry, and his spiritual realm and personality are an example for contemporary revolutionary soldiers to learn from and a mirror of the times for practicing the goal of strengthening the army. He is a hero of the people and a model for the people, and his spirit inspires people to forge ahead courageously on the new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country.
Hats off to General Qin!
Source: The most red An, the diligent study of "Red An Echo" 丨 Diligent and studious General Qin Jiwei
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