In the Northern Shaanxi Soviet Region in 1936, when the blazing sun scorched the yellow soil of the Northern Shaanxi Plateau, a slender, high-nosed and wide-eyed foreign journalist braved the scorching sun and hurried towards an earthen cave not far away.
Before he could reach the door, Mao Zedong, dressed in a gray cloth military uniform and wearing a five-pointed red star hat, greeted him, and he clasped the foreign reporter's hand tightly and said, "Mr. Snow, it's hard work, please come in!" ”
Mr. Snow was somewhat flattered by Mao's enthusiasm, and Mr. Snow followed Mao into the cave while looking at the supreme leader of the CCP next to him. Subsequently, Mao poured a glass of water for Snow, and the two sat on the kangtou of the earthen cave and began the interview.
In the face of Snow, Mao Zedong talked about many things in the past, and also mentioned his mentor and father-in-law Yang Changji. Mao Zedong said emotionally: "I was deeply impressed by my teacher Yang Changji, who returned from studying in England and taught ethics, was a typical idealist, and at the same time, he was also a person with high morals. ”
Speaking of this, Mao Zedong took a sip of water from the teapot next to him, paused before saying: "I have a close connection with his life, Mr. Yang has always encouraged us to be a fair and upright person who is beneficial to society, at that time I was also an idealist, I wrote an article called "The Power of the Heart", and I got a hundred points from Mr. Yang. ”
Yang Changji, not only Mao Zedong's teacher, but also Mao Zedong's Bole and father-in-law, Yang Changji admired and attached great importance to Mao Zedong, and once dragged a sick body to write a letter of introduction to Mao Zedong before his death, and vigorously praised Mao Zedong as a "talent in the sea" who could save the country.
However, when Mao Zedong was a student of Yang Changji, he had the idea of dropping out of school, and after learning of Mao Zedong's ideas, Yang Changji did not say a sentence "Ringing drums without a heavy hammer", what is the deep meaning of Mr. Yang's words?
Pictured| Yang Changji
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="10" > First encounter with Mao Zedong</h1>
After the Dragon Boat Festival in 1915, the ancient city of Changsha was rolling with heat and cicadas, and in the self-study room of the Hunan Provincial First Normal School, 22-year-old Mao Zedong sat alone in the classroom to study, and the hot weather did not affect his enthusiasm for learning.
He sat down at his desk, opened a copy of the "Ming Shame Chapter", read it carefully, and when he saw half of the book, he suddenly slapped the table angrily and scolded: "The 21 articles of losing power and humiliating the country are really shameful, shameful!" ”
After saying this, Mao Zedong picked up a pen, turned the book to the first page, and found a blank space to write the book: "On May 7, the Republic of China was humiliated. How to take revenge? In my students! ”
After writing these four lines, mao zedong still could not erase the anger in his heart, and he looked at the students coming and going outside the window and sighed a long sigh.
"A good hand lan pavilion body, a good cavity of righteousness!"
Suddenly, behind him came the admiration of others, Mao Zedong was startled, he hurriedly looked back, only to see a gentleman with a clear face and a long body standing at his desk, holding the book of "Ming Shame", looking at Mao Zedong with a smile and groaning.
Mao Zedong, who had returned to his senses, quickly bowed his head and said, "Hello Mr. Yang! ”
This gentleman who did not hesitate to praise himself was Mao Zedong's mentor and father-in-law Yang Changji, who after studying abroad, rejected the "olive branch" thrown by high-ranking political officials, determined to "educate and save the country", and was hired by the Hunan First Division to teach ethics, philosophy and other courses in the school.
This was the first time Yang Changji saw Mao Zedong, when Yang Changji had just finished class, when he passed the self-study room, he saw Mao Zedong sitting alone in the large classroom reading a book, so he walked in curiously to understand, and as a result, Mao Zedong was too focused on reading and never noticed Yang Changji coming in.
The | a photo of Mao Zedong during his studies at the First Division in Hunan
Yang Changji looked at the humble and respectful young man in front of him, patted Mao Zedong's shoulder kindly, and asked, "What books do you still read on weekdays, can you show me?" ”
Hearing mr. Mao say this, Mao Zedong hurriedly lowered his body, quickly found a copy of the "History of Western Ethics" and handed it to mr. Mao, and then took out a notebook from his desk for him to consult.
After Yang Changji saw the notebook that Mao Zedong took out, he put down the "History of Western Ethics" in his hand, picked up Mao Zedong's notebook with great interest and read it, but he did not expect that the notebook was full of copied "Leaving Sorrow" and "Nine Chapters", and the font was thin and beautiful, and it was very neat.
