Disclaimer: The content of this article is written with authoritative information combined with personal opinions, and the source of the literature and screenshots have been marked at the end of the article, please be aware.
On February 10, 1952, with a dull gunshot, Liu Qingshan, former secretary of the Tianjin Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China and deputy secretary of the Shijiazhuang Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China, came to the end of his life.
With Liu Qingshan's departure, it also caused a sigh, how could this person who had followed the organization and revolution for half his life still be corroded by sugar-coated shells?
And his son was about to apply for Tsinghua University in 13 years, but he had to give up because of his father's problems.
Liu Qingshan, a staunch revolutionary
In 1916, Liu Qingshan was born in a rural family in Hebei, at that time when peasants had been oppressed for a long time, and it was common for them not to have enough to eat.
The young Liu Qingshan secretly swore in his heart: he must change the status quo through his own efforts and let his family have enough to eat.
Slowly, time passed, and Liu Qingshan gradually grew up. But his ideal has never changed, that is, to change the fate of the family through his own efforts.
At the age of 15, by chance, Liu Qingshan joined the Red Army and became a young party member.
Subsequently, he followed the team to fight east and west. In 1932, he participated in the peasant uprising in Lixian County, Hebei Province.
The battle was extremely difficult, and the struggle was lost due to inadequate preparation and oppression by the Kuomintang reactionaries.
Liu Qingshan was arrested and almost died, but fortunately his comrades rescued him and picked up a life.
Liu Qingshan, who had experienced life and death, inspired his determination to revolutionize. He took an even more active part in the work, and also actively demanded to go to the front, to the most dangerous places of the revolution.
In 1937, because of his excellent performance, he was seen by the organization, and the organization felt that this child was capable and bloody, and he was a rare seedling, so he was sent to Kang University for further study.
Liu Qingshan also knew that it was because of the trust of the organization that he could be cultivated. So I worked harder to enrich myself, and finally graduated from Kang University with excellent grades. After returning, he was directly promoted to the ranks of cadres and served as the head of the organization department in Hebei, which lasted for two years.
During this period, he actively participated in anti-Japanese disaster relief activities, and he had many ideas, constantly disseminating knowledge to the people by playing the role of a businessman, and propagating the revolutionary ideas of salvation and anti-Japanese resistance to the people.
After absorbing the masses, he also set up training classes to help people with budding ideas accept new ideas, and helped our party recruit many new people.
At the same time, he also created the anti-Japanese armed forces of the county brigade and eight divisions. He was resourceful and led his army to many victories.
He also recruited troops in the local area, plotted against the Imperial Allied Army who worked for the Japanese army, and absorbed them into the ranks. During that time, his team was the fastest growing, and everyone gradually knew that there was a capable Liu Qingshan.
He repeatedly led troops to counter enemy sieges. Not only that, Liu Qingshan also has strong insight. During the Anti-Japanese War, traitors appeared in the team he led, and under the arrangement of the traitors, they were supposed to be wiped out.
Liu Qingshan, who was good at observation, had long known the traitor's plan, and he would plan it, catch the traitor properly, and save his comrades in the same army.
For a while, everyone threw themselves on Liu Qingshan's admired five-body body, saying that he was clairvoyant and smooth.
In 1939, Liu Qingshan, who had performed well, was appointed secretary of the Hebei Provincial Party Committee. Later, he was appointed as the Minister of Urban Industry of the Eight Prefecture Committees of the Communist Party of China in Central Hebei.
Liu Qingshan, who has been promoted all the way, has become the envy of his comrades, but he has not slackened at all, and he still does his best to do his own work.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he was transferred to the secretary of the Tianjin Prefectural Party Committee. It was at this point that he slowly began to lose his way.
From the heroes of the revolution to the moths of the people
At the beginning, Liu Qingshan was still diligent and diligent in doing practical things for the people, and never thought that corruption could be linked to him.
Until Zhang Zishan was transferred to serve as deputy secretary.
One day, Liu Qingshan, who was busy with work, planned to go home, but was stopped by Zhang Zishan on the side. Zhang Zishan said that he was going to Nanshi to inspect and invited him to join him.
Liu Qingshan thought that it was also work anyway, so let's go together.
Liu Qingshan came to Nanshi for the first time, and he lived a simple and simple life for a long time, and was deeply attracted by the rows of commercial shops, colorful signboards, bright lights, and drunken entertainment and consumption atmosphere.
At first, he was repulsed, but after going a few times, coupled with Zhang Zishan's step-by-step guidance, he gradually fell.
The glamorous, drunken life gradually corrupted him. He felt that after working hard for half his life, it was time to enjoy it.
So, Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan summed up and made money behind closed doors. With money, you can have the life you want. At this time, Liu Qingshan's mind was full of luxurious life.
New China has just been founded, and everything is waiting to be rebuilt. At this time, China was in need of money, so the state relaxed its control over the local governments, giving them more power to organize their own economic production activities.
Liu Qingshan saw that the opportunity had come. He colluded with profiteers, embezzled public funds, and frantically amassed wealth.
In 1950, there was a sudden flood in Tianjin, and the central government issued relief funds after investigation. But Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan felt that this was an opportunity, anyway, they were the two of them who had the most power in Tianjin. So they jointly withheld more than 200 yuan of this disaster relief money, filling their own pockets, completely ignoring the people affected by the disaster.
At that time, the channels of supervision were still so extensive. The people did not receive the relief money, but they only felt that the state had not issued it, and naturally no one denounced them. The two who tasted the sweetness were out of control, searching for opportunities to make money everywhere.
