Wufeng Lin family, ancestral home of Zhangzhou, Fujian
Lin Xiantang (1881~1956), known as Chaochen, Zi Xiantang, and Guanyuan, was born in the Wufeng Lin family of the five major families in Taiwan in the late Qing Dynasty (Banqiao Lin Family, Wufeng Lin Family, Lukang Gu Family, Kaohsiung Chen Family and Keelung Yan Family).
The Lin family has a long history, its family ancestor General Lin Shi came to Taiwan from Zhangzhou, Fujian Province during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, and later became the name of the Wufeng Lin Family because of its origins in Wufeng, and became the head of the five major families in Taiwan at that time.
To Lin Shi's 3rd generation Lin Jiayin, the Taoist Dao flourished, and was divided with his son Lin Dianguo and Lin Dingbang, the former being "Dingcuo" and the latter being "Xiacuo".
Lin Xiantang
In the early stage of the development of the Lin family, it was mainly exerted by the "Xiacuo" system, mainly by force; in the later period, the "Dingcuo" system was raised, and it was famous for art, literature and social movements (Cuo is a dialect of Hokkien dialect, similar to the meaning of family).
Lin Dingbang and his son Lin Wencha were rewarded by the Qing court with the monopoly of camphor in Fujian Province (including Taiwan) for his meritorious efforts in quelling the Dai Chaochun Incident (one of the three major civil uprisings in Taiwan), and Li Lu was prosperous.
His grandson Lin Chaodong led more than 2,000 township heroes to make meritorious contributions in the Sino-French War and was awarded official by the Qing Dynasty. Sun Linzu secretly went to the mainland of the motherland to join the Chinese Revolutionary Party raised by Sun Yat-sen, and was promoted to the bodyguard of the Grand Marshal in 1921, and was killed by the warlord in 1925.
Lin Wenqin, a qing dynasty official, assisted Liu Mingchuan in cleaning up the fields, recruited courage and helped the army resist the Law, and conferred the title of Lin Wenqin's son, Lin Wenqin's son, Lin Xiantang, who lost his mother at an early age.
Because Lin Wenqin is gentle and kind, enthusiastic about public welfare, willing to build bridges and pave roads, shi yi clinic disaster relief, coupled with the joint support of the gentle and generous grandmother Luo Shi, Lin Xiantang has been deeply affected since childhood.
Returning to China to take refuge, Lin Xiantang was alone
Lin Xiantang began to receive an enlightenment education in a private school at the age of 7, inheriting traditional Chinese Confucianism and gaining great achievements in Chinese studies.
In 1895, the Qing government was defeated in the Sino-Japanese War and was forced to sign the Treaty of Maguan to cede Taiwan and the Penghu Islands. At that time, Lin Xiantang, who was 15 years old at the time, was ordered by his grandmother to take more than 40 members of his family and cross the sea to Quanzhou to avoid the disaster of war.
During this period, the plague epidemic and the extensive tempering of many tribesmen's index fingers induced their precocious minds, and also forged their ability to face difficulties and excellent leadership skills in the future.
When Lam was 20 years old, his 46-year-old father died of illness in Hong Kong, and since then, Lam has become the spokesperson of the family and has been responsible for running the family business (sugar and camphor) ever since.
Meeting friends in a foreign country, Liang Qichao suggested Lin Xiantang
The Japanese were intent on wooing this new generation of leaders, and after repeated threats and inducements, Lin Xiantang could not refuse to accept the appointment and became the director (director) of Taiwan Hemp Co., Ltd. at the age of 25.
In 1907, at the age of 27, Lin Chu traveled to Japan and met Liang Qichao in Nara, where the two sides talked about the unequal treatment of Taiwanese and how Taiwan compatriots fought for freedom and equality.
Liang Qichao believes that China is powerless to help Taiwan compatriots fight for freedom within 30 years, and That Taiwan compatriots should not act rashly and make senseless sacrifices, but should emulate Ireland's methods of dealing with Britain, thicken the Japanese central political leaders, and contain the rule of the Japanese Governor-General's Office so that they will not overly suppress the Taiwanese.
This suggestion also became the principle of Lin Xiantang's later practice of taking a moderate line in the national movement.
