Genghis Khan's life has always been controversial in the field of historiography, and some people believe that he was a brilliant ruler, who created a huge empire, expanded its territory unprecedentedly, and promoted the exchange of civilizations between the East and the West, and made great contributions. But there are also people who think that he is a butcher who brought war, and there are many arguments about whether Genghis Khan is Chinese. Even Mr. Lu Xun believes: "I heard that the conquest of Europe by Genghis Khan of 'ours' was the most ambitious era of 'ours'. When I was twenty-five years old, I learned that the so-called "we" of the most arrogant era was actually the Mongols conquering China, and we became slaves. ”
Genghis Khan's conquest was not smooth sailing, during which he encountered several setbacks, and there was a small country that made him even more resentful, and left a last word before his death that his successors must eliminate it, and this country was Western Xia. Why did Genghis Khan have to exterminate this country? Western Xia was the political power in the northwest region during the Song and Liao dynasties, although the country was small, but surprisingly it continued for nearly two hundred years, and was not destroyed by the Song Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty, and the Liao Dynasty, which had a lot to do with its good checks and balances and perfect control of the country's diplomatic relations, but after Genghis Khan unified the desert north, the Western Xia became his primary target.
In 1205, a year before the founding of the Mongol Empire, Genghis Khan had sent troops, because of insufficient preparation in advance, military operations failed, after the establishment of the Mongol Empire, in 1207, Genghis Khan again sent troops to invade the south, when the Western Xia in order to resist the Mongols, and the Jin alliance, Genghis Khan immediately took the way of first weak and then strong, one by one, good words to appease the Jin Dynasty, break the Western Xia Wulahai City and return, Xia Xiangzong asked for help from Jin, Jin sat idly, Western Xia was angry, simply surrendered to Mongolia, and attached to it to attack the Jin Dynasty.
By 1226, because of the long war with the allies of the Jin Dynasty, the Western Xia's national strength was greatly damaged, and they also realized that they could not continue like this, so they took advantage of the opportunity of Genghis Khan's expedition to the Flower Thorn Model Country, and the Jin Dynasty reached a joint alliance and betrayed the covenant, which also led to Genghis Khan's most dependent general Mu Huali because he was caught off guard by the japanese conquest, and finally died of excessive fatigue and hatred in the army, and the capriciousness of the Western Xia people also made Genghis Khan very angry, at this time he was already 64 years old. However, he still insisted on pro-conquest of Western Xia. In August of the same year, Genghis Khan led an army through Shatuo, two roads, conquered the important town of Xiazhou in Western Xia, the main force surrounded Lingzhou, the two sides fought a decisive battle near the frozen Yellow River, the result of the Western Xia army suffered a big loss, a large area fell, only the main city of Zhongxing Province, in 1227, at the end of the summer, the emperor decided to send emissaries to surrender after being besieged for half a year in Zhongxing Province.
However, at this time, Genghis Khan, because of the hunting in the middle of the wounded, high fever, still refused to retreat, in the Liupan Mountain cultivation, he finally died, the dying he still left three wills, the first is to use the Song Jin world vendetta, even Song extinguished the gold, and the second is about the inheritance of the son, asking them to unite, as for the third, is about the Western Xia, Genghis Khan ordered, wait until he died, block the news, temporarily do not send a burial. The successor to the Khan's throne must destroy the Western Xia state. When the Western Xia monarchs left the city and surrendered, they were annihilated, and the Tang Wu people (the Mongolian name for the Western Xia people) were to be sacrificed to his death, from his parents and his descendants.
In August 1227, at the end of the Western Xia Dynasty, Emperor Li Wei came to the tent of the Great Khan as promised, but Li Wei was killed according to his will, and the Mongol army also plundered many places in Western Xia, and the Great Khan of Wokoutai was exterminated according to Genghis Khan's will. Western Xia has since withdrawn from the stage of history.