Author: Lan Yan also fell into the city
When he was awarded the title in 1955, the general Xu Guangda said to Marshal He Long: "I am a great general, and I am ashamed of it!" If Master Duan is still there, he is the truly deserved general! ”
The chairman listened to this and murmured, "Dechang, if you can live until now, how good it would be..." When Mr. Peng heard this, he also looked sad and wanted to stop talking. He Long said guiltily: "Chairman, I want to protect Dechang, I failed to keep it..." The chairman gently waved his hand: "I don't blame you, I don't blame you..." Then, who is Duan Dechang, who will make the chairman moved, let General Manager Peng be sad, and make President He feel sad? Friends who are familiar with the history of our army know that Duan Dechang was the first martyr of the Republic and one of the 36 military experts of our army. When he was wrongfully killed in 1933, he was the commander of the Ninth Division of the Red Third Army (Commander He Long).
People believe that if Duan Dechang is not unjustly killed, when he is awarded the title in 55 years, he should start as a general and may also be an important candidate for marshal.
Duan Dechang, like Lin Biao, was born in the fourth phase of Huangpu. As a well-known and victorious general, his battle achievements will certainly not be inferior to that of many generals.
If he had not been wrongfully killed, in the later War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, he would have been able to shine brightly and be as famous as Lin Biao, Su Yu and others. On the "hilltop", he is not only a banner of the Red Second Front, but also the guiding light and introducer of Marshal Peng Dehuai's life. The two once slept on their feet and talked about the world. It was under his influence that Peng Dehuai chose to join the revolution.
More importantly, he was also the Chairman's "named disciple" As early as when Duan Dechang was studying in high school, the chairman of the Hunan Inspector's School inspected his school, and he specifically talked to him, greatly encouraged him, and gave him a copy of "New Youth". Duan Dechang entered the Whampoa Military Academy to study, which was also recommended by the chairman, who was also the director of the admissions office of the Whampoa Military Academy.
After the "Zhongshan Incident," because he was not accustomed to Chiang's behavior, Duan Dechang wrote an open letter to Chiang, reprimanding Him for betraying the revolution and threatening to overthrow him. Jiang Qi, who was so angry, immediately expelled Duan Dechang. This is also the only time that Jiang, as the principal of Huangpu, has directly expelled students.
"There is no grandfather here, there is a place to stay!" Duan Dechang dropped these words, turned and walked out of the Whampoa Military Academy and returned to the chairman.com. The chairman did not blame him, but introduced him to the peasant training institute set up by Li Fuchun to study. In 1927, at the recommendation of Zhou Yiqun, Duan Dechang met He Long, commander of the 20th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and was appointed by He Long as the party representative of the Fourth Regiment of the First Division. No one could have imagined that from this point on, Duan Dechang and He Long, two military experts, would live and die together in the future base areas of western Xiang'e and Xiang'e, and would fight side by side for five years. After the Nanchang Uprising, Zhou Yiqun was transferred to the commander of the Third Division of the Twentieth Army, and Duan Dechang was also transferred to the Third Division as an instructor of the Fifth Regiment. After the nanchang uprising failed, he sacrificed his life to cover the retreat of Zhou Yiqun, sneaked back to his hometown to continue the revolution, and was later assigned by the organization to set off a wave in the Honghu area, and the name of the god of war was Wei Zhen Xiang and western Hubei. In March 1931, Commissioner Xia Xi came to the western border area of Xiang'e. This person was a loyal disciple of Wang Ming, and as soon as he arrived in the Soviet zone, he abolished the Ouxi Special Committee, with Zhou Yiqun as the secretary of the special committee, and established the Xiang'eXi Sub-bureau, which made himself the secretary and controlled the leadership of the Xiang'exi base area. Xia Xi actively promoted Wang Ming's line and adventurism in the base areas of western Xiang'e, was very dissatisfied with Duan Dechang's invincible guerrilla tactics, and demanded that the troops should fight big battles, fight hard battles, and dare to capture large and medium-sized cities. Duan Dechang likened Xia Xi's practice of insisting on confronting Jiang Jun in disregard of the actual situation of the Red Army to "calling Hanako and The Dragon Prince to compare treasures", and repeatedly confronted Xia Xi on various occasions and argued with reason.
He Long kindly reminded him: "Dechang, Xia Xi now regards you as a thorn in your eye and a thorn in your flesh." In the future, you should pay attention to proportions, pay attention to the occasion, and pay attention to the way. Duan Dechang had no choice but to suppress his dissatisfaction in his heart, and from time to time he sneered when building fortifications against fortresses. After Xia Xi knew about this matter, he immediately gave Duan Dechang a warning punishment.
