The world-famous Yue Fei tomb under the Qixia Mountains in Hangzhou, which was restored in 1979 and opened to the public again, exudes a simple and solemn atmosphere, and the cemetery is staggered with ancient cypresses and green grass. The famous couplet that has been praised through the ages was written by Ms. Matsue: "Qingshan is fortunate to bury the bones of loyalty, and white iron innocently casts traitorous ministers." It was engraved again on the pillar of the tomb gate. The newly cast statues of Qin Hui, Wang, Zhang Jun, and Wan Qiao, four traitors who framed Zhongliang, tied their hands behind their backs in the iron fence, knelt naked in front of Yue Fei's tomb, and were spurned by people for generations.
Referring to Qin Hui's kneeling statue, the author knows from historical materials that the kneeling statue of this traitor has gone through as many as twelve castings.
In the tenth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1141 AD), when the Yuejia army defeated the Jin soldiers in Zhuxian Town (now southwest of Kaifeng, Henan), it was possible to recover Bianjing, "go straight to the Huanglong Mansion and drink the celebration wine", but the mediocre Song Gaozong Zhao Gou and the powerful minister Qin Hui issued twelve gold medals in one day, forcing Yue Fei to withdraw the army, resulting in "ten years of work, ruined in one moment", and ruined the good situation of "restoring the old rivers and mountains and seeing the Son of Heaven". After Yue Fei returned to Lin'an, Qin Hui secretly ordered Zhang Jun, Wan Qiaowei and others to fabricate charges and frame Yue Fei for "rebellion", and finally on December 29, 11th year of Shaoxing (January 28, 1142 AD), the famous anti-Jin general Yue Fei, his son Yue Yun, and the general Zhang Xian were killed together in Fengbo Pavilion (now Hangzhou Xiaodong Bridge) on "trumped-up" charges. The jailer Kui Shun risked his life to carry Yue Fei's body out of the city and bury it in the pile of snail shells in the Jiuqu Cong Temple outside the Qiantang Gate, and was buried with the jade ring that Yue Fei often wears, on which two orange trees were planted as a mark, and the tombstone was engraved with the words "Jia Yiren's Tomb". At that time, some literati wrote poems to criticize the faint monarch Zhao Gou: "Since the flag has been known to be loyal and good, it should only be kept as a pillar." What's going on in the Storm Pavilion, I don't think about it when I listen to slander. ”
In the first year of Longxing (1163 AD), Xiaozong Zhao Yan ascended the throne, issued an edict to Zhaoxue Yue Fei's unjust case, restored Yue Fei's official position, and relocated Yue Fei's bones to be buried under the Qixia Ridge in Hangzhou's West Lake. In the first year of Qingyuan (1195 AD), Ningzong Zhao Kuan pursued Yue Fei as the king of Hubei, and built the temple of Yue Wang, when there was no kneeling statue of Qin Hui and others in front of the tomb of King Yue. The poems of the famous calligrapher Zhao Ziang of the Yuan Dynasty can be corroborate:
"The grass on the tomb of King Yue is barren, and the autumn is desolate and the stone beasts are dangerous.
Nandu Junchen is light and sheji, who does the Central Plains father hope to mention?
The hero has passed away and lamented, and it is difficult to divide the world again.
Don't sing this song to the West Lake, the water and mountains are sad!"
In the eleventh year of Chenghua of Ming Xianzong (1475 AD), Zhou Mu, a scholar of Yiwei Kejin and a famous scholar of Changshu, served as a political envoy of Zhejiang in Hangzhou, in order to express the people's admiration for the national hero Yue Fei and the hatred of the traitor Qin Hui, rebuilt the tomb of Yue Fei, and cast the kneeling statue of Qin Hui and his wife with iron for the first time. However, due to the passage of time, the wind and rain blow, and the two kneeling figures gradually became blurred.
The second time was in the eighth year of Zhengde of Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty (1513 AD), General Li Long, the commander of Zhejiang, out of respect for Yue Fei, cast three kneeling statues of Qin Hui, Wang's and Wan Qi's three hands tied in front of Yue Fei's tomb. However, the kneeling statues were then damaged by the beating of tourists.
The third time is the 22nd year of Wanli of Mingshenzong (1594 AD), the famous writer, Anhui Xiuning celebrity, Wanli Jinshi, Zhejiang according to the deputy envoy Fan Lai recast Qin Hui, Wang, Wan Qiao's kneeling statue with iron, and added the kneeling statue of Zhang Jun, the accomplice of the cruelty of Zhongliang. Unexpectedly, in the following year, Wang Ruxun, the right deputy governor of Zhejiang, lost the face of the Wang family because he was "the same clan" with the wife of the traitor Qin Hui, and secretly sank the kneeling statues of Wang and Zhang Jun into the West Lake in the dark night. The move sparked anger in the city of Hangzhou, which urged the government to track down the culprits. Wang Ruxun was so frightened that he fled Hangzhou overnight. Later, in order to comply with public opinion, Ma Wei, a salt merchant, recast the kneeling statues of Wang and Zhang Jun and put them in their original places to calm down the turmoil. A few years later, the kneeling statues of Qin Hui and others were damaged by tourists.
The fourth time is the thirtieth year of Mingshenzong Wanli (1602 AD), Fan Lai, who had been the deputy envoy of Zhejiang, came to Hangzhou again and served as the political envoy of Zhejiang.