In 1951, the government again issued 18 million catties of relief grain for cash-for-work, and after Liu Qingshan learned of this, he immediately ran to the supply station and asked to make 3 billion yuan from the 18 million catties of grain.
The people at the supply station had no choice but to sell the grain at a higher price. And shoddy, and even worse, they distributed moldy grain as relief food to everyone, resulting in many people dying from eating poisoned food.
However, Liu Qingshan made a lot of money in this transaction, completely ignoring the suffering people. Liu Qingshan, who made money, also began to enjoy his life endlessly.
He rebuilt his small western-style building, which was extremely luxurious, and the interior decoration and utensils were of the highest quality. Many friends came to visit him, and all of them were shocked by the decoration of his house.
In addition to the house, he is also quite particular about eating. In the 50s, when most people couldn't even eat enough, he asked for meat.
In the winter, when vegetables are hard to find, he wants to eat leek dumplings. There was no way for the chef to buy leeks at a high price, but after buying leeks, he stopped eating them, and told the chef that he wanted to eat leek-flavored dumplings, but there could be no leeks.
This makes it difficult for the chef to wrap the leeks in the dumplings and pull them out when they are cooked. If you want to talk about Liu Qingshan's hedonism, ordinary people can't compare. In the end, the chef was overwhelmed and left his job.
In 1950 and 1951 alone, Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan embezzled more than 171 billion yuan by taking advantage of their positions, a shocking amount.
The movie "The First Big Case" shows the extravagant life of Liu and Zhang
And Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan did not feel ashamed at all, and even said unashamedly: "The revolution is so hard, Lao Tzu has been defeated all over the world, and now I can't enjoy it." It's like a "soil emperor".
Justice comes, and judgment is given
As the saying goes, "if you do too much injustice, you will kill yourself", Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan's crazy accumulation of wealth also caused dissatisfaction among many people, including Liu Qingshan's deputy, Li Kecai, who was the deputy commissioner of the Tianjin Administrative Office at the time.
Like Liu Qingshan, Li Kecai is also a revolutionary soldier who has experienced a hundred battles, but unlike Liu Qingshan, he has withstood the test and always maintained a good style.
Liu Qingshan's work requires Li Kecai's participation, and over time, Liu Qingshan's embezzlement and wealth accumulation was also known by Li Ke.
Li Kecai had warned him not to take a detour. Liu Qingshan, who could taste the sweetness, naturally couldn't listen to it. In order not to be exposed, he began to woo Li Kecai.
He tried to buy Li Kecai with 2 million yuan, telling him that this was only the first payment, and he would get more in the future.
Li Kecai knew that he could not do this, so he decisively refused. Liu Qingshan saw that he couldn't buy him, so he began to make things difficult for him everywhere. Li Kecai, who couldn't bear it, reported Liu Qingshan's corruption to the higher authorities.
In the summer of 1951, Liu Qingshan was transferred to the deputy secretary of the Shijiazhuang Municipal Party Committee, and Zhang Zishan was appointed secretary of the Tianjin Provincial Party Committee, and the two parted ways.
In November of the same year, the third party congress was held in Baoding, Hebei Province, Zhang Zishan participated as a representative of Tianjin, and Liu Qingshan was unable to attend because he went abroad to attend the conference.
At the meeting, at the behest of the organization, Li Kecai began to expose the corruption of Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan in the past two years. Li Kecai spoke fiercely and spoke for more than an hour before he finished speaking. The number of violations of law and discipline and the amount of corruption were shocking to everyone present.
On the morning of the 29th, with the approval of the Party Central Committee, the Hebei Provincial Public Security Bureau arrested Zhang Zishan in accordance with the law. A few days later, Liu Qingshan, who had returned from abroad, had just gotten off the train when he was arrested red-handed by PLA soldiers.
At 12 o'clock in the morning of February 10, 1952, the Hebei Provincial People's Public Trial of Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan was held in Baoding, at which Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan were sentenced to death, immediately executed, and all illegal property was confiscated.
At the time of Liu Qingshan's execution, the eldest son Liu Tieqi was only 7 years old, the second Liu Tiejia was 4 years old, and the third Liu Tiebing was only a few months old.
His wife left for the country, and his three sons lived with their uncle Liu Hengshan in Nanzhang Village, Anguo County, their hometown.
The leaders of the Central Committee, the North China Bureau, and the Provincial Party Committee studied and decided and jointly notified that Liu Qingshan's eldest son and second son will be provided with 15 yuan per person per month from now on, and the third son will be raised by Fan Yong.
It wasn't until Liu Tieqi went to high school that the provincial party committee decided to give Liu Tieqi 20 yuan per month, and Tiejia and Tiebing 15 yuan per month each. The 50 yuan was kept until Liu Tieqi graduated from university and joined the workforce.
In 1965, Liu Tieqi had excellent grades and scored enough in the college entrance examination to go to Tsinghua University, but he applied for the Beijing Petroleum Institute.
The teacher of the admissions office was very puzzled with Liu Tieqi's transcript, but after seeing the family situation, he quickly reported the truth to his superiors, and the school party committee finally agreed to accept Liu Tieqi into the school after research and decision.
Now that many years have passed, Liu Qingshan's descendants are living a low-key life, and Liu Tieqi also has his own family. After graduating, he joined an oil company as an employee, and later became a middle-level cadre. He said that he would always remember his father's teachings, and be strict with himself, and resolutely not allow himself to go down the wrong path.
It is said that between good and evil, it is easy to do evil and difficult to do good. But it is because goodness is our most precious character.
Resources:
The descendants of Liu Qingshan, the "first greedy person in the founding of the People's Republic of China", are now in Xinhuanet, 2004.0206