【Financial Analysis】The digital economy deeply affects the supply and demand pattern of the human resources market

Xinhua Finance Harbin, September 26 (Reporter Fan Yingchun) The vigorous development of the digital economy and related industries marked by artificial intelligence is interpreted by the industry as the "arrival of the fourth industrial revolution", and it is also the main front for the development of new quality productivity. Industry insiders believe that while promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, the digital economy has also given birth to a variety of new formats and new occupations, and the demand for innovative talents and new labor producers has increased, which has a deep impact on the supply and demand pattern of the human resources market.

The era of digital intelligence calls for more integrated and innovative talents

Song Qizhu, Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of China Radio and Television Network Group Co., Ltd., said that in the era of digital intelligence, workers mainly organize social production by participating in information production and consumption, and high-quality workers are the fundamental elements and "first resource" of new quality productivity.

Compared with traditional industries, the requirements for practitioners to build a new industrial chain of digital economy are significantly different. Huang Hanquan, president of the China Macroeconomic Research Institute, said that the wide application of large models and large computing power has improved the efficiency of scientific research, and new technologies in various fields continue to emerge and rapidly iterate and cross-integrate, penetrate into various production factors, and give birth to new industries, new formats and new kinetic energy.

"Innovative talents engaged in scientific and technological innovation, entrepreneurs who dare to be good at promoting scientific and technological achievements from the laboratory to the production line, engineers and senior technicians who are proficient in new quality production materials and production tools, and other application-oriented talents, play a leading role in innovation in the formation of new quality productivity." Huang Hanquan said.

Internet expert and future scientist Kevin · Kelly said in a video message at the 2024 Sun Island Entrepreneurs Annual Conference in Harbin in late August that most human work will be redisassembled into different tasks, and although the original work may be retained, new tasks will be faced. This does not mean that the related work will disappear, but that the content of the tasks will change, and some of the tasks will be done by robots and artificial intelligence. "Digital technologies and artificial intelligence will create a lot of new jobs and tasks, and the future income of practitioners will largely depend on the ability to work in tandem with robots and artificial intelligence." Kevin · Kelly said.

Harbin Institute of Technology, which is at the forefront of the domestic research in the field of digital economy and artificial intelligence, especially in robotics research, has promoted the reform of the system and mechanism for cultivating innovative talents with unconventional measures. Launched the "Future Talents" program, which subsidizes undergraduates with 200,000 yuan per person per year to carry out doctoral research for four consecutive years, carries out systematic training and transformation support for AI-empowered traditional disciplines for teachers, builds a knowledge innovation center driven by AI as the bottom layer in advance, and explores the integration of knowledge graph, ability graph, and quality map to drive the construction of majors and courses.

Han Jiecai, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and president of Harbin Institute of Technology, said that colleges and universities should cultivate more top innovative talents who have the courage and ability to compete with strong opponents in key and urgent areas, and have leading and disruptive innovation capabilities.

Improving total factor productivity has become the core goal

In recent years, the mainland's digital economy and related industries have flourished, and the digital economy has been included in the key tasks of the 14th Five-Year Plan by many provinces. Zhang Zhiyong, secretary of the party committee and chairman of the board of directors of China Tower Co., Ltd., said that in terms of total factor productivity, there is still a big gap between the mainland and developed countries. The core goal of the new round of industrial transformation led by digital intelligence, digitalization, intelligence and biotechnology is to improve total factor productivity.

At the same time, the source of income for employees is no longer limited to the traditional form of wages, and new distribution methods such as intellectual property income, online content royalties, profit sharing, and option incentives will better mobilize the enthusiasm and innovation of workers.

Liao Jiasheng, chairman of China Logistics Group, said that logistics is a typical traditional industry, but digitalization and artificial intelligence are used in many scenarios in the field of logistics, such as smart warehousing, smart transportation, and the use of some information technologies such as AI plays a great role in reducing labor and logistics costs. China Logistics Group "Zhongchu Zhiyun" platform has more than 3 million vehicles, 38,000 shippers, shippers on the delivery, drivers on the top of the goods, the group targeted research and development of a set of digital system, through the background intelligent computing design of the optimal route, for many drivers to return to the high cost of logistics and other problems, the background automatically for the most suitable driver to push the return freight bill.

Song Qizhu said that the digital economy and artificial intelligence have triggered the corresponding social relations, economic structures and organizational models to update, for entrepreneurs, these changes and updates will bring innovation in the form of labor organization, the relationship between enterprises and employees is more flexible and personalized, enterprises tend to build a more equal and collaborative working environment, through project management or flexible work system and other new organizational structures to improve production efficiency and innovation ability.

Three trend changes in the field of human resources

Yang Zhiming, president of the China Labor Society and former vice minister of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that through digital empowerment, entrepreneurs and workers can optimize the combination and generate total factor productivity improvements. At present, online contracted workers mainly include express delivery, takeaway, Didi Chuxing services, family services, platform services, travel services, online live streaming and other forms, and the number of employees in 2023 is 84 million.

Yang Zhiming said that the digital economy continues to extend, and almost every industry and every enterprise can see the shadow of digitalization and intelligence to a greater or lesser extent. Digital empowerment and the embedding of data, a new factor of production, have given birth to three trend changes in the field of human resources.

First, the technical and skilled workers have changed from "quantity" to "quality". China will have more than 200 million skilled workers in 2023, including 60 million high-skilled talents, accounting for about 30%, which is still far behind developed countries such as Japan and Germany. The second is the transformation of skilled workers from unlimited supply to limited supply. In the construction industry, for example, 2 million of CSCEC's 2.4 million employees are skilled workers. Third, a large number of "cyber generation" who have grown up in the network have quickly entered the new business field of data-driven, network collaboration, and platform support.

Statistics show that from 2019 to May 2024, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security has launched 93 new occupations for the whole society, of which 70% belong to digital and intelligent occupations. For example, artificial intelligence trainers have replaced the boring labor on the production line, the new construction industry is no longer climbing high and putting on the shelves, and the courier brother and takeaway rider have been given the new title of "online appointment distributor". "These changes make ordinary workers feel equal and decent, and it is digital labor." Yang Zhiming said.

Relevant experts said that in the era of digital economy and the wide application of artificial intelligence technology, equipment updates, technology iterations, and new infrastructure are important, but more important is the improvement of human capital. Replacing people with machines does not contradict people's initiative, innovation, and flexibility. Artificial intelligence brings qualitative change, qualitative change drives technological change, China will enter the era of talents led by high-level engineering and technical talents, and the era of skilled workers led by high-skilled talents will change from demographic dividend to skilled dividend, and human resources will leap to human capital.

Editor: Wang Chunxia

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