Under Xia Xi's erroneous tactics, the fourth "anti-encirclement and suppression" struggle in the western border area of Xiang'e ended in a crushing defeat, and only more than 4,000 people remained in the Red Third Army of more than 30,000 people. In January 1933, after three months of arduous transfer, the Red Third Army, which had lost its Honghu base area, returned to He Long's hometown, Sangzhi County, Hunan. In order to preserve his strength, Chen Quzhen, the king of Xiangxi, took the initiative to write to He Long, willing to use the Sangzhi County and Hefeng areas occupied by the Red Army as a quid pro quo to reach an agreement of non-aggression.
He Long, Duan Dechang, and others favored taking advantage of the enemy's internal contradictions to gain an opportunity for recuperation and development under the current extreme fatigue of the Red Army. Therefore, he advocated agreeing to Chen Quzhen's proposal on the premise of not harming the interests of the Red Army.
Xia Xi accused this of being "passive" and "incomplete in battle" and advocated an "aggressive offensive line." Duan Dechang said that this battle could not be fought, and Xia Xi retorted: "Everyone says that you are a general who has always won, and you should be punished by military law if you move the hearts of the army in the front." ”
Duan Dechang tried his best to restrain his emotions and explained: "I am not shaking the hearts of the army on the verge of battle, and the current combat effectiveness of our army is really unbearable in a battle. Chen Quzhen is now unclear about our current situation, and will take the initiative to seek peace. If we take the initiative to attack now, not only will we not be able to win, but we will also expose our weaknesses. Xia Xi did not listen at all, and he forced Duan Dechang to lead the exhausted Red Ninth Division, which lacked guns and ammunition, to attack the well-equipped and well-equipped and idle 34th Division of the enemy Zhou Xieqing.
On January 26, Duan Dechang was ordered to lead more than 400 soldiers of the Red Ninth Division on an expedition from Wuyang Pass to Sangzhi, cross the Chixi River, and go straight to Taozi Creek.
The Taozixi stronghold was guarded by Chen Quzhen's general Zhou Xieqing, nicknamed "Short-footed Tiger" because of his short stature. Since Chen Quzhen and the Red Army could not reach an agreement, Zhou Xieqing was already heavily guarded, and in addition to the guard of bunkers, fortifications, and deep trenches, a machine gun was added every 3 meters, and soldiers rotated night and night to patrol more to prevent the Red Army from raiding.
In the cold winter of the ninth month, the mountain wind was gusting, and the thinly clothed Red Army soldiers, under the leadership of division commander Duan Dechang, wore straw shoes on their feet, and each person carried only three or five bullets and a few raw sweet potatoes, and crossed the mountains and approached Peach Creek.
Duan Dechang observed with a telescope and found that Zhou Changqing was tightly armed, and a chill rose in his heart, which was another "called Hanako and Dragon King Bibao". He remembered He Long's parting instruction to "go out and fight, if it doesn't work, he will withdraw it", and told several regiment leaders that they would fire a few shots at will, and come back as a model, and remember not to fall in love with the war. Several regimental commanders saw that the division commander was unusual and did not understand. Duan Dechang was bitter and could not explain. Some regimental commanders still went against the intentions of the division commander, such as He Bingyan, the commander of the 25th Regiment, in order to replenish ammunition and capture clothes and food, with fighters who had not seen rice for more than three months, took advantage of the night, endured hunger and cold, and raised a large knife to charge at the enemy bunker. The fighters on the cover could not suppress the enemy's fire due to insufficient ammunition, and suffered heavy casualties under the powerful fire strafing.
Duan Dechang looked at He Bingyan, who had returned from the feathers, and saw that He Bingyan was in a cold sweat, and his heart was hairy, thinking that the division commander would definitely be scolded. Who knew that Duan Dechang not only did not get angry and cursed, but instead comforted: "Bingyan, like you, I also hope to get food, clothes and ammunition, but I can't be arrogant, so let's withdraw!"
When Zhou Xieqing was cleaning up the battlefield, he found that the attack was actually the Red Ninth Division, which could fight in battle, and hurriedly told Chen Quzhen the news. Chen Quzhen believed that the famous Red Ninth Division and the famous Duan Dechang were no more than that, so they dispatched troops and generals to retreat from the Red Seventh Division stationed at Sangzhi City in one fell swoop and occupy the county seat of Sangzhi County. The Red Army was forced to retreat to the Hefeng area in Hubei Province, and Xia Xi pushed the responsibility for the Red Army's defeat on the "conspiracy and sabotage", to continue to "clean up" and to disband the organizations in the Three Red Armies.