The fifth time is the 34th year of Wanli (1606 AD) of Mingshenzong, Suzhou and Hangzhou weaving Sun Long recast the kneeling statues of Qin Hui, Wang, Wan Qiao, and Zhang Jun with copper, and engraved their names on the chest, surrounded by wooden fences, but soon the kneeling statues were still damaged by the beating of tourists.
Since the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty, there are kneeling statues of Qin Hui and others in front of Yue Fei's tomb, so the poems written by literati and writers when visiting Yue Fei's tomb can also be seen to describe the scene of people whipping and beating Qin Hui and others at that time, such as the famous poet Ye Yingliu in the early Qing Dynasty once wrote:
"Heroes of a hundred battles, laughing in the east window.
The embroidered flag is not broken, and the pill wax plan is passed first.
The iron statue was tartled, and the king sealed the history.
I came to visit the temple and shed tears to worship Gu Zhong. ”
The poem exposes the traitor Qin Hui's crime of fornicating with the Jin State, and expresses his whipping. The traitor has been stinking for 10,000 years, and the whole people hate him.
The sixth time was in the early years of the Yongzheng reign of Emperor Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty, when the people under the Qixia Mountains in Hangzhou gathered and struck the kneeling statue of the Wang family with iron rods and wooden sticks, breaking its head and neck. In the ninth year of Yongzheng (1731 AD), Li Wei, the governor of Zhejiang, wrote to the imperial court, and with the approval of Emperor Yongzheng, he recast the kneeling statue of Qin Hui and others with the collected weapons. Afterwards, Li Wei once wrote an article "The Inscription of Yue Zhongwu Temple".
The seventh time is the Qianlong period of Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty, because the kneeling statue of Qin Hui and others has been eroded by wind and rain for many years and the beating of tourists, its image has been blurred, and the Qiantang County Order invited Xiong Xuepeng, the governor of Zhejiang, to recast the kneeling statue of Qin Hui and others again.
The eighth time was the twelfth year of Qianlong of Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty (1747 AD), Tang Mo, the political envoy of Zhejiang, saw that the kneeling statue in front of Yue Fei's tomb was blurry and difficult to identify, and the damage was serious, so he ordered the craftsman to recast the four kneeling statues of Qin Hui and others, and protect them with a wooden fence.
The ninth time, during the Jiaqing period of Qing Renzong, Ruan Yuan, a learned scholar of the Qing Dynasty, served as the governor of Zhejiang in the third year of Jiaqing (1798 AD). In the fifth year of Jiaqing (1800 AD), Ruan Yuan saw that the kneeling statues of Qin Hui and others were damaged by the rude behavior of tourists, so he ordered to recast the kneeling statues of Qin Hui and other four people with discarded weapons and placed them in front of the tomb of King Yue. At that time, a good deed person jokingly wrote a couplet, made two small cards, one of which was hung around Qin Hui's neck, and wrote: "Alas, I had no intention, if I were not a good wife, why would I be like this?" and the other piece was hung on Wang's neck: "Hmph! Although the woman can speak well, if it were not for the old thief, I would not have ended up today." When Ruan Yuan visited the Yue Wang Temple, he couldn't help but laugh when he saw the joking couplet.
The tenth time, in the fourth year of the reign of Muzong of the Qing Dynasty (1865 AD), during the tenure of Jiang Yili, the political envoy of Zhejiang, he found that the kneeling statue was seriously damaged, so he ordered to recast the kneeling statue of Qin Hui and other four people. When Peng Yulin, a famous minister and poet in the late Qing Dynasty, went to Hangzhou to pay homage to the Yue'e Wang Temple, he once inscribed Lianyun:
"History is like a book, true or false? There is no need to ask about the twelve gold medals. In the past 700 years, how many people with lofty ideals have sung and wept blood;
The tomb is born of green grass, right or wrong? Look at this double iron man kneeling. Hundreds of millions of traitors, how many evil retributions and punishments have been suffered!"
The eleventh time, in the twenty-third year of Guangxu of Qing Dezong (1897 AD), the famous poet Zhang Zuyi served as the political envoy of Zhejiang, and he once again ordered the recasting of the kneeling statue of Qin Hui and other traitors, and wrote the "Yue Tomb Recasting Four Iron Statues". The text reads:
"In view of the anger of the people, the years of criticism and attacks have left the iron statue in tatters, so the craftsmen are ordered to cast it again and make it kneel as before. This move is intended to exterminate the traitors in history, demonstrate righteousness in the world, and warn future generations of ministers. ”
The text describes in detail the form and posture of the iron statues, and uses the kneeling statues of these traitors as a warning to "those who will be ministers in later generations". Zhang Zuyi's four kneeling statues such as Qin Hui were preserved until after the Xinhai Revolution. The kneeling statue that people saw after liberation was recast by the craftsmen ordered by Zhang Zuyi.
In ten turbulent years, in 1966 AD, Yue Fei's tomb was destroyed, and four kneeling statues including Qin Hui disappeared. In 1979, Yue Fei's tomb was renovated, and Qin Hui, Wang, Wan Qili, Zhang Jun and other four people were cast in front of the tomb for the twelfth time.
The kneeling statues of Qin Hui and other traitors and thieves have been cast twelve times, and this has come to an end for the time being.