After half a day, Yang Changji put down his notebook and asked kindly, "What is your name and how old are you this year?" ”
Mao Zedong nodded and respectfully replied, "Student Mao Zedong, Zi Runzhi, is 22 years old this year." ”
After hearing Mao Zedong's name, Yang Changji suddenly picked up his eyebrows, thinking in his heart that this was the Mao Zedong, just yang Changji still had a "case" in his hand to find Mao Zedong, he continued: "I am not young, but I don't understand things, why don't you take a picture class?" ”
Mao Zedong was shocked in his heart, how could Mr. Yang Changji also know about this matter?
The cause of the incident was yesterday's eighth class of drawing class, and more than forty students in the class sat at their desks and listened to the teacher's lectures. On the blackboard were two white sheets of paper with pencil sketches of teapots and teacups, and the teacher explained the pictures for about ten minutes before letting the students create.
The classroom was instantly quiet, the students all took pencils and copied the teacher's demonstration drawings, except for Mao Zedong, who sat in the fourth row of seats in the middle, motionless, holding his head out of his mind, until the end of the class, the other students began to turn in their homework, Mao Zedong waved a large brush, hurriedly drew two strokes on the paper, put it on the podium, and then took the book and flew away.
The teacher on the podium took a look at Mao Zedong's painting, and his blood pressure came up instantly, and the other students were drawing teapots or teacups, except that he drew a semicircle, next to which Li Bai's poem "Half the wall sees the sea and the sun."
After the picture class teacher returned to the office, he took out this picture of Mao Ze and "complained" with the teachers around him, including Yang Changji, who looked at Mao Zedong's "half of the wall to see the sea day" and couldn't help but laugh out, and the teachers also laughed and sighed: "This Mao Runzhi!" ”
Mao Zedong did not expect that this matter would actually reach Mr. Yang Changji's ears, and in the face of Yang Changji's questioning, Mao Zedong lowered his head in embarrassment, and Yang Changji took out his pocket watch from his robe, looked at the time, and said: "You come to my house on Sunday, let's talk, okay?" ”
Pictured| Mao Zedong
Unexpectedly, Yang Changji actually took the initiative to interview himself, and Mao Zedong said happily: "Okay, sir, I will definitely arrive!" ”
After hearing Mao Zedong's answer, Yang Changji nodded with satisfaction, and then turned and left the classroom, Mao Zedong looked at the back of Mr. Yang's departure, and could not return to his mind for a long time.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="30" > second, the drum does not use a heavy hammer</h1>
There is a Li's taro garden on Liuzheng Street in Changsha, which is very famous in the local area, people say that Li Jing and the Red Breeze Girl once lived in the Li's Taro Garden, and now the times have changed, the Li's Taro Garden has changed hands several times, but it is still prosperous, pavilions and pavilions, all available.
On this day, Mao Zedong, dressed in a blue robe, hurriedly walked through Li's Taro Garden, through a small garden with beautiful scenery, and saw a secluded independent courtyard with a wooden plank nailed to the vermilion gate, on which were written the three characters of "Bancang Yang" in a very upright manner.
Mao Zedong hurriedly stepped forward, patted the courtyard door, and then stood up straight, dressed up, and waited for the people in the courtyard to open the door for him.
Soon, the sound of walking came from the courtyard, accompanied by a "squeak", a beautiful and gentle, dignified and delicate face appeared in Mao Zedong's eyes, the girl was about fifteen or sixteen years old, the style was luxurious, dignified and generous, and the dark eyes seemed to have infinite magic, which made people unable to look away for a long time.
This little girl should be Yang Changji's beloved daughter Yang Kaihui, the milk name Xia sister, Yang Kaihui saw Mao Zedong who came early and said enthusiastically: "Are you so early?" ”
Mao Zedong nodded and asked, "Is your father at home?" ”
Yang Kaihui nodded, opened the door, bolted the door to the wall, and then led Mao Zedong toward Yang Changji's study.
Mr. Yang's study is not large, but it is very clean and orderly, one wall on the north side is almost occupied by bookshelves, the cabinet contains thick books with various words, and on the white wall on the east side hangs an imposing landscape painting, which is from the hands of famous artists, the glass window on the south side is wide open, and the cool breeze mixed with the fragrance of grass and trees blows into the house, which is very comfortable.