Four years later, in 1911, Lin invited Liang Qichao, then 38, to visit Taiwan, shaking the then Japanese Governor's Palace. Liang Zeng visited Wufeng's Lin family for 5 days, and he persuaded Lin Xiantang and Lin Youchun's uncle and nephew not to be literati for life, but to work hard to study political, economic, and social thought, and to list more than 170 kinds of famous works in the East and West for reference and study, which had a great influence on their thinking and learning.
In 1914, in order to strive for the Taiwanese to obtain the same rights and interests as the Japanese, Lin united with Itagaki to establish the Taiwan Assimilation Association in Taipei, in an attempt to fake culture and strive for equal treatment of ethnic groups. When the Japanese Governor's Office learned of the organization's motives, it launched a cooperative attack on Itagaki to retreat. In 1915, the Japanese government ordered the dissolution of the association in the name of obstructing public security, so that Liang Qichao's proposed strategy of uniting Japanese politicians failed.
Against Japan, an anti-colonial movement arose in Taiwan
After the Independence of Many Emerging Countries after World War I, the call for national self-determination was high, and in 1920 Lin Xiantang went to Japan to form the New People's Association in conjunction with the young people from Taiwan who stayed in Japan, and served as the president to issue the "Taiwan Minbao" as an institution for the speech and enlightenment of the People of Taiwan.
Later, Jiang Weishui founded the Taiwan Cultural Association in 1921, and received strong support from Lin Xiantang, so he sent Lin to serve as prime minister, and through this association, he pushed the petition activities set up by the Taiwan Parliament to the whole island, which lasted 14 years, and persevered in submitting 15 petitions to Japan, of which 11 were led by Lin Xiantang.
In the spring of 1922, after being signed by 178 people, Lin Xiantang went to the House of Japanese house of representatives to submit the purpose of the Taiwanese parliament petition, although the result was not adopted as expected.
However, after Lin Xiantang returned to Taiwan, he went to various places to give speeches and reports, which aroused the Taiwan people's awareness of the Chinese nation, but was immediately ordered by the Japanese Governor's Office to suppress them: All Taiwanese employees who were directly or indirectly connected with the literary association established by the Taiwan Parliament, or showed sympathy or proximity to their words and deeds, were forced to resign; the Japanese government also actively obstructed or monitored the rally speeches, and kept an eye on Lin Xiantang's faction in the areas of public sale, bank financing, or debt collection.
However, Lin Xiantang was not intimidated, and at the end of January 1923, the Establishment of the Taiwan Parliament became an Alliance Association, which was banned in early February, but the Petitioners of the Taiwan Parliament, Jiang Weishui, Cai Peihuo, Chen Fengyuan, etc., immediately went to Japan, and on the 21st, they changed to the establishment of the League Association in Tokyo, and in mid-April, the "Taiwan Minbao" was founded in Tokyo, which was sent to the island of Taiwan, but it was often withheld, and its circulation was also banned for 7 or 8 consecutive issues, and the newspaper was also elected by Lin Xiantang as its president.
During this period, more than 60 members of Taiwan's parliament were arrested for violating the "Public Security Police Law," and Lin Xiantang survived because of his prestige.
The "Imperial Democratization Movement" oppressed Taiwan, and Lin Xiantang's heart was devoted to the motherland
In 1930, the whole of Japan was out of control toward militarism, and in order to completely assimilate Taiwan, the Japanese high-level began to carry out the "imperial democratization movement" in Taiwan, and by 1935 a series of anti-colonial movements in Taiwan finally fell silent.
By the 1940s, when Taiwan entered the "period of imperial democratization," Japan, in order to make the Taiwanese Japaneseize and Japan work together to go to war, actively co-opted the leaders of political movements, and successively urged Lin Xiantang to serve as a councilor of the Governor's Office, the chief of affairs of Datun County, and a member of the Election of the House of Nobles, but Lin Xiantang resolutely refused.
During the 50-year-long Japanese occupation in Taiwan, Lin Xiantang insisted on not speaking Japanese and not wearing kimonos, and during the "imperial period", even under the pressure of high-level coercion to change Japanese names, Lin was still unshakeed.
During this period, in March 1936, Lin Xiantang participated in the South China expedition to Xiamen, Shanghai and other places in China, and when Lin gave a speech to the overseas Chinese group in Shanghai, he had this return to the motherland for inspection, which was reported by Japanese spies.
Japanese Chief of Staff Hagi Chau Libing intended to humiliate Lin Xiantang to warn the Taiwanese, and when Lin was invited to attend the commemorative meeting of the Japanese government, Hagi instigated the ronin of the right-wing group production party to slap Lin Xiantang in public.
After Lin Xiantang returned home on the day of the beating, his look was no different from usual, and only later did he tell his family that the beginning and end of the beating, the family saw that his right cheek had a slight red mark, but he was calm as if nothing had happened.
In May 1937, Lin left Taiwan to live in Tokyo to avoid dealing with Japanese rightists. This kind of personality fully reflects the Confucian practice of forbearance and not being alarmed.
Japan surrendered but was frustrated, and in his later years he refused to return to Taiwan
On August 15, 1945, World War II ended and Japan surrendered unconditionally. When the news came, the Taiwan compatriots rejoiced and rushed to tell each other and celebrate Taiwan's return to the embrace of the motherland.
At this time, Lin Xiantang had launched the Taiwan Provincial Overseas Chinese Rescue Association, calling on local governments in China to treat Taiwan compatriots kindly, but during the Kuomintang's acceptance of Taiwan, Lin was once included in the list of traitors arrested in Taiwan Province, and fortunately his friends ran to avoid disaster.
Lin Xiantang was regarded as a non-national, (i.e., a japanese traitor) figure during the Japanese occupation period, but after greeting the motherland, he was regarded as a traitor.
In 1947, when the February 28 Incident broke out, Lin Xiantang saw that his friends were killed, imprisoned, and exiled, and his heart was inevitably terrified, and the future of Taiwan's politics was even bleaker.
By 1949, the Kuomintang had retreated to Taiwan, and under the presidency of Chen Cheng, chairman of the Taiwan Provincial Government, Taiwan adopted the "Measures for renting private arable land in Taiwan Province" and began to implement a rent reduction of 37.5%, that is, the land rent was capped at 37.5%, and if there was a bad harvest, it should be lowered, etc. In addition, there were many policies to protect the interests of tenant farmers and restrict landlords.
As a local magnate, the Wufeng Lin family controls a large amount of land in Central Taiwan and belongs to the real landlords. The introduction of this policy is the most direct blow to the Lin family. Lin Xiantang felt more and more unfavorable to the political environment, and finally on the eve of the curtain of white terror, he left Taiwan, a place of right and wrong, in the name of medical treatment, and avoided Japan.
When he was living in Tokyo, his friend Cai Peihuo was ordered by the Kuomintang to persuade him to return to Taiwan, but Lin Xiantang said: "Dangerous countries do not enter, chaotic countries do not live, this is the teaching of the saints, how dare you forget it!" ”
In this way, Hayashi spent the last days of his life in Japan, and died in Tokyo in 1956.
It is really regrettable that Lin Xiantang spent 50 years (two-thirds of the years) in his life fighting against the Japanese authorities and fighting for the rights and interests of the Taiwan people, while spending the last years in this colonial country that competed with them.
In the end, I recently read the local history of Taiwan and read the life of Lin Xiantang, which is really touching. Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, which is beyond doubt, as can be seen from the history of the Lin Xiantang family, whose ancestors were from the mainland. But at that time, the country was poor and weak, the times were torrenting and soupy, and if you were not careful, your family would be destroyed, and even the door of the big mansion would not be spared.
In Taiwan, which has been colonized by Japan for 50 years, nearly 600,000 people with lofty ideals were killed by the Japanese army because of the resistance, and it is precisely because of this that in the late stage of Japanese colonization of Taiwan, the voices of resistance were almost extinct, and the Taiwanese students under the "Imperial Nationalization Movement" knew Japanese and did not know Chinese! What's more, Taiwanese students followed Japan to the battlefield.
I'd rather be a peaceful dog than a chaotic world! At that time, china, which was poor and weak, Chinese lived extremely hard!