Duan Dechang could no longer suppress the anger in his heart, pointed at Xia Xi's nose and said: After the defeat of the Great Revolution, I went alone to Western Hubei and engaged in riots, just to make a revolution. Today you don't even believe in the organization, you have finished the Red Army, you have destroyed the Soviet zone, the Red Army has tens of thousands of people, you have only a few thousand people left, and now you want to disband the organization, are you a hero, or a sinner? I think you're a loser, a traitor!"
Song Panming, political commissar of the Red Ninth Division, and He Long also stood up to denounce Xia Xi. The anger of the crowd was difficult to offend, and Xia Xi could only suppress the resentment. Duan Dechang continued: "If we want to eliminate the personnel, the first one must be to eliminate you, and we will elect a new secretary." When the meeting was adjourned, Xia Xi looked at Duan Dechang's back and fiercely twisted the cigarette butt in his hand, and his eyes were full of murderous intent.
On March 2, Xia Xi took advantage of Duan Dechang's mission to hold a meeting in Jinguoping, at which he said that Duan Dechang wanted to drag the team back to Honghu Lake and achieve the purpose of setting up another mountain, and his problems must be solved. The day after the meeting, the Red Army headquarters notified Duan Dechang to go to Wuyangguan for a meeting. On March 7, as soon as Duan Dechang arrived at Wuyang Pass, he was arrested by Jiang Qi, who was in charge of "rectification" (this person was a secret agent of Chiang Kai-shek's army who had infiltrated our army, and was hacked to death by soldiers of the Red Third Army after being exposed) and put in a cell.
From March 7 to April 30, Duan Dechang was tortured to death and beaten to death, and his mouth never said the "incriminating evidence" that Jiang Qi wanted. He Long came to see Duan Dechang and guiltily said to him, "I am not a member of the three-person 'rectification group', and I don't count my words, Dechang, do you have any other requirements?" Duan Dechang understood He Long's helpless situation and said to him: "Beard, I know you are embarrassed, I don't blame you..." He Long listened to the tears like rain.
On May 1, 1933, Xia Xi held a general meeting and announced Duan Dechang's "three major crimes": first, he participated in the 13-member anti-Xia Xi group; second, he deliberately lost the battle; and third, he tried to break away from the Red Army.
Duan Dechang stared at Xia Xi and said, "When you're done, let me say a few words." I'll just say three words. First, I have to tell the truth when I cut off my braincase. I believe that the revolution will be victorious and that history will come to a just conclusion for me in the future; second, the Red Army is on the verge of extinction, and the people here have little food and must return to Honghu Lake. Third, the Red Army has run out of ammunition, kill me with a knife. Bullets are precious, leaving bullets to hit enemies. Xia Xi frowned tightly and motioned for the shot to be fired. With the sound of a gunshot, a generation of warriors named Zhen Xiang'ebian suddenly fell to the ground. Duan Dechang was only 29 years old when he died. This military wizard who fought in blood, the hero of Chiang Kai-shek's reward of 50,000 oceans, fell under the muzzle of his own people's guns! Comrade Fan Zhexiang, a soldier of the Red Army, recalled in an interview in January 1980: "Duan Dechang was a general who always won, and I served as a staff officer with him. He was only two years older than me, and if he hadn't been killed by Xia Xi, he would probably have been a marshal. Xu Guangda was his division commander (in 1930, Duan Dechang was the deputy commander of the Red Sixth Army, and Xu Guangda was the commander of the 17th Division of the Red Sixth Army), and he was also a general. Duan Dechang was killed, and a public trial meeting was also held, and when he was shot, many representatives of the soldiers were present. We didn't dare to cry out loud because Xia Xi was there. Later, He Long cried out, and we dared to cry, and we were crying all at once. After Duan Dechang's sacrifice, the people of The Western Su District of Xiang'e buried his body with tears and planted 29 green pines representing his age in front of the grave. In 1945, the organization officially restored Duan Dechang's reputation.
In 1952, the Chairman issued Duan Dechang the Republic's "Martyrs' Certificate No. 1".
Although Duan Dechang died young, his voice did not fade with the years, and the people of the Xiang'e Western Soviet District, especially the people in the old Honghu District, have been remembering and remembering the deeds of the "Fire Dragon General".
The fishermen of Gongjiadun built a small temple for Duan Dechang and enshrined his tablet. The small temple is full of incense, and there is an endless stream of people who come to burn incense to pay tribute. On the pillars on both sides of his tablets is engraved a couplet: Born for the people, died for the people, died for the people, although the death is still alive; love Hong Lake, Zhan Hong Lake, because the lake is depressed, the heroic spirit is always there!
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