Pictured| Mao Zedong often walked through this wall of Li's taro garden
Mao Zedong walked into the house and carefully looked at a pair of couplets hanging on the wall, which read, "Autistic Taoyuan is called Taikoo, and wants to plant large wooden pillars for a long time.", the Hanli font is neat and powerful, the gestures are vivid, and the wind and bones are vigorous.
Mao Zedong asked, "Xiao Xia, did Mr. Yang write this couplet?" ”
Yang Kaihui, while preparing tea for Mao Zedong, replied, "You are really powerful!" You can see it at a glance! ”
"Haha, where there are students who can't recognize the word Mr., not to mention that Mr. Yang studied abroad for 10 years, after returning to China, he did not admire the high-ranking official Houlu, became a gentleman in the first division, taught us knowledge, and this couplet just expressed Mr. Yang's vow to dedicate himself to education!"
"Who's 'commenting on it' here?" As soon as Mao Zedong's voice fell, Yang Changji's voice came from outside the door, only to see Yang Changji wearing a neat long shirt, pushing open the curtain with a full smile, hearing Mao Zedong's words, Yang Changji was very satisfied, and he did not expect this student to know his ideal wishes so well.
When Mao Zedong saw that Mr. Yang was coming, he hurried to the door and said respectfully: "Mr. Yang, it is me!" ”
"Haha, sit fast, sit fast, Xiao Xia, have you poured water for the guests?"
Hearing Mr. Yang's question, Mao Zedong quickly sat down on a stool and took the tea that Yang Kaihui had just prepared, and Yang Changji then said: "This is Mao Zedong, and you will be called Brother Runzhi from now on!" ”
Yang Kaihui on the side said playfully, "We have known each other for a long time!" Looking at the daughter who was still a child's heart, Yang Changji nodded helplessly and dotingly.
After everyone sat down, Yang Changji took the lead and said: "Runzhi, I am a pure education salvationist, although education is not omnipotent, but it cannot but be said to be possible, Japan and the United States are two good examples..."
While listening to Yang Changji's speech, Mao Zedong frequently nodded his head in agreement, and said "education to save the country" for half a day, and Yang Changji pulled the topic back to the matter of drawing class.
Yang Changji said with some self-blame: "Runzhi, the things in the picture class were that I blamed you, and later I went to learn about your background and experience, I shouldn't..."
Hearing Yang Changji apologize to himself, Mao Zedong quickly stood up, walked up to his husband and said anxiously: "No, sir, this is my fault." ”
"No, Runzhi, you listened to me, I asked someone else, you once went to soap school, you wanted to engage in industry to save the country, and then you joined the New Army, you wanted to save the country by arming, right?"
After listening to His Husband's words, Mao Zedong sat back in his chair, sighed a long time, and said: "Sir, now that there is no peace in the country, how can my generation sit at the desk and quietly attend class, without hiding from you, I want to quit school!" ”
Pictured| young Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong's words surprised Yang Changji's father and daughter, and Yang Changji "teng" stood up from his chair and asked: "Why do you want to quit school?" Runzhi, I firmly disagree with your decision! ”
Mao Zedong had long expected Mr. Yang to say this, so he did not react much after hearing Mr. Yang's words. Yang Changji turned to Yang Kaihui, who was sitting next to him, and asked: "Xiao Xia, what do you say is the most important thing to prepare for doing academics and undertakings?" ”
Yang Kaihui tilted his head, thought about it for a moment, and replied, "The most important thing is to lay the foundation!" The foundation is not good, the house will collapse, but also with the help of the strength of the group, the Western Chu overlord Wujiang self-destruction, is not a good example? ”
Yang Changji nodded satisfactorily and said, "Well said, Runzhi, do you think Xiao Xia is right?" ”
Mao Zedong knew what Mr. Mao meant, but xiaoxia's reasoning was indeed impeccable, and he could only nod his head.
"Laying the foundation is very important, morality, intellect, physical beauty must be developed in an all-round way, group consciousness is also very important, Wang Anshi changed the law only by his own opinion, the result was attacked by the group, and he was undefeated?" Yang Changji combined practical examples to persuade Mao Zedong, and he went on to say: "I advocate self-study, but self-study is not to become a 'lonely person', to do learning, not only to learn, but also to 'ask questions', ask classmates, ask teachers can be helpful, but quit school, become a lonely person, and who to ask? ”
After speaking, Yang Changji turned around, looked at Yang Kaihui, and asked, "XiaoXia, is Daddy right?" ”
Yang Kaihui, who was suddenly questioned by his father, was stunned for a moment, and said with some displeasure: "Dad, how did you persuade me?" ”
When Mao Zedong on the side heard this, he immediately laughed out loud and looked at Yang Changji with embarrassment.
Seeing that Mao Zedong was like this, Yang Changji said lukewarmly: "No heavy hammer is needed to ring the drum!" ”
Yang Kaihui walked between Yang Changji and Mao Zedong and playfully asked, "Then who is the drummer?" ”
Yang Changji and Mao Zedong looked at each other and said tacitly at the same time: "In short, it does not refer to you!" ”
Mr. Yang's sentence "Ring the drum without a heavy hammer" has no other meaning, in fact, it means that Mao Zedong is a smart man, very sensible, such as such a person can understand the reason without much persuasion, Yang Changji is using this sentence to praise Mao Zedong's wisdom and understanding.
Picture | Yang Kaihui
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="40" > third, Runzhi is a "domestic talent" can save the country</h1>
One day in June 1918, Yang Changji got up early in the morning, put on new clothes and stood in front of the red paint gate of his house, waiting for the arrival of his proud protégé Mao Zedong, and soon Mao Zedong walked quickly through the stone road in the garden toward Yang Changji.
Seeing Mr. Yang waiting for him at the door, Mao Zedong strode over and said breathlessly: "Mr. Yang, I am here!" ”
Yang Changji nodded and led Mao Zedong toward the study. When the two entered the study, Yang Kaihui was tiptoeing to take the landscape painting hanging on the east wall.
Mao Zedong, who was one meter and eight meters tall, quickly stepped forward and reached out to help Yang Kaihui take it down, Yang Kaihui saw that it was Mao Zedong, and instantly blushed and said embarrassedly: "Thank you, Brother Runzhi." ”
Mao Zedong also smiled and nodded, looking at Yang Kaihui's big shining eyes, the black show sent out a god, Yang Kaihui was also embarrassed by Mao Zedong's staring, quickly turned around and ran away, poured two cups of tea, and hurriedly ran out.
Yang Changji on the side witnessed the whole process, as a person who came over, he also understood most of it in his heart, and secretly thought that Runzhi was indeed a trustworthy person, Yang Changji pulled open the stool on the side, put the books on it aside, and said to Mao Zedong: "Runzhi, come and sit down, the family is too chaotic!" ”
Mao Zedong looked at Yang Changji's chaotic study and felt a little sad in his heart, Mr. Mao was really going to Beijing this time.
Seeing Mao Zedong's expression, Yang Changji sighed: "Runzhi, I don't want you, especially you and Cai Hesen, but this time it is Mr. Cai Yuanpei's hospitality, I have to go..."
Hearing Mr. Mao's words, Mao Zedong instantly blushed and whispered, "Can't you wait for the summer vacation?" ”
Pictured| Cai and Sen
Yang Changji did not answer Mao Zedong's question, he said: "Runzhi, I suggest you go to Beijing with me!" You have a bright future, you should continue your studies, you don't have to worry about tuition fees, as long as I don't lose my job for a day, you don't have to worry about no tuition. Mr. Yang's kindness to Mao Zedong was clear, but at this moment, what he was thinking about was not his own future, but he was unwilling to be separated from Mr. Yang Changji, nor was he willing to be separated from Yang Kaihui.
But at this time, Mao Zedong did not want to go away, the Xinmin Society still had a bunch of things waiting for him to deal with, even if he went to Beijing, it was not now, Mao Zedong looked directly at Yang Changji with both eyes and said sincerely: "I can't do without Mr. Xinmin, and I can't do without the Xinmin Society!" I was one of its cells, and the day the society was founded, it was as important as my birthday! ”
Yang Changji nodded understandingly, he stepped forward, put his hand on Mao Zedong's shoulder, looked up at the student in front of him who was half a head taller than himself, and said: "Runzhi, I know your temper, in my heart, I already see you as my relative, no matter where I am, I hope you can understand my intentions..."
Hearing Mr. Yang say this, Mao Zedong's eyes were red, and he secretly clenched his fists, holding back the tears from falling, he was afraid that Mr. Yang would say that he did not come out.
In early summer, at the Xiangjiang Wharf, Mao Zedong, Cai Hesen, He Shuheng, Chen Zhangfu and other students stood by the riverside against the scorching sun, bid farewell to Mr. Yang Changji's family, and watched Yang Changji's ship gradually go away, Mao Zedong, Cai Hesen and others still stood by the river, unwilling to leave for a long time!
Two months later, Mao Zedong came to Beijing to organize preparations for a work-study trip to France, and once again met his mentor Yang Changji. On this day, Yang Kaihui was lying on the desk next to the window on the second floor of the Drum Tower of Peking University to write a letter to Mao Zedong, and suddenly there was a knock on the door and a sound of talking in the courtyard, Yang Kaihui looked down, only to see that Mao Runzhi, who he thought about day and night, was downstairs.
Photo| Peking University (old photo)
Yang Kaihui rushed downstairs, and Mao Zedong saw Yang Kaihui and asked, "What are you doing?" ”
Yang Kaihui said embarrassedly: "Write to you, I didn't expect you to come so soon!" ”
Mao Zedong smiled and said, "Originally, I also wanted to write you a letter, but when I thought about it, I simply didn't write it." ”
Yang Kaihui asked him why, and Mao Zedong smiled and said, "Because, I can run faster than the letter!" ”
Hearing these words, Yang Kaihui instantly blushed.
Just as this pair of children were exchanging heartfelt words, Yang Changji's voice suddenly came from behind them: "Runzhi, you are here!" ”
Hearing Yang Changji's voice, Mao Zedong hurriedly stepped forward and greeted his husband and master and mother.
After the conversation, it was learned that Mao Zedong came to Beijing to work and study in France, and Yang Changji originally wanted to arrange for him to go to Peking University as a student, but Mao Zedong felt that he was old and did not want to be a student anymore, and wanted to do what he could for the revolution.
In this way, Mao Zedong worked under Li Dazhao for half a year, met many like-minded Peking University students, and also got to know some "leading figures" of Peking University, including Chen Duxiu, Hu Shi and others.
The figure | the journal Xiangjiang Review
In July 1919, Mao Zedong returned to Changsha and founded the Xiangjiang Review, which vigorously propagated revolutionary ideas and ideas, and in the winter, Mao Zedong came to Beijing again, this time to drive the Zhang movement.
On this day, the snow fell particularly heavily, and the snow fell on the red wall, and Mao Zedong hurriedly ran towards the Union Hospital in a thin robe, where Mao Zedong was most concerned about, Yang Changji.
When Mao Zedong entered the ward, Yang Kaihui was sitting on the edge of the bed to accompany his father, his face was pale and haggard, seeing the thin clothes on Mao Zedong's body, Yang Kaihui picked up Yang Changji's tweed coat and draped it on Mao Zedong's body, and then walked to his father's bedside and called softly: "Daddy, Runzhi has come to see you!" ”
Hearing his daughter's voice, Yang Changji woke up slowly, opened his eyes with difficulty, and looked at Mao Zedong and smiled weakly, his mouth closed and wanted to say something, but the voice was too small to hear clearly.
Mao Zedong leaned down and pressed his ear close to Yang Changji's mouth before he heard Yang Changji's words: "Runzhi, my condition is rarely improving, and the only thing I can't rest assured of is Xiao Xia... You're not young, I hope... You get married as soon as possible..."
After saying this, Yang Changji fainted, and after that, he never woke up again...
Mao Zedong knelt in front of the body of his mentor, bowed his head, his shoulders trembling unceasingly, tears running across his face and dripping from his chin to the cold floor. In order to let Mr. Yang's soul return to his hometown, Mao Zedong traveled around, contacted Mr. Yang's former friends, and finally buried Mr. Yang in his hometown with the help of Cai Yuanpei, Zhang Shizhao, Yang Du and other social celebrities.
It was not until Yang Changji's death that Mao Zedong learned that before his death, he had dragged his seriously ill body to write a letter of introduction for himself, in which Yang Changji detailed the life and conduct of Mao Zedong and Cai Hesen, and praised Mao Zedong and Cai Hesen as "talents in the sea, with a great future, and if you don't say anything, you must first save the country." ”
This letter was sent to Zhang Shizhao, and it was precisely because of Yang Changji's introduction that Zhang Shizhao paid special attention to Mao Zedong, and later Mao Zedong came to Zhang Shizhao because of his work-study, and Zhang Shizhao used all his connections to raise 20,000 oceans without saying a word, and handed it to Mao Zedong.
For the sake of these 20,000 oceans, Mao Zedong repaid Zhang Shizhao for 10 years with interest, but this is an afterthought, not a table for the time being.
Picture | Zhang Shizhao
Mr. Yang Changji was Mao Zedong's mentor, as well as Mao Zedong's Bole and father-in-law. Mao Zedong never forgot Mr. Yang Changji's help to himself, and later in an interview with the American journalist Snow, Mao Zedong also mentioned Mr. Yang Changji, but unfortunately the deceased has passed away, but the touching teacher-student story between Mr. Yang and Mao Zedong has been passed down.