On October 7, 1934, in front of the Provisional Party Central Committee at Ruijin Shazhouba, a beggar-like man, carrying a tattered bag, staggered over and said to the guards, "I want to see Zhou Enlai and Li Kenong!"
The guard saw that his clothes were torn into strands, his head was like grass, his face was swollen badly, his teeth had fallen out several times, and his body was emitting a foul smell, so he couldn't figure out what he was coming from, so he clenched the gun in his hand and asked--Who are you? Why should I see our chief?
Someone said that my name was Xiang Younian, my public identity was that I was the confidential secretary of the Fourth Security Command of Jiangxi Province, and I was a secret Communist Party member.
The guards hurried in to make a report, and as soon as Li Kenong heard the three words "Xiang and Nian," he immediately jumped up from his chair and rushed out the door.
However, when Li Kenong saw the "beggar" at the door, he couldn't help but be stunned, is it "Xiang and Nian"? How did it come to this? I didn't recognize it at all.
When the visitor saw Li Kenong, he excitedly greeted him and shouted--Comrade Kenon, I can see you!
This familiar voice made Li Kenong hear that it was indeed the old subordinate Xiang and Nian, and immediately grabbed his hand with excitement and said--Old Xiang, it is really you! How did you become like this!
The two clasped their hands and burst into tears.
Xiang and Nian restrained their emotions and whispered - I have important information!
Li Kenong nodded, quickly led Xiang Younian into the door, and came directly to see Zhou Enlai.
When Zhou Enlai saw this old subordinate in the form of a beggar, he was also very shocked and wept with heartache.
Xiang Younian trembled and took out a four-corner number dictionary from his broken bag, handed it to Zhou Enlai, and said- "100,000 fires!"
Li Kenong
Fast back a month earlier, in late September 1934, Chiang Kai-shek secretly convened a military conference in Lushan to readjust the deployment of troops on the basis of the fifth encirclement and suppression campaign, and under the planning of his German adviser, General Hans von Seckert, he formulated an iron barrel plan for the complete annihilation of the Central Red Army.
The plan was to assemble 1.5 million troops, 270 aircraft and 200 cannons, and attack in separate attacks and encircle the iron walls. Chiang Kai-shek took Ruijin as his goal and envisioned having the various units carry out a centripetal attack from all sides, advancing step by step, forming a large encirclement at a distance of about 150 kilometers from Ruijin.
Then, instead of rushing to attack, he only attacked five kilometers a day, stopped attacking, began to build fortifications, and then tightly equipped with firepower to resist the onslaught of the Red Army. Then, another five kilometers ahead, and then the fortifications were repaired. In this way, the encirclement is gradually compressed.
At the same time, it was necessary to build 30 barbed wire fences and fire blockade lines around Ruijin, cut off all traffic, and block all information and material exchanges of the Red Army.
Finally, the main force of the Red Army was pressed to a narrow area for a decisive battle.
In order to prevent the Red Army from breaking through, it was also planned to equip 1,000 military trucks to quickly transport troops and carry out mobile interceptions in order to completely annihilate the Red Army in the Central Soviet Zone within a month.
I have to say that this "iron barrel plan" is very sinister, like putting a rope on the neck of a person, tightening the strangulation little by little!
In order to conceal the operational attempt, Chiang Kai-shek used the vanguard of 12 divisions to seize the territory around the Soviet zone and confuse the Red Army before the great encirclement was completed.
The failure of the first four "suppression of the Communists" made Chiang Kai-shek have great expectations for the "iron barrel plan" he formulated this time, and he said very confidently at the military conference that the great cause of suppressing the Communists would be accomplished in this campaign.
In Chiang Kai-shek's eyes, he seemed to see the disappearance of the red mark on the map of China.
Chiang Kai-shek
This "iron barrel plan" was a huge plan, including the Kuomintang army's general mobilization order for suppressing bandits, the sequence of battles of various units, the deployment of troops, the offensive route, the time schedule of operations, and the operational charts, as well as Chiang Kai-shek's "suppression of bandits" code, and so on.
Due to the large number of plans, all the documents add up to a few pounds.
To prevent leaks, each document is marked with the words "Top Secret" and numbered. All officials must sign and receive documents according to the recipient's number, and the confidentiality measures are very strict.
Chiang Kai-shek could never have imagined that on the night after the meeting, the "iron barrel plan" that he had put into great expectations fell into the hands of the Communist Party, and he did not spend the night, which can be called a "secret leak."
The Red Army was able to escape the disastrous encirclement and suppression thanks to a personnel arrangement that Chiang Kai-shek had just made earlier. That is really the blessing of the Red Army and the Chinese revolution!
Before the military conference, Chiang Kai-shek deliberately arranged for Mo Xiong, commissioner of the Kuomintang's Ganbei Fourth Bureau and commander of security, to attend the meeting at Lushan, and it was mo Xiong, who was temporarily invited to attend the meeting, who risked his life to "leak" the top-secret documents in seconds.
Mo Xiong, a native of Yingde County, Guangdong Province, graduated from the Army Lecture Hall in his early years and participated in the famous Huanghuagang Uprising, defending the country and seeking Yuan, fighting Against Chen Jiongming, and the Northern Expedition. This is a man with a great sense of justice, and everyone around him respects him as "Big Brother Mo".
However, Mo Xiong was not a member of Chiang Kai-shek's "circle", so after the end of the Northern Expedition, Mo Xiong was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek with the false title of "Major General Senator", and his troops were disarmed and dismissed.
Mo Xiong, who had been stripped of military power, was extremely disappointed in Chiang Kai-shek, and in that chaotic era, he twice cooperated with Zhang Fakui against Chiang Kai-shek.
Mo Xiong
In 1930, Mo Xiong, through Song Ziwen, made an idle appointment at the Ministry of Finance, and when he went to Shanghai, he met Liu Dumb Buddha, director of the political department of the troops led by the former institute.
Liu Dumb Buddha was a member of the Communist Party, and his encounter with an old acquaintance made Mo Xiong open another door. The questions about China's destiny and future have been answered here in the Chinese Communist Party.
Through Liu Yafo, Mo Xiong became acquainted with Xiang Younian, a member of the Communist Party of China, and then established contacts with Zhou Enlai and Li Kenong through Xiang Henian and began to work for the Communist Party.
Mo Xiong, who longed for light, proposed to join the Chinese Communist Party several times, but after Zhou Enlai weighed it up, he asked him to stay outside the party for the time being in order to carry out intelligence work more effectively.
In January 1934, Mo Xiong was invited by Xue Yue, commander-in-chief of the Kuomintang Second Route Army, to work in Nanchang, and was recommended by his former friend Yang Yongtai, then chiang kai-shek's attendant secretary general, to serve as the commissioner and security commander of the Kuomintang's Ganbei Fourth Bureau.
Before taking office, Mo Xiong rushed back to Shanghai to conduct secret consultations with the underground party of the Communist Party of China, and decided to arrange more than ten underground party members such as Xiang Henian to hold important positions at his side.
Therefore, Xiang Younian came to Mo Xiong's security headquarters in the De'an area and served as a secret liaison between Mo Xiong and the underground party of the Ccp, using the pseudonym "Liang Mingde", and his public identity was that of the confidential secretary of the security command.
Item with year
In order to cooperate with Mo Xiong's cover, the Red Army guerrillas and the Soviet government specially reduced their guerrilla activities in the De'an area, pretending to be unable to encircle and suppress them, and gradually retreated.
The chairman of the Kuomintang Province of Jiangxi Province, seeing that Mo Xiong had won many victorious battles against the Red Army, specially commended the De'an Special District for "being able to suppress the Communists and be the first in the province" and awarded the De'an area the "Model District."
Chiang Kai-shek was extremely happy to know this, and he was impressed by this person who had been suppressed in the past, and he also specially sent an order to commend him. Moreover, Chiang Kai-shek saw that Mo Xiong was so capable of being "anti-communist" and that there should be no problem with his identity, so he made a decision that would make him "repent of his intestines" -- he instructed Mo Xiong to go to Lushan mountain and attend the high-level military conference in Muling, which was specially arranged for the deployment of the "Iron Barrel Project."
As soon as the Lushan military conference ended, Mo Xiong returned to the security headquarters with a full set of "iron barrel plans".
Looking at this "iron barrel plan" of strangling the Red Army, Mo Xiong's back spine was chilling, and after thinking for a moment, Mo Xiong made up his mind and called out Xiang Younian, a liaison officer of the CPC and confidential secretary of the Security Command.
At the sight of Xiang and Nian, Mo Xiong anxiously stated to Xiang Henian the outline of this "iron barrel plan".
Xiang Younian also inhaled a cool breath and said- This time Old Jiang is a bloody person!
Mo Xiong said--you hurry up and make a copy of this document and hand it over to your superiors, you must not delay!
Xiang Younian took this top-secret information and said to Mo Xiong- "Big Brother Mo, thank you!" This information is too important! On behalf of the Communist Party, I thank you! The Red Army will not forget you!
When Xiang Younian returned to his residence, he immediately found underground party members Liu Dumb Buddha and Lu Zhiying, and the three of them secretly wrote down the key points of the enemy's troop deployment, firepower allocation, attack plan, and command organization setup on the intelligence overnight, one by one, in a four-corner number dictionary. I worked until it was dark, and then I finished writing the entire "Iron Barrel Project".
After the information is copied, who will send it?
After much deliberation, Xiang Younian decided to personally send information, because only of the three of them could speak Hakka, and when they passed the checkpoint, it was not easy to be interrogated.
Then, they analyzed the enemy situation along the way, and chose a relatively safe and fast route to the Soviet area - from Nanchang to Ji'an, into Taihe, and then from the mountains to Xingguo and Yudu to Ruijin.
Without further ado, after the plan was determined, Xiang and Nian disguised themselves as Mr. Teaching, took the four-corner number dictionary and some books, and set off quickly.
Born in 1894 in Liancheng County, Fujian Province, Xiang Younian was an experienced underground Communist Party member who was not confused when he carried out this special task.
At first, it was relatively smooth, and Mr. Xiang and Nian's teaching style was not very eye-catching, and he arrived in Ji'an from Nanchang as planned. However, since entering the Taihe Mountains, Xiang Henian found that the enemy's guard was far tighter than he thought.
Every village on the forward route was inhabited by Chiang Kai-shek's encirclement and suppression troops. All roads leading to the Soviet zone were tightly sealed.
On the road, there are three steps and one post, five steps and one sentry, and all pedestrians are searched. Arrest suspicious persons as soon as they are discovered.
Xiang Younian felt that "Mr. Teaching" was no longer safe, and did not dare to take the Ming Road again, so he had to sleep through the mountains and forests. When the dry food he had brought with him was finished, he picked wild fruits to fill his hunger. In this way, Xiang Younian trekked in the mountains and forests for many days, becoming bearded and skinny.
However, when he arrived at Xingguo with difficulty, he found that the atmosphere of warfare here was thicker and the blockade was even tighter. Almost every village had bunkers, and there were Nationalist sentries at every hill junction. As soon as a young adult approached, they were immediately taken away as red bandit detectives, which was basically forbidden.
Xiang and Nian observed from a distance, did not dare to rush over the card, had to return to the mountains to seek opportunities.
However, the military situation is urgent!
One point slower he will increase the danger of the Party and the Red Army by one point! The impatient Xiang and Nian were anxious like ants on a hot pot on the mountain.
Kuomintang Army
He thought about it and finally came up with a solution. With a straight heart, he grabbed a stone from the ground, slammed it into his mouth, and knocked down four front teeth in a row.
The next day, his face was swollen high, his whole face was deformed, full of open teeth, his face was vicious, plus these days he had been sleeping in the mountains and forests like wild people, his clothes were already tattered, his hair was like a pile of rotten grass, and his body was full of stench, and he was already a completely annoying old man named Hanako.
Xiang Younian endured the pain, hid the secret writing dictionary in a bag full of filth, on which was placed the begging food, and went down the mountain barefoot.
When the Kuomintang sentries along the way saw him, they covered their noses and drove him away. In this way, Xiang Andnian finally mixed with the enemy's checkpoints, arrived in Ruijin on October 7, and found the provisional central committee of the party at Shazhouba.
When Zhou Enlai and Li Kenong took over the top-secret information of Xiang and Nian, they looked at the old man Hanako who was already standing in front of him, who could take care of the stench and filth on his body, and hugged him tightly!
Subsequently, Zhou Enlai ordered the Operational Intelligence Department of the Red Army to immediately restore the secret writing dictionary into words and charts.
When the "Iron Barrel Plan" was fully displayed in front of Li De, Bogu, and Zhou Enlai, the "Three-Man Regiment" was shocked and immediately realized that the Central Red Army must immediately take drastic measures and cannot delay for a moment!
At this time, the Central Military Commission again received a battle report from the front -- the enemy army had attacked the xingguo, Yudu, Shicheng, Changting, and Huichang fronts, the strategic area of the Red Army, Gulonggang, had been completely occupied by the enemy, and only five counties remained in the entire Central Soviet Region: Ruijin, Yudu, Changting, Ningdu, and Huichang, and the Red Army was in frequent emergencies in all aspects.
Reed
The situation shows that the enemy's "iron barrel plan" is being implemented step by step. Only then did Li De wake up--the fortress warfare and position warfare that he had repeatedly insisted on were simply helping Chiang Kai-shek complete the "Iron Barrel Plan"!
The situation is grim, and we must quickly jump out of the enemy's encirclement before the enemy's iron barrel is closed, otherwise the consequences will be unimaginable!
Before that, the Provisional Central Committee was not unprepared, and they realized that it was no longer possible to break the enemy's encirclement and suppression on the inside line under the unfavorable circumstances of the war. To this end, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission once ordered the Red Seventh Army, the Red Sixth Army, and the Red Twenty-fifth Army to march north to the west first, that is, the Red Army units that first began the Long March, to prepare for the strategic transfer of the Red Army.
Seeing the "Iron Barrel Plan" now, the Provisional Central Committee felt that the last chance of winning the Soviet zone did not exist.
100,000 people were in a hurry, and the provisional central government hastily made a decision to issue an operational order for strategic transfer in the name of the Central Military Commission.
On October 8, the local troops of the Red Army were ordered to take over the main defensive forces of the counties and assemble in the Xingguo, Yudu, and Ruijin areas.
On October 11, the General Headquarters of the Red Army and its direct subordinate units were organized into the First Field Column, the central organ was the Second Field Column, and a central sub-bureau headed by Xiang Ying and Chen Yi was established to lead the local troops to stay and persist in guerrilla warfare.
Zhou Enlai also took advantage of the internal contradictions of the Kuomintang and reached a secret loan agreement with the Kuomintang general Chen Jitang.
Chen Jitang
From October 16 to 18, the main force of the Central Red Army, 86,000 people, who were urgently assembled in the territory of Yudu, crossed the Yudu River from four ferry ports, launched a breakthrough campaign on October 21, and embarked on the road of the Western Expedition, which was later the Long March!
On the tenth day after the Central Red Army broke through, the enemy troops advancing according to the "Iron Barrel Plan" successively occupied Ningdu, Changting, Huichang and other places, and when they approached Ruijin City, they learned that the main force of the Red Army had already shifted.
At that time, Chiang Kai-shek was hospitalized in the Peking Union Hospital, waiting for the good news that the Entire Red Army had been wiped out, but he did not expect to come to the report that "the main force of the Red Army has run away."
Chiang Kai-shek was furious and thunderous, shouting "Niang Xipi." Chiang Kai-shek knew that it must be an "internal ghost" who was causing trouble, and he could not even wear false teeth, so he immediately rushed back to Nanchang to investigate the matter.
But looking it up, there was no result. Until he fled to Taiwan, he did not know who had provided intelligence to the Communists.
Because the top-secret information of that year was known only to a very small number of people in the Provisional Central Committee, and the strategic transfer was very hasty and hasty, even Mao Zedong and many other leaders were not clear in advance, resulting in the fact that later party history documents rarely mentioned this matter, and it was not declassified until many years later.
Later, Mao Zedong still learned about this matter and praised it - the merit of this four-corner number intelligence is huge! After liberation, Mao Zedong also specially instructed Ye Jianying, who had traveled south to Guangdong, to find Mo Xiong and arrange his work.
Mo Xiong and Xiang took a group photo with Nian
On National Day 1956, General Li Kelong, deputy chief of general staff of the People's Liberation Army, entrusted Xiang Younian to bring Mo Xiong to Beijing to attend the National Day ceremony, and Marshal Ye Jianying, on behalf of the Party Central Committee, hosted a banquet to entertain the two meritorious men and praised them for their tremendous contributions to the revolutionary cause.
Mo Xiong, "Big Brother Mo", who risked "leaking" top-secret documents in seconds, narrowly escaped Chiang Kai-shek's investigation and was transferred to Guizhou Bijie Commissioner and Security Commander in 1935.
Later, because he helped the Red Army's He Longbu safely pass through the jurisdiction, he was thrown into prison by Chiang Kai-shek on the charge of "communism", and after being released from prison on bail, he was changed to the governor of Nanxiong County, Guangdong.
In his position as the governor of Nanxiong County, "Big Brother Mo" released nearly a hundred Communist Party members imprisoned in the county. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he served as the commander of the Second Advancing Column of the Seventh Theater and the commissioner of Shaoguan. After liberation, he served as vice chairman of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and member of the Central Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, and died of illness in February 1980 at the age of 89.
After Xiang Andian sent the intelligence, he stayed behind and followed Zhou Enlai on the Long March. On the way, he was sent by Zhou Enlai to Hong Kong and Shanghai to continue his intelligence work.
In 1938, Xiang Younian returned to Yan'an from Shanghai and served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Trilateral Prefectural Committee, the Guanzhong Prefectural Committee, and the Suide Prefectural Committee and the Director of the United Front Work Department, and during the Liberation War, he moved to the northeast and successively served as director of the Construction Department of Songjiang Province, deputy director of the Supervision Department of the Industrial Department of Liaoning Province, and member of the Liaoning Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He died in October 1978 at the age of 84.
Chiang Kai-shek's temporary arrangement of Mo Xiong to attend the meeting seemed like an accidental event, and at that time there was an inevitable law in it. Chiang Kai-shek ran counter to the people's expectations, and the people around him were alienated from him, and there were few times when he was able to keep secrets and not leak them. Therefore, the Kuomintang reactionaries are doomed to failure.
The Red Army seems to be lucky, but in fact it is inevitable, and it is the communist party's consistent doctrine and revolutionary spirit that is doomed